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Biomedical subjects

A Linde

Publications and source records attributed to A Linde.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Efficacy and safety of vaccination of marrow transplant recipients with a live attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.

Long-term immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses was studied in 57 patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Among patients who were seropositive at the time of transplant, 51% had retained antibodies to measles, 42% had retained antibodies to mumps, and 76% had retained antibodies to rubella 2 y later. There was no difference in the ability to retain antibodies to these viruses between patients with and those without chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Twenty seronegative patients without active chronic GVHD or ongoing immunosuppressive treatment were vaccinated with a live attenuated trivalent vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella. No early or late side effects were detected after the vaccinations. The percentages of patients who seroconverted after vaccination were 77%, 64%, and 75% for measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively. Vaccination of transplant recipients with a live attenuated vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella is safe and usually effective 2 y after transplant if the patients do not have active chronic GVHD or ongoing immunosuppressive treatment at the time of vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Chronic infectious mononucleosis; a case report.

A 39-year-old woman had an adenitis colli followed by anaemia, splenomegaly, atypical lymphoid cells in blood with increased B-lymphocytes, reduced T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells, increased polyclonal IgM, high titres of EB VCA IgG, EB EA IgD&R +/- and EBNA IgG-. The disease progressed slowly for 2 years, splenectomy was followed by clinical improvement; spleen morphology was compatible with a benign disease of viral origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Antiviral IgM and IgG subclasses in varicella zoster associated neurological syndromes.

The varicella zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) IgGl-4 subclasses were compared in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 22 patients with VZV-associated neurological symptoms, 12 patients with HSV-associated neurological symptoms and 14 controls. The clinical syndromes of the VZV-associated diseases comprised meningo-encephalitis, myelitis, myelopathies and polyneuropathies, mostly with a favourable outcome. A characteristic finding was an intrathecal synthesis of VZV IgG1 and HSV-3. Commonly also IgG2 and 4 were seen in CSF of VZV patients. Their intrathecally synthesised HSV IgG was restricted to IgG1. VZV IgG3 occurred in serum and/or CFS together with VZV IgM in 14 cases and may be a marker of recent VZV replication. In patients with HSV-associated neurological disease, a multi-IgG subclass HSV response and concomitant VZV antibodies restricted to IgG1 was found. Intrathecal synthesis of both HSV and VZV IgG occurred in 20 patients. Detection of two or more VZV or HSV specific IgG subclasses synthesised intrathecally identified the aetiological agent in 19 of these 20 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlation between cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma gondii serology and lymphocyte phenotypes in peripheral blood and cord blood.

Increased numbers of peripheral blood HNK1+ lymphocytes have been reported in transplant recipients, hemophilia patients treated with clotting factor concentrates, and HIV carriers. Our previous work has revealed a significant effect of cytomegalovirus (CMV) carrier status on HNK1+ lymphocytes. Since other antigenic stimuli may be also involved, we compared the effects of Toxoplasma gondii and CMV carrier status on lymphocyte subsets as defined by the CD3 and HNK1 markers in 288 healthy individuals. In contrast to CMV, T gondii carrier status had no significant effects on the CD3+, HNK1+ and CD3-, HNK1+ lymphocyte subsets. That result may be explained by the different relationships between these 2 microorganisms and their hosts. We also studied the effect of maternal CMV carrier status on the HNK1 expression by their offsprings' cord blood lymphocytes. None of the 100 newborns studied had serological evidence of congenital CMV infection. There were only few HNK1+ lymphocytes in the cord bloods, of which the majority was CD3-, and their proportions were not significantly influenced by maternal CMV carrier status. Since there has been probably no direct contact between maternal CMV and the newborns' immune systems, we suggest that the effect of CMV on the HNK1+ lymphocytes of its carriers, results from a direct interaction between virus or virus-infected cells and the immune system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Mineral induction by polyanionic dentin and bone proteins at physiological ionic conditions.

Polyanionic proteins of calcified tissues have been postulated to provide calcium ion-binding sites which initiate mineral formation, even though it is known that such proteins in solution may inhibit apatite induction and growth. In the studies reviewed here, it was shown that minute amounts of non-collagenous macromolecules from dentin and bone, such as phosphoprotein and proteoglycan, are capable to induce apatite at physiological ion concentrations in vitro, when immobilized on a stable support.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Pretransplant herpes virus serology and chronic graft-versus-host disease.

The influence of pretransplant herpes virus antibodies in patients and donors in the subsequent development of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was analysed in 150 consecutive HLA identical bone marrow recipients. The Cox regression bivariate analysis showed that (i) pretransplant seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the patients and the donors, (ii) donor seropositivity for herpes simplex virus and Epstein-Barr virus, (iii) high donor and patient age, (iv) a previous grade II-IV acute GVHD, (v) patients receiving unirradiated donor buffy coat cells post-transplant, (vi) overall CMV infection, (vii) high donor herpes virus load (positive serology for 3-4 herpes viruses versus 0-2), and (viii) high recipient herpes virus load prior to BMT were all associated with a high incidence of chronic GVHD. In Cox regression multivariate analysis, high pretransplant donor herpes virus load (p less than 0.001) and a previous grade II-IV acute GVHD (p = 0.02) were the strongest predictors of chronic GVHD. Thus, herpes virus immune cells in the donated marrow may play a role in the pathophysiology of chronic GVHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Generation of new bone around titanium implants using a membrane technique: an experimental study in rabbits.

Insufficient bone volume may be a significant problem in connection with dental implants. In this study, a technique based on the principle of guided tissue regeneration was tested for its ability to generate bone tissue around titanium implants. Implants were inserted in tibiae of rabbits. To create a secluded space for osteogenesis and to prevent soft-tissue ingrowth, a porous Teflon membrane was placed around exposed parts of the implant. Where a membrane had been used, the threads of the implant were completely covered with significant amounts of new bone. This study indicates that the membrane technique is a reconstructive surgical method that may be applicable to create new bone around exposed parts of titanium implants in a clinical setting.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Specific IgG subclass reactivity in herpes simplex encephalitis.

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 19 patients with a previous diagnosis of herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE), from 14 patients with a previous diagnosis of non HSVE encephalitis and from 21 healthy subjects were examined to detect IgG subclasses 1-4 reactive with herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). Antibodies to HSV were detected in CSF and serum from the 14 HSVE-patients with a reactivated HSV infection and from 3 of the 5 patients with a primary HSV infection. The predominant subclass pattern was an early HSV-specific IgG1 rise, followed by IgG3 and, more seldom, IgG4; HSV IgG2 was rarely seen. In HSVE patients, HSV IgG3 was absent in early samples and usually appeared 10-20 days after onset of disease. In 14 out of 16 seropositive healthy controls, on the other hand, HSV IgG3 was present in the CSF. Rising VZV IgG levels in serum and CSF were found in 11 HSVE patients. Eight of them showed signs of intrathecal VZV IgG1 synthesis. The VZV IgG reactivity was restricted to IgG1 in 7 of these whereas the HSV IgG subclass response also included IgG3 or 4. The appearance of several HSV IgG subclasses appeared to serve as a marker of HSV infection in spite of the serological VZV reaction, usually restricted to VZV IgG1. Intrathecal synthesis of the quantitatively minor HSV IgG3 and 4 subclasses was detected earlier than intrathecal synthesis of total HSV IgG, dominated by IgG1 in 4 patients with HSVE.

Encephalitis↗
PubMed1988

Induction and inhibition of hydroxyapatite formation by rat dentine phosphoprotein in vitro.

Highly phosphorylated rat incisor phosphoprotein (PP-H) was purified and covalently attached to agarose beads. The beads were incubated for 24 h in solutions having an ionic strength of 0.165, a molar Ca/P ratio of 1.67, and a pH of 7.4. The calcium-phosphate concentration products [( Ca][P]) in the stable incubation solutions ranged from 1.0 to 1.8 mM2, from which no spontaneous precipitation occurred. In a timed series mineral formation was monitored by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The inhibitory capacity of PP-H, free solution, was also studied. The first mineral appeared after 10 min at a [Ca][P] product as low as 1.2 mM2; X-ray diffraction showed that the mineral was (hydroxy)apatite. Thus small amounts of PP-H attached to a surface are capable of inducing mineral formation in vitro at comparatively low supersaturation, whereas PP-H is a mineral inhibitor when free in solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

IgG subclass distribution of antiviral antibodies in common variable immunodeficiency: effect of substitution therapy.

Immunoglobulin G subclass titers to three herpesviruses (herpes simplex; HSV; cytomegalovirus, CMV; varicella zoster virus, VZV) were examined in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) before and after immunoglobulin substitution. Like healthy controls, CVI patients expressed IgG1 and IgG3 to HSV and CMV, but only IgG1 to VZV. Individual titers varied as in healthy individuals, but as a mean, specific IgG titers were lowered in proportion to the decrease of total IgG. HSV and CMV IgG3 titers were relatively higher than the IgG1 titers in CVI patients, resulting in a lower IgG1/IgG3 ratio than in healthy individuals (P = 0.025 and 0.05, respectively). The high IgG3 titers in CVI patients could be due to subclinical reactivations of HSV and CMV in these patients. Low VZV IgG1 and absence of IgG3 could explain the increased frequency of zoster infections reported in CVI patients. After immunoglobulin substitution, herpesvirus-specific IgG1 titers increased while HSV and CMV IgG3 decreased or remained stationary. In two unsubstituted patients, HSV and CMV titers remained stationary during 1 and 5 years, respectively, while an increase of VZV IgG1 and IgG3 indicated VZV reactivation although the patients remained asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

IgG antibodies to human herpesvirus-6 in children and adults and in primary Epstein-Barr virus infections and cytomegalovirus infections [corrected].

Antibody titers against human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) were determined in 80 healthy adults and 100 children and teenagers from Sweden to gain information on the role of the virus and its epidemiology. Based on a positive immunofluorescence titer of 1:10 and above, about 85% of the adults and children were seropositive with 60% seropositivity of children below age one year. Titers were generally higher in patients with simultaneous EBV or CMV infection, yet crossreactivity appeared essentially no problem. HHV-6 thus is ubiquitous like other herpesviruses. Primary infection seems to occur early in life, and reactivation or delayed primary infection may be associated with a variety of disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Combination ELISAs for antiviral antibodies in CSF and serum in patients with neurological symptoms and in healthy controls.

A combination enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was designed to improve the estimation of serum: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antiviral IgG ratios. Microplate wells were coated with five different virus antigens. Serum and CSF from 66 patients referred for CSF serology and from 21 healthy controls were studied. In a comparison with serum: CSF IgG titre ratios, absorbance ratios were found to be suitable for the evaluation of intrathecal antiviral IgG synthesis. A slight blood-brain barrier (BBB) disturbance affected only the passage of albumin over the BBB, whereas a more pronounced BBB defect resulted in increased IgG levels in the CSF. Intrathecal antiviral IgG synthesis was demonstrated in 15 patients with viral CNS infections or inflammatory diseases. Very high serum: CSF antiviral IgG titre ratios and absorbance ratios, found in six patients, were interpreted as signs of diminished IgG passage over the BBB due to impaired CSF circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative assessment of collagen crosslinks in dissected predentin and dentin.

Dentinogenesis offers a unique system for the study of changes in collagen structure occurring simultaneously with mineralization. Bovine dentin was found to contain about one reducible crosslink per collagen molecule; rat dentin contained twice this amount. In contrast, bovine dentin contained twice as much pyridinium crosslink as did rat dentin collagen. These results indicate that the collagen in rat teeth is less mature and again emphasize the difference in composition between the organic matrices of rat and bovine dentin. In dissected bovine predentin, the unmineralized precursor of dentin, the content of reducible crosslinks was almost double that of dentin. Only minute amounts of non-reducible crosslinks were found in predentin, whereas both pyridinoline and deoxy-pyridinoline were present in collagen from mineralized dentin. The observed differences in crosslinking between predentin and dentin of the same teeth may indicate some alterations within the area of mineralization.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Healing of bone defects by guided tissue regeneration.

In this study we describe a principle for the accomplishment of bone regeneration based on the hypothesis that different cellular components in the tissue have varying rates of migration into a wound area during healing. By a mechanical hindrance, using a membrane technique, fibroblasts and other soft connective-tissue cells are prevented from entering the bone defect so that the presumably slower-migrating cells with osteogenic potential are allowed to repopulate the defect. Defects of standard size were created bilaterally through the mandibular angles of rats. On one side of the jaw the defect was covered with Teflon membranes, whereas the defect on the other side served as control. Histologic analysis after healing demonstrated that on the test (membrane) side, half the number of animals showed complete bone healing after 3 weeks and all animals showed complete healing after 6 weeks. Little or no sign of healing was evident on the control side even after an observation period of 22 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pretransplant herpesvirus serology and acute graft-versus-host disease.

Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of pretransplant herpesvirus antibodies, in both patients and donors, on the development of acute graft-versus-host disease in 111 consecutive HLA-identical bone marrow recipients. In bivariate analysis, recipient seropositivity for cytomegalovirus (P = 0.01), donor seropositivity for herpes simplex virus (P = 0.02), and low bone marrow cell dosage (P less than 0.05) were associated with a high incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD. In multivariate analysis the P values were P less than 0.05 for a positive recipient CMV serology and P = 0.07 for a positive donor HSV serology. Positive serology for 1-2 herpes-viruses among recipients or donors both resulted in a 12% incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD. Positive serology for 3-4 herpesviruses among patients or donors resulted in an incidence of 32% and 38% of acute GVHD, respectively (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that recipient and donor pretransplant herpesvirus immunity can be used to calculate the risk of moderate-to-severe acute GVHD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Na+/Ca2+ antiports in membranes of rat incisor odontoblasts.

When incubated in the presence of Na+ ions, dissected rat incisor odontoblasts extruded Ca2+ ions, as detected by tetracycline fluorimetry. Also odontoblast mitochondria, obtained by subcellular fractionation and monitored by ion-specific mini-electrode technique, were found to extrude Ca2+ upon addition of Na+ ions. These findings demonstrate the presence of Na+/Ca2+ antiports in the odontoblast plasma membrane as well as in the odontoblast mitochondrial inner membrane. In addition, evidence was found for an ATP-dependent Ca2+ ion extrusion across the plasma membrane in these cells.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗