Adjuvant chemotherapy: correct advice.
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Colonic Neoplasms↗
Biomedical subjects
A Louie
Publications and source records attributed to A Louie.
Comparison of in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal activities of daptomycin (LY 146032) and four reference antibiotics, singly and in combination, against gentamicin-susceptible and high-level-gentamicin-resistant enterococci.
The in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal activities of daptomycin and reference antibiotics were determined by serial macrobroth dilution for 23 gentamicin-susceptible (MIC: < 2,000 mg/l) and 21 high-level-gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus avium isolates. The activities of daptomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin were independent of the gentamicin susceptibility profile and species tested. For all the isolates, the inhibitory activity of daptomycin (MIC90: 2 mg/l) was comparable to vancomycin (MIC90: 2 mg/l), but less than that of teicoplanin (MIC90: 0.5 mg/l). Daptomycin demonstrated excellent bactericidal activity against all enterococci tested (MBC90: 8 mg/l). In contrast, all microorganisms were tolerant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Ampicillin and ciprofloxacin MICs and MBCs were dependent on enterococcal gentamicin resistance profile and species, with MICs and MBCs that ranged between 1 and > 64 mg/l. By time-kill curves, the combination of daptomycin plus ampicillin demonstrated synergistic bactericidal activity against gentamicin-susceptible and HLGR E. faecalis. Daptomycin, singly and in combination, may be useful in treating enterococcal infections, including those caused by HLGR microorganisms.
Ampicillin↗
Outpatient subcutaneous interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha for metastatic renal cell cancer: five-year follow-up of the Cytokine Working Group Study.
PURPOSE: A phase II trial of outpatient subcutaneous (SC) interleukin-2 (rIL-2) plus interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha 2B) was performed in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer. A 5-year follow-up of that Cytokine Working Group study is presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients meeting eligibility criteria of previous Cytokine Working Group studies were treated on an outpatient basis with SC rIL-2 (Chiron, Emeryville, CA), 5 x 10(6) IU/m2/dose q 8 hr x 3, then daily, 5 days per week, and IFN-alpha 2B (Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ), 5 x 10(6) IU/m2/dose three times weekly for 4 weeks. After a 2- to 4-week break, patients were scheduled to continue treatment for up to six cycles. RESULTS: There were two complete and six partial responders (17% response rate, 95% CI: 8%-31%). Median duration of response was 12 months (range 1-49+ months), with complete responses of 15 and 49+ months. Responding sites of disease included lung, nodes, soft tissue, bone, and liver. Dose and schedule were adjusted to control toxicity at grade 2/3 levels, with 50% requiring dosage alterations. Grade 2/3 toxicity included fatigue, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, fluid overload, rash, CNS, injection site pain, chest pain/palpitations (including atrial fibrillation requiring treatment, two patients), and hypotension. Grade 4 toxicity included dehydration (seven patients), vomiting (one patient), and irreversible renal failure with crescentic glomerulonephritis requiring dialysis (one patient). CONCLUSION: SC rIL-2 plus IFN-a2B is tolerated in the outpatient setting with frequent dose adjustments. The overall response rate of this regimen is similar to that seen with high-dose rIL-2 alone; however, the response duration appears to be shorter.
Adult↗