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Biomedical subjects

A M Borisova

Publications and source records attributed to A M Borisova.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Inhibitor factors in the serum of patients with the AIDS-related complex].

The data on the presence of factors blocking the reaction of E-rosette formation and leukocyte chemotaxis in the blood sera of patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and HIV-positive donors are presented. Most frequently the blocking of E-rosette formation coincided with the presence of a inhibiting effect on the migration capacity of leukocytes. This blocking activity was not linked with the presence of C-reactive protein in the circulation stream. The treatment of ARC patients with plasmapheresis and/or travolol was accompanied either by the disappearance of blocking activity or by the appearance of activity stimulating E-rosette formation.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1991

[Immunogenetic studies in patients with pneumoconiosis].

A total of 58 patients with pneumoconiosis and 50 miners without pulmonary pathology were examined. HLA markers of the predisposition and resistance to the disease were revealed. Determination of the HLA antigens DR I and B 13 is most essential for revealing the predisposition to pneumoconiosis that of DR 5, A 9 and B 5 for revealing the disease resistance.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the set-up of the lymphocyte blast transformation reaction using whole blood].

The authors analyze the specific features of the technique of lymphocyte blastogenesis test (LBGT) with whole blood and of interpreting its results in examinations of healthy donors, patients with hypogammaglobulinemia, chronic bronchitis or pneumonia, and bronchial asthma. The suggested LBGT variant is a sensitive and reproducible technique fit for assessing the immunity status, making use of small volumes (up to 0.1 ml) of the blood; it is recommended for clinical examinations and mass immunologic screenings.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[High-degree obesity--a risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus].

In high degree obesity there a significantly smaller area under the curve of C-peptide after stimulation with Tolbutamide and significantly lower insulin sensitivity measured in vivo by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp-technique (Biostator) than in moderate obesity. This allows the conclusion that high degree obesity is a risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Elastase and acid phosphatase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during chronic bronchitis].

The dynamics of acid phosphatase and granulocytic elastase activities in bronchoalveolar washings of 40 patients with chronic catarrhal bronchitis was studied. In case of effective cure, the activities of these enzymes were increased shortly on the 10-13 days from beginning of the cure. In order to study the nature of this enzymes, the additional researches were conducted. These researches demonstrated that the macrophages were the source of the acid phosphatase, and the neutrophils--elastase. The transitory increase of the activity of both enzymes is favourable prognostical sign of disease's course.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[The cytological characteristics of bronchoalveolar washings in chronic bronchitis].

Bronchoalveolar washings (BAWs) from 30 patients with nonobstructive chronic bronchitis (CB) were examined cytologically. On the basis of the taxonomic analysis of the data on the cytological examination of the BAWs, all the observations were classified as belonging to degrees I, II and III of the cytological activity of the inflammatory process in the lungs. It was revealed that the minimal degree of the activity of the inflammatory process was characterized by a marked increase in the relative numbers of the cells of the desquamated cylindrical epithelium and destroyed cells along with a significant decrease in the proportion of macrophages and an increase in the relative count of neutrophils. The increased activity of the inflammatory process in the lungs was accompanied by a progressing increase in the proportion of neutrophils and a decrease in the relative count of macrophages and the cells of the cylindrical epithelium. Clinico-cytological analysis of the observations was also performed. The most complete and objective estimation of the degree of the inflammatory process activity in the lungs in the patients with CB was provided by the cytological indices of the BAWs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[An improvement in insulin efficacy in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus following treatment using an insulin infusion pump].

In 8 patients with diabetes mellitus type I two methods for intensified insulin treatment were compared: method of numerous insulin applications and treatment with a subcutaneous insulin pump (Microjet model of "Miles" company). The following were taken into consideration: daily insulin dose, residuary beta-cell secretion (determined by a venous Tolbutamide test and dynamic follow up of C-peptide), peripherial insulin efficiency (M) determined in vivo by an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp-technique (Biostator). The infusion pump treatment imitates the beta-cell function better than the numerous insulin applications. This method of treatment helps in overcoming the insulin deficiency and the jatrogenic hyperinsulinemia and as a result the metabolic compensation and insulin efficiency are improved.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of antihypertensive drugs on insulin secretion and efficacy].

The action of some of the most frequently used antihypertensive drugs (reserpine, clonidine, furosemide, propranolol, verapamil) on carbohydrate metabolism in diabetics was studied in an acute experiment with the help of artificial endocrine pancreas (Biostator). The aim of the study is to facilitate the selection of the most suitable drug to be used in the combination of diabetes and hypertension. 42 patients with diabetes mellitus type II were studied divided into 5 groups of 7 patients each according to the number of drugs examined and a control group also of 7 patients. The drugs propranolol and furosemide exert an unfavourable action both on the beta-cell function and the peripheral insulin efficiency. Verapamil and clonidine influence mainly the insulin secretion by a minimum effect on insulin efficiency. Only the drug reserpine practically does not influence the insulin secretion and efficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The relationship of HLA antigens to certain clinical forms of diabetes mellitus].

In 79 diabetic patients, 37 patients with diabetes mellitus type I and 42 patients with diabetes mellitus type II, the HLA-A, B and DR antigens were examined. An association of diabetes mellitus type I with HLA-B8, DR3 and DR4 was found. For the first time a relation between diabetes mellitus type I and HLA-B21 antigen was established. The early onset of the disease and the exhaustion of the endogenic insulin secretion are linked with B8 and DR3 carrier state while the late manifestations of diabetes mellitus and the preservation of one's own insulin production correlate with antigen B21. In the patients with diabetes mellitus Type II the frequency of antigen B21 and DR1 is increased and the carriers of B21 develop in the course of the disease relative insulin insufficiency and a secondary resistance toward sulfanilurea drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Factors affecting stability in the course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

The patients with diabetes mellitus type I show a different course of the disease. In one group of patients diabetes runs a smooth and metabolic compensation is easily achieved and maintained. In another group of patients metabolic compensation is very difficult to achieve or it cannot be achieved at all. In 51 patients with diabetes mellitus type I the role of the residual beta-cell secretion and the insulin sensitivity for the stability of diabetes is studied. The endogenic insulin insufficiency, iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia and the related peripheral insulin resistance are the basic factors determining the stability of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Incidence, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of insulin allergy].

In the Scientific Institute for Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Sofia, 1723 diabetic patients were treated with insulin during the last 3 years. In 150 of them insulin allergy was supposed. The patients sensitivity toward the various insulin preparations was determined by intradermal test. Insulin allergy was found in 29 patients (1.68%). Insulin allergy was found more frequently in patients using acid insulin preparations and by frequent changes of the type of preparation. It is recommended that in special categories of diabetic patients--such as growing up, pregnant women, with complications of insulin treatment--only neutral, swine and purified insulin preparation should be used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical efficacy of a Minidiab preparation (glipizide) in an acute experiment].

The hypoglycemic action of Minidiab (Glipizide) and maninil (Glibenclamide) were studied in an acute experiment. 10 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (6 men and 4 women, mean age 49.1 years, were examined. The blood sugar level and the insulinemia were followed up after a 10 mg morning dose of each drug. The hypoglycemic action of both drugs is identical but is reached in different ways. Minidiab has a faster, shorter but stronger insulinotropic action. Maninil exerts a better peripheral effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Possibility of transferring patients with type-II diabetes mellitus treated with small doses of sulfonylurea preparations to diet therapy].

Nine patients with diabetes mellitus, type II (6 males and 3 females) were studied. The average duration of the disease was 7.1 years. The patients were perorally treated with glibenclamide (5-10 mg daily). Beta-cellular function was studied with glucagon as well as the peripheral insulin sensitivity of the patients on the background of the peroral treatment and after its two-week discontinuation--on the background of dietetic treatment. No significant difference in beta-cellular function, insulin sensitivity and metabolic compensation was established. Part of the patients with diabetes mellitus, type II, treated with low and medium doses of glibenclamide, could well be compensated only by an adequate diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Insulin secretion and action in acromegaly].

17 patients with active acromegaly (7 of them had diabetes mellitus, too), 13 patients with type I diabetes mellitus and 20 healthy controls were examined. The residual beta-cell secretion was determined by venous Tolbutamide test and the insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemic clamp-technique. A positive correlation was found between the growth hormone level and prolactin and the size of the basic insulin secretion. In acromegaly (with or without diabetes) the sensitivity of beta-cell apparatus towards the stimulant Tolbutamide is preserved but the insulin reserves are diminished. There exists a positive correlation between the growth hormone level and the degree of insulin resistance and between the increased prolactin level and the degree of insulin resistance in acromegalic patients.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1987

[The state of cellular immunity in patients with systemic scleroderma].

A study of 50 patients with autoimmune diseases (of them 35 suffered from systemic scleroderma, 10 from systemic lupus erythematosus, 4 from fibrosing alveolitis and 1 from Goodpasture's syndrome) showed the importance of the functional state of the immune system for pathogenesis of the disease. The predominance of DTH reactions expressed in leukocyte migration inhibition, was noted in patients with minimum activity of the process. The effect of serum factors on the patients' lymphocyte functional activity was shown.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗