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Biomedical subjects

A Lundervold

Publications and source records attributed to A Lundervold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cerebral angiography with the non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium iohexol and meglumine-Ca-metrizoate. A randomized double blind parallel study in man.

A double blind study was carried out to evaluate safety, tolerability and visualization quality of the non-ionic contrast medium Iohexol compared to Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) for cerebral angiography. The two contrast media were found equal in most respects. A slight increase in systolic blood pressure following Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate injections and a slight decrease in diastolic blood pressure following Iohexol were statistically significant. Tachycardia following injections of Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate in the aortic arch was also significant and may indicate more discomfort from this medium, although no difference was found in patient interviews. The changes in blood pressure and heart rate were small and of no clinical importance.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral angiography with iohexol. A multicentre clinical trial.

An open multicentre clinical trial with the new non-ionic contrast medium iohexol is reported. A total of 38 adult patients were included in the series. No serious side effects or complications occurred. The impression was that subjective reactions were less marked with iohexol than what is usually observed with conventional ionic contrast media.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Correlation of evoked potentials (SEP and VEP), EEG and CT in the diagnosis of brain tumors and cerebrovascular diseases.

In studying evoked potentials, EEG and CT in 29 patients with cerebral lesions (25 brain tumors and 4 with cerebrovascular diseases), a pathological EEG was found in 24 cases, pathological CT in 26 cases, pathological VEP in 10 of the 25 cases, pathological SEP in 10 cases out of 19. - Patients with pituitary tumors (chiasmatic tumors) showed pathological VEP and normal SEP due to compression of the visual pathway, and this correlated with the clinical site of the lesion, EEG and CT. - One patient with thalamic tumor showed pathological SEP and VEP due to affection of the somatic relay nucleus and the lateral geniculate body, this correlated with EEG and CT. - Patients with supratentorial tumors showed pathological SEP (absent cortical response), when there was cortical sensory loss and delayed conduction between N14-N20 when the posteior columns was affected. - Cases with infratentorial tumors showed pathological SEP only when there was affection of the ascending sensory pathway or the visual pathway. These cases showed pathological EEG and CT. - Cases with cerebrovascular disease showed pathological SEP when the lesion is at the thalamic level or affecting the thalamo-cortical pathway, evidenced clinically by cortical sensory loss or posterior column affection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Synaptic triggering of epileptiform discharges in Ca2 pyramidal cells in vitro.

Intra- and extracellular recordings were made in the transverse hippocampal slice in vitro to study the requirements for the triggering of epileptiform discharges of CA1 cells. Spontaneous and induced epileptiform discharges were produced by adding small amounts of sodium benzyl penicillin. Recorded intracellularly, the epileptiform activity consisted of a burst of action potentials superimposed on a depolarizing wave. Extracellular recordings demonstrated a marked synchronization. The epileptiform activity of the CA1 cells appeared without changes in the passive membrane properties or in the spike generating mechanism. Spontaneous epileptiform discharges of the CA2 cells depended upon a synaptic activation from the CA3 region. Stimulation of afferent fibres evoked an early and a late burst response in the CA2 cells. The long latency burst was caused by a re-excitation from the CA3 region. The early burst response seems to be an intrinsic property of the CA1 cells and may be induced by synaptic activation of either apical or basal dendrites. The findings suggest that synaptic depolarization is necessary for the generation of epileptiform discharges of the CA1 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Complications of cerebral angiography. Comparing metrizamide (Amipaque) and meglumine metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral).

The complications of cerebral angiography have been carefully recorded in 308 patients referred for cerebral angiography during one year, 1977--1978. The patients were randomly sampled for metrizamide or meglumine metrizoate as contrast medium according to a code list, and the two contrast media were compared using a double blind technique. The frequency of complications was the same for metrizamide and meglumine metrizoate. Metrizamide had the advantage that it caused no discomfort in selective external carotid angiography, while this was a problem with meglumine metrizoate. The study seemed to indicate that factors other than toxicity of the contrast medium are of major importance to explain the complications of cerebral angiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Combined activation of the EEG with brietal and pentetrazol.

A group of 101 activations with Brietal and Pentetrazol are reported. Although Brietal proved to be of value in the investigation of all forms of epilepsy, with 55% positive results, there remained groups of patients in whom there was still a call for greater diagnostic precision. Pentetrazol was tried in 21 of these patients with 66% positive activation. It was found that the two agents together were successful in 72% of the patients. Both also add valuable negative evidence in suspected functional fits.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Electroencephalography and computerized transaxial tomography in epilepsy diagnosis.

Over a 6-month period 89 patients with epileptic seizures were systematically examined by EEGs and CT. Forty-two percent of all cases showed pathological findings in CT compared to 89% with abnormal EEGs. CT is very useful in identifying organic lesions in the epileptic patient. CT identified 11 cases of supratentorial tumour which were correctly localized by EEG. In patients with seizures after trauma or encephalitis the EEG abnormalities were more than could be detected by CT. The EEG and CT findings in cerebrovascular disorders, alcoholism and other diseases are discussed. A remarkable result is the relatively high percentage of hydrocephalus (23%) in the group of cryptogenic epilepsy. Positive EEG findings as to epilepsy could be seen in 62% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cerebral angiography with non-ionic (metrizamide) and ionic (meglumine metrizoate) watersoluble contrast media. A comparative study with double blind technic.

The adverse effects of cerebral angiography with metrizamide and meglumine metrizoate were compared in 20 patients for each contrast medium using a double blind technic. Deterioration of the EEG and bradycardial reactions were seen more often with meglumine metrizoate than with metrizamide and these differences were statistically significant. Metrizamide also had a shorter circulation time, less influence on the blood pressure and EMG than meglumine metrizoate, but these differences were not statistically significant. The clinical examinations showed no difference in the minor adverse effects. One patient had transient hemiparesis and dysarthria after angiography with meglumine metrizoate but no serious complications were seen in the others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

EEG disturbances following myelography, cisternography and ventriculography with metrizamide.

Two types of EEG abnormalities were recorded after myelography, cisternography and ventriculography with metrizamide (Amipaque) in 292 patients. One, probably without clinical significance, occurred in the EEG of 36 patients as theta waves the following day. The other was of a more serious nature and was recorded as paroxysms of delta waves or spikes in the EEG of 11 patients minutes or some few hours after the myelography. One of these patients developed epileptic seizures.

Brain↗
PubMed1976

Metrizamide in radiography of the central nervous system. A preliminary report.

Metrizamide seems to be a suitable contrast medium for ventriculography and myelography. This contrast medium is less toxic and far less epileptogenic and spasmogenic than the other water-soluble contrast media in current use. No serious complications were noted in the present series. Transient changes in EEG were recorded, mainly with cervical myelographies. However, it is too early to evaluate the long-term side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Electrophysiological abnormalities in cases of dystrophia myotonica.

EMG, nerve conductions, repetitive nerve stimulation and SSEPs were studied in 14 patients with dystrophia myotonica. Fibrillation potentials were seen in two of these patients. Motor nerve conduction velocities of the medial popliteal nerve were decreased in 4 of the 13 patients studied. Three of these patients also showed decrease in the antidromic sensory conduction velocities. Motor conduction velocities of the lateral popliteal nerve were similarly reduced in four patients. Taking both the nerves into consideration, 6 of the 14 patients showed a decrease in the motor nerve conduction velocities of either, or both, of these nerves. Repetitive nerve stimulation showed abnormal responses in 13 of these 14 cases. SSEPs from stimulation of the lateral popliteal nerve showed increased latencies in three of the ten cases studied. Sensory conduction velocities as measured from SSEPs were decreased in three of the four cases. SSEPs for the medial popliteal nerve showed similar values. The significance of these abnormalities has been discussed.

Adult↗