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Biomedical subjects

A Longoni

Publications and source records attributed to A Longoni.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Right ventricular infarct and atrioventricular blocks].

Right ventricular infarction in inferior left ventricular infarction is very common. We have examined, by means of equilibrium gated radionuclide angiography, the relationship existing between right ventricular infarction and atrioventricular block. Seventy-two patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction were studied. Thirty-nine of them had ventriculographic evidence of right ventricular infarction. Fifteen of them (38%) had a-v block in the acute phase. Only 3 patients without right ventricular involvement (9%) had a-v block. The occurrence of a-v block is usually explained by the fact that the blood supply to the a-v node depends on the right coronary artery. In the patients with right ventricular involvement, the incidence of a-v block is high just because occlusion of the right coronary artery is proximal to the branch to the a-v node. However, the presence of collateral blood supply to the a-v node makes the occurrence of a-v node not so high as expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Topical benzyl alcohol reduces cataract surgery need: two long-term double blind studies.

Substances derived from biotransformation of non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) produced by patients responsive to the biological liquid oxidant activity (BLOA) test, have been shown to have anticataract activity. They are all aromatic alcohols with physico-chemical properties similar to benzyl alcohols (BA); they were very efficacious in preventing in vitro (cyanate, heat) cataracts and in vivo (uveitis, radiation, selenite) cataracts but had no effect on sugar cataracts. The mechanism underlying this effect seems to be mainly antioxidant together with a stabilizing effect on lens membrane integrity and a stimulating effect on Na-K ATPase and membrane sodium pump. The well balanced lipo- and hydro-solubility of these compounds makes them very suitable for topical application to the eye as lipid solubility is the major factor governing transcorneal penetration of drugs. In the two long-term double blind studies on humans described here, comparing BA, placebo and Catalin in the topical treatment of progressive cataract rapid (2-3 weeks treatment) reversal of incipient cataract was obtained accompanied by a marked improvement of vision and by a significantly lower percentage of eyes requiring surgery after 22 months treatment with BA than with placebo and Catalin. In conclusion, further studies on the effect on the eye of BA and similar compounds such as phenyl-ethanol are advisable especially because they are already used as preservatives in eye-drop formulations.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Mexiletine action on the specialized tissues of the human heart.

Electrophysiological properties of mexiletine (3 mg/kg i.v.) were studied in fifteen patients with various degrees of abnormalities in the specialized conduction system. Sinus cycle length was decreased in all patients; sinus node recovery time was increased in all patients, but the increment was not statistically significant. Atrial and atrioventricular (AV) nodal refractoriness were not modified. The relative refractory period of the His-Purkinje system was reduced in patients with normal intraventricular conduction on the surface electrocardiogram; no changes were noted in five patients with intraventricular conduction delay. In two patients, in whom AV nodal refractory period curves showed antegrade dual AV nodal pathways, mexiletine increased refractoriness of the fast pathway. This report points out that the drug is effective against arrhythmias sustained by a reentry mechanism, not only in the ventricles, but also in the AV node.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A multi-centre general practice study evaluating the efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen in common painful conditions.

An open, multi-centre study in general practice was carried out in 1842 patients presenting with non-serious painful conditions to assess the effectiveness and tolerance of ibuprofen. Patients received daily doses ranging from 400 mg to 2400 mg for up to 1 month; most took between 1200 mg and 1600 mg per day for about 1 week. Assessments of pain severity on a visual analogue scale showed that 82% of patients with moderate to severe pain derived benefit from treatment, the analgesic effect of a dose often lasting up to 6 hours. The best response was seen in patients with dysmenorrhoea and dental pain, and although headache was less responsive than other painful conditions the overall rate of positive results for this diagnosis reached 75% in the opinion of both physicians and patients. Approximately 14% of patients reported side-effects, mostly gastro-intestinal with abdominal pain predominating.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Controlled study on flurbiprofen and diclofenac in the treatment of rheumatic disorders.

Forty patients affected by various rheumatic disorders (mainly osteoarthritis) were treated with flurbiprofen (300 mg daily) or diclofenac (200 mg daily) in a two-week, parallel group, randomized trial. Both drugs were clinically effective in all the parameters except for fingertip-to-floor distance and ESR. Flurbiprofen proved to be more effective than diclofenac in reducing pain on movement (p less than 0.01) and number of swollen joints (p less than 0.05). The doctor's overall assessment favoured flurbiprofen (p less than 0.10). The incidence and severity of side-effects were low and similar with the two drugs.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1983

Steroid-sparing action of flurbiprofen and indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis: a nine-week study.

Thirty out-patients with rheumatoid arthritis aged from 3 yrs. (+/- 0.5 SEM) were included in a between-patient controlled trial comparing effectiveness and safety of flurbiprofen 300 mg daily and indomethacin 150 mg daily. The duration of the treatment was nine weeks. Both drugs allowed to reduce the initial dose of corticosteroids administered (-21% on flurbiprofen and -12% on indomethacin) and were effective in improving clinical signs of the disease such as number of swollen joints, grip strength, articular index and morning stiffness. Flurbiprofen was better tolerated (p less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral versus pharmacological treatments for essential hypertension: a pilot study.

This is the only study so far in which a behavioral treatment is compared with standard pharmacological treatments for essential hypertension. Three groups of five subjects each were compared: 1. pharmacological treatment; 2. relaxation treatment (autogenic training); 3. the combination. The group given antihypertensive medication was significantly more improved (as determined by blood pressure decrease) by the fourth quarter of the treatment as compared with the relaxation treatment or with the combination. This advantage for routine amounts of antihypertensive medications vs. behavioral treatments is consistent with the only other data from a similar comparison that is available [1].

Adult↗