Biomedical subjects

A M Best

Publications and source records attributed to A M Best.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Relationship of serum antibody to attachment level patterns in young adults with juvenile periodontitis or generalized severe periodontitis.

The goal of this study was to relate attachment loss patterns in early onset periodontitis subjects (juvenile periodontitis n = 47 and severe (generalized) periodontitis n = 52) with antibody reactivities to 25 bacterial strains which were suspected periodontal pathogens. The 25 antibody reactivities were screened by correlation analysis. Eleven strains were found to be significantly related to attachment loss. Using these 11 reactivities, stepwise multiple linear regression with plaque and age as covariates was used to further relate the reactivities within each subject group. Plaque was significantly related to the number of teeth with slight, moderate, or severe attachment loss. A significant inverse relationship was found between antibody reactivity with Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and the number of teeth having slight or moderate attachment loss. Similarly a significant inverse relationship between antibody reactivity with Bacteroides gingivalis and the number of teeth having moderate or severe attachment loss was found. The inverse relationship between the two antibody reactivities and attachment loss patterns were independent of the positive relationship of plaque. These relationships suggest that the failure to mount a substantial antibody response to these organisms leads to greater and more widespread periodontal disease in early onset periodontitis subjects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Serum antibody reactive with predominant organisms in the subgingival flora of young adults with generalized severe periodontitis.

In the present study we sought to determine whether serum antibody was present against microorganisms which predominate in the subgingival flora of young adults with generalized severe periodontitis (SP). Subjects with SP were often seropositive for Eubacterium brachy, Fusobacterium nucleatum E3C22, and Peptostreptococcus micros, whereas subjects with juvenile periodontitis (JP) and subjects with healthy periodontium (HP) were not. Both SP and JP subjects were more frequently seropositive for Bacteroides gingivalis, F. nucleatum D52B16, and F. nucleatum E1D1 than were HP subjects. The data were most striking for B. gingivalis, for which both the incidence and the magnitude of specific antibody was clearly elevated for SP and JP subject groups. However, SP subjects generally had either a high antibody titer or no detectable titer. In contrast, JP and HP subjects generally had at least very small amounts of antibody. Except at very low levels of antibody, neither SP nor JP groups differed significantly from the HP group for antibody to Eubacterium nodatum, Bacteroides intermedius (homology group 4197 or 8944), or Lactobacillus minutus antibody. There was a high frequency of antibody to E. nodatum, with very high titers in all groups despite the fact that this organism is rarely found in HP subjects. For Eubacterium timidum, the JP group was clearly more frequently seropositive than the HP group. Despite high levels of L. minutus in subgingival flora, none of the 50 SP subjects had a detectable antibody titer, and only four of the HP and JP subjects had detectable antibody. These results indicate that many organisms in the subgingival flora elicit antibody responses. B. gingivalis is probably the best example among the species tested. However, some organisms that are present in high concentration, e.g., L. minutus, apparently fail to induce significant antibody responses.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

A clinical trial of phenoxymethyl penicillin for adjunctive treatment of juvenile periodontitis.

A double-blind clinical trial of oral penicillin as an adjunct to conventional treatment of localized juvenile periodontitis (JP) was conducted. Sixteen subjects with JP were paired on the basis of general similarity of disease, and within each pair the persons were assigned randomly, one to a placebo group and one to a penicillin group. Neither patients nor therapist/examiner were aware of whether placebo or penicillin was being taken. All subjects received an initial scaling and root planing of all teeth and flap surgery of all affected sites. Every 12 weeks after surgery through Week 62 of the study, root planing and oral hygiene instructions were repeated. Phenoxymethyl penicillin (250 mg qid) or placebo was started the day of surgery and each recall visit and lasted for 10 days. Clinical measurements were made at the beginning of the study and at each recall visit. In both groups there was a significant decrease in plaque scores, gingival inflammation, gingival bleeding and probeable depths for all sites and for affected sites. Similarly there was a significant increase in attachment level and radiographic bone height, and a total elimination of suppuration. The favorable changes were apparent at the first postsurgical recall (Week 26 of the study) and remained essentially the same through Week 62. The magnitude of change in these parameters was similar to that reported by others for treatment regimes including tetracycline therapy. However, there were no differences in any parameters between the placebo and penicillin groups. Half of the subjects (4 in each group) were continued in the study for another 9 months (Week 98).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Localized juvenile periodontitis and generalized severe periodontitis: clinical findings.

Medically healthy subjects (N = 103), 10-32 years of age, with localized (juvenile periodontitis = JP) or generalized (severe periodontitis = SP) advanced periodontal disease were analyzed for interrelationships of sex, race, age and clinical findings. Females predominated (2:1) in both JP and SP. There were significantly more subjects of the black race in JP, but when age was included as a cofactor the race distinction became insignificant. While whole mouth Plaque and Gingival Indices were lower in JP, these values at sites with attachment loss were equally high in both groups. Extent of disease was significantly related to both plaque and age in SP, and to plaque but not to age in JP. This suggests the existence of a factor(s) in JP which interfere(s) with the age-plaque-disease relationships found in SP and present in adult periodontitis. Contrary to implications of some definitions of JP, periodontal attachment loss was strongly associated with plaque and gingival inflammation in both localized and generalized patterns of disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rating scales for the psychosocial evaluation of organ transplant candidates. Comparison of the PACT and TERS with bone marrow transplant patients.

Two scaled formats for summarizing the results of psychosocial evaluations of transplant candidates have been published, the Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplantation (PACT) and the Transplant Evaluation Rating Scale (TERS). In this study, 40 consecutive candidates for bone marrow transplant were rated on the PACT and TERS. The PACT and TERS were comparable in interrater reliability. Similar conceptual items for each scale correlated fairly highly with one another. The PACT and TERS differ in several scale characteristics. The authors discuss the relationship between scale characteristics and clinical utility.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of a cognitive test for delirium in medical ICU patients.

Patients with delirium, dementia, depression, and schizophrenia were administered a newly developed test designed to identify delirium in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Two alternate forms of the Cognitive Test for Delirium (CTD) were highly correlated. The delirium patients performed least well, and an optimal cutoff score derived from relative-operating characteristic analysis resulted in a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95%. In a follow-up study, the Mini-Mental State Exam could not be administered to 42% of the ICU patients who completed the CTD. Early identification of delirium with the CTD may lead to timely treatment of specific etiologic conditions and a reduction in mortality and morbidity.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hypnosis as an adjunct to the administration of local anesthetic in pediatric patients.

This study investigates the acceptance of local anesthetic injection, utilizing hypnosis in twenty-nine children, ages four to thirteen years. Each subject was evaluated twice, once utilizing hypnosis before injection, and once without. A double blind research design was used to avoid effects of expectancy. Subjects in the study were videotaped during the procedure. Their behavior was rated independently by two pediatric dentists, using the North Carolina Behavior Rating Scale (NBRS). Transcutaneous pulse oximetry data were also recorded for each subject. The resulting data were evaluated for statistically significant differences between the two methods and for interrater reliability. Results showed no statistically significant differences in oxygen saturation due to hypnosis condition, order of treatment, sex, race, or age. Statistically significant differences were found in pulse rate and behavior, attributable to hypnosis condition and age, but not to sex, race, or order of treatment. Pulse rate decreased with hypnosis, as did crying. The hypnosis condition seemed to be more successful with younger children (four to six years old).

Adolescent↗