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Biomedical subjects

A Lowenthal

Publications and source records attributed to A Lowenthal.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Brain primary culture-- a characterization (part II).

Brain primary cultures from newborn rat hemispheres have been further characterized. THe cultures contained the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAp; alpha-albumin), as analyzed quantitatively. GFAp (alpha-albumin) increased in concentration during growth of cultures and during maturation of the intact rat brain. FITC-labelled antibodies against GFAp (alpha-albumin) reacted specifically with astrocyte-like cells. Theses cells were also positive after Rio-Hortega's silver carbonate staining for astrocytes. No myelin basic protein (MBP) was detected in cultures, neither by quantitative measurements nor by immunofluorescent histochemistry. Negative results were also obtained for the myelin specific enzyme 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNP), e. e. the enzyme was at the same level in the cultures of different ages as in 3-day-old rat hemispheres. However, in rat brain increasing concentrations of MBP and CNP were found during maturation. This means that no myelin and thereby probably no or few differentiated oligodendroglial cells were present in the cultures, where the predominate cell type was of astroglial nature.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1982

Adrenomyeloneuropathy. A report on two families.

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is reported in two kindreds. In the first family, four male patients were affected: two adults with the full clinical picture but with a different chronology of the main symptoms, a third adult with central nervous system involvement and a child who died early with adrenal insufficiency. The second family included two male patients with AMN, one adult with raised ACTH levels and his nephew with normal adrenal function. Two other young males died with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), one being subjected to a postmortem study. Clinical, endocrinological, neurophysiological and pathological studies were performed. The following conclusions can be made (1) AMN and ALD are closely related entities; (2) there exists a considerable intrafamilial variability of the clinical picture; (3) AMN is to be included in the differential diagnosis of myelopathies and, conversely, signs of central nervous system damage must be sought in males patients with adrenal insufficiency; (4) electron microscopy of nerve twigs brings supportive diagnostic evidence pending the more widespread determination of the C26/C22 fatty acids ratios in cultured fibroblasts or plasma.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1982

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis antibodies against measles virus polypeptides.

Antibodies to measles virus proteins in SSPE, MS and control human sera were compared using measles virus strain Edmonston, productive SSPE strain Mantooth and non-productive SSPE strain DR. The viral antigens were subjected to transfer electrophoresis, incubated with sera and localized after a second incubation with peroxidase labeled immunoglobulins. High levels of antibodies to all measles viral proteins are present in SSPE sera and CSF and to a lesser degree in MS and control sera although the non-productive SSPE strains lack one viral protein (M protein) present in wild type measles virus strains and the productive SSPE strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Antibodies-restricted heterogeneity in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

An animal model which might help to study multiple sclerosis has long been sought. With chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE), the search seems to have brought hope and evidence of comparable pathology whether concerned with clinical or neuropathological results, but no study of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoretic pattern has been made so far. A new sensitive method enables to study the CSF proteins: unconcentrated CSF proteins after agar gel electrophoresis are stained with silver reagents. The silver technique allows to follow the evolution of the inflammatory reaction in chronic relapsing EAE as well as in the acute form of EAE. This technique provides an additional approach to the study of EAE and an argument in favor of chronic relapsing EAE in guinea pigs as a model for multiple sclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Glycine receptors in the human substantia nigra as defined by [3H]strychnine binding.

Specific [3H]strychnine binding was used to identify the glycine receptor macromolecular complex in human spinal cord, substantia nigra, inferior olivary nucleus, and cerebral cortex. In material from control patients a high-affinity KD (3--8 nM) was observed in the spinal cord and the substantia nigra, both the pars compacta and the pars reticulata. This is very similar to the values observed in the rat and bovine spinal cord (8 and 3 nM, respectively) and rat substantia nigra (12 nM). In the human brain the distribution of [3H]strychnine binding (at 10 nM) was: spinal cord = substantia nigra, pars compacta greater than substantia nigra, pars reticulata = inferior olivary nucleus greater than cerebral cortex. The binding capacity (Bmax) of the rat brain (substantia nigra or spinal cord) was approximately 10-fold that of the human brain. [3H]Strychnine binding was significantly decreased in the substantia nigra from Parkinson's disease patients, both in the pars compacta (67% of control) and the pars reticulata (50% of control), but not in the inferior olivary nucleus. The results were reproduced in preliminary experiment in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle. In the substantia nigra from patients who died with Huntington's disease, [3H]strychnine binding tended to be high (150% of control, NS) in both the pars compacta and the reticulata. [3H]Strychnine binding was unaltered in the substantia nigra of patients with senile dementia. Together with previous neurophysiological and neuropharmacological findings, those results support the hypothesis of glycine receptors occurring on dopamine cell bodies and/or dendrites in the substantia nigra.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serological identification of viral antigens after electrophoretic transfer.

The method described permits detection of specific antibodies to antigenic material, the protein components of which can first be separated by electrophoresis and then transferred to a supporting medium where their reactivity with antibody may be demonstrated using peroxidase-labelled anti-Ig. Results are described for measles virus and measles-like virus isolated from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) brain. Dilutions, incubation time and conditions, detection with peroxidase-labelled immunoglobulins and selection of substrate are described and discussed.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗