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Biomedical subjects

A Leth

Publications and source records attributed to A Leth.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Changes in plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume after addition of prazosin to propranolol treatment in patients with hypertension.

In fifteen patients with hypertension, inadequately controlled during treatment with propranolol alone (mean dosage 333 mg/day), plasma volume (PV) and extracellular fluid volume (ECV) were determined. After addition of prazosin for 3 months (mean dosage 9 mg/day) there was a significant increase in PV and ECV, on average 8 and 5%, respectively. The decrease in supine blood pressure, systolic as well as diastolic, was very modest, on average 11 mmHg (SD +/- 12) and 4 mmHg (SD +/- 7), respectively. The changes in standing blood pressure were more pronounced. It is assumed that the expansion of PV and ECV contributes to the inadequate blood pressure response found in the present study.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Changes in plasma volume and extracellular fluid volume and after addition of hydralazine to propranolol treatment in patients with hypertension.

In 16 patients with hypertension, BP could not be controlled satisfactorily by treatment with propranolol alone (mean dosage 325 mg/day). Plasma volume (PV) (T-1824) and extracellular fluid volume (ECV) (82Br-distribution space) were determined in these patients before and after the addition of hydralazine for three months (mean dosage 135 mg/day). After the addition of hydralazine, PV and ECV increased significantly, by 9% and 3%, respectively. Systolic and diastolic BPs decreased, by 15% and 13%. The mechanisms inducing fluid retention during treatment with hydralazine and the clinical significance of the problem are discussed. It is concluded that the addition of a diuretic to propranolol-hydralazine treatment is often well indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The prognosis in Ebstein's disease of the heart. Long-term follow-up of 22 patients.

A follow-up study of 22 patients with Ebstein's anomaly has been performed. Nine patients died 1-21 years (mean 9) after the initial admission while the 13 patients alive at the end of the observation period had been followed for 5-26 years (mean 15). Clinical, ECG, radiological, and haemodynamic features were analyzed with reference to their prognostic significance. The presence or absence of cyanosis due to right-to-left shunt through an atrial septal defect (ASD) distinguished best between a good and poor prognosis. Right-sided heart failure and dyspnoea at rest, often associated with palpitations, precordial pains and syncopes, were grave prognostic findings. After the initial signs of heart failure there was a rapid deterioration, death ensuing within a few years. Operation with insertion of a prosthetic valve (and closure of the ASD) should be seriously considered at the appearance of heart failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Myocardiopathy in Duchenne progressive muscular dystrophy.

In a retrospective study of hospital and autopsy records of 19 male subjects with the Duchenne type of progressive muscular dystrophy the incidence of cardiac involvement of the heart almost invariably develop heart failure; an early sign may be persistent tachycardia and, possibly, electrocardiographic changes, in case of which institution of digitalis treatment should be considered. Cardiac and pulmonary complications were equally frequent causes of death (42%) but, death from cardiac complication occurred only patients with Duchenne progressive muscular dystrophy very often develop cardiac complications, and when relating the available information on treatment to the autopsy findings it should be stressed that early and intensive therapy of the cardiac symptoms is of the greatest importance to the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Changes in the ratio of plasma to intersitiial fluid volume during long-term antihypertensive therapy.

Based on determinations of plasma (T-1824)(PV) and extracellular fluid volumes (82Br- distribution space) (ECFV), the PV/IF ratio (IF=ECFV.PV) was calculated three times with a 1-week interval between determinations in untreated patients with essential hypertension. During treatment with hydrochlorothiazide (13 males and 8 females), hydrochlorothiazide-triamterne (5 males and 5 females), hydrochlorothiazide-alpha-methyldopa (7 males and 4 females), and propranolol (6 males and 4 females), PV/IF was determined after 2 to 6 months of treatment. PV/IF was significantly reduced during hydrochlorothiazide treatment (delta PV/IF:--0.011, S.D.: 0.011, p is less than 0.001) and propranolol treatment (delta PV/IF:--0.017, S.D.: 0.022, p is less than 0.05), remained unchanged during hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene treatment and increased significantly during hydrochlorothiazide-alpha-methyldopa treatment (deltaPV/IF: .013, S.D.: 0.015, p is less than 0.05). There was a negative correlation between PV/IF and mean blood pressure during hydrochlorothiazide treatment (r:--0.49, n: 21, p is less than 0.05 (and hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene treatment (r:--0.79, n: 10, p is less than 0.01), whereas no correlation was found during treatment with hydrochlorothiazide-alpha-methyldopa or propranolol. Correlation between mean blood pressure and the individual volumes was not observed nor was there any correlation between changes in the parameters investigated. It is concluded that PV/IF is more accurately correlated to mean blood pressure than are the individual volumes and that, during long-term antihypertensive treatment, PV/IF will reflect changes in the tone of the capacitance vessels and the venous resistance vessels, resulting in a changed equilibrium between the intravascular and the interstitial volumes. It is suggested that the reduction in PV/IF during thiazide and propranolol therapy is related to a relative increase in venoconstrictor sympathetic activity whereas the increase in PV/IF by alpha-methyldopa is caused by decreased sympathetic tone and venodilation.

Antihypertensive Agents↗