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Biomedical subjects

A M Clarke

Publications and source records attributed to A M Clarke.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A reading aid for patients with macular blindness.

A new reading aid (called "kraspegig") for patients with macular blindness is described. It is based on the principle that, in peripheral vision, our attention is strongly drawn to moving objects. Accordingly, it sets the reading matter moving with respect to the patient's retina. Its essential part is a patterned mask into which is cut a window through which a few words of text can be seen. As the mask is slid along, the patient follows it with his eyes, so that the text lags behind. A magnifier is part of the device.

Blindness↗
PubMed1980

Melanoma in Otago and Southland.

Three hundred and twenty patients with malignant melanoma were treated in Otago and Southland during the 10 years 1968 to 1977. Retrospective examination of available information showed a greater frequency in women than in men. The overall incidence of the area increased from 6.2 per 100 000 at the beginning of the study, to 12.8 per 100 000 in 1977. The five year survival rate was 76 percent overall, and 83 percent for superficial invasion (levels I to III). The only factor significantly affecting prognosis was old age, which diminished the five year survival rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of metronidazole and tobramycin with clindamycin and tobramycin in the treatment of intra-abdominal sepsis.

In a prospective, double-blind study, clindamycin was compared with metronidazole, each combined with tobramycin and all by the intravenous route in the treatment of intra-abdominal sepsis. Twenty-three patients received clindamycin and 34 patients received 35 courses of metronidazole. Analysis of the clinical responses of patients indicates that the two antibiotic regiments are of equal efficacy in that there was no difference between them in terms of defervescence or duration of infection. Few adverse effects were noted, and all appeared to be of a minor nature.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

Thermal injuries: the care of the whole child.

In commemorating and honoring the work of Everett Idris Evans we note the extraordinary developments in burn care which have taken place in intravenous therapy, control of infection, skin coverage, metabolism and diet, and the minimization of scarring and deformity. Probably a more important consideration is the emotional care of the burned child in relation to his grievous injury and disfigurement, to his relationship with his family and to his own expectations and those of all those in contact with him for his future, both social and economic. Without this emotional care we must confess that burn care is incomplete. References are made to the way in which the whole child should be cared for by the whole burn team and the principles underlying this. A special note is made of times of crisis to be encountered. The correct approach by trained people from the beginning of the illness and their patient continuation of contact as long as necessary will enormously reduce the suffering both the patients and their parents and will avoid many tragedies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Crisis intervention: an experimental study of the effects of a brief period of counselling on the anxiety of relatives of seriously injured or ill hospital patients.

This study was designed to examine the effects of anxiety levels, as measured by the Gottschalk & Gleser (1969) and the Viney & Westbrook (1976) content analysis scales, of a brief period of supportive counselling of relatives who arrived at a hospital emergency admitting ward with a seriously ill or injured patient. Verbal samples were taken for analysis from the subjects before and after a period of counselling (or a period of no counselling for the control group). The results showed that the initial anxiety levels for subjects in both groups was very high. For both the psychoanalytically oriented Gottschalk & Gleser anxiety scale and the Viney & Westbrook scale of cognitive anxiety there was a decrease in the level of anxiety for the counselled group compared with the non-counselled group. The results showed that such crisis intervention in hospitals for relatives who accompany patients to the hospital can reduce their very high levels of diffuse and generalized anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Histologic analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short-wave-length light.

The photopathology of retinal lesions produced by extended exposure (1000 sec) to low corneal power levels (62 microW) of blue light (441 nm) was investigated by light microscopy in 20 rhesus eyes over an interval ranging from 1 hr to 90 days after exposure. Results indicate a nonthermal type of photochemical lesion originating in the retinal pigment epithelium and leading to a histological response with hypopigmentation which requires 48 hr to appear. This type of lesion helps to explain solar retinitis and eclipse blindness and has significance for aging and degenerative changes in the retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The treatment of burns in children.

As a cause of accidental death in childhood, burns are exceeded only by motor car injuries and drownings. The mortality has been reduced substantially in recent years, but very many children must still carry scars both physical and emotional for the rest of their lives from burning accidents, many of which were preventable.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗