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Biomedical subjects

A Leroy

Publications and source records attributed to A Leroy.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
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[Anorectal stenosis caused by suppositories of dextropropoxyphene and paracetamol (Diantalvic)].

Occasionally, administration of medical substances per annum may result in serious local lesions. The authors report the case of a 58 year-old woman presenting ulcerative and stenosing lesions of the anal canal which led to abdominoperineal resection. History revealed the administration of two suppositories daily, each containing an association of dextropropoxyphene and paracetamol, during seven years because of a cervical pain. Fourteen similar cases have been found in the literature, underlining the difficulties in clinical and pathological diagnosis. The exact mechanism of these lesions remains unknown.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metastasis of Entamoeba histolytica compared to colon cancer: one more step in invasion.

The multistep invasion process of metastasis is a well-conserved mechanism of normal symbiosis and pathogenic parasitosis. To illustrate this statement, we have compared cellular and molecular aspects of metastasis from colon cancer and enteric amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Both types of pathogenic cell, cancer cells and amebic trophozoites, follow the same metastatic route for the liver and other organs. Both establish invasion microecosystems implicating similar kinds of host cells and molecules belonging to closely related families. We have recently found indications that molecules released by trophozoites immediately after adhesion to epithelial monolayers bind to elements of the epithelial intercellular junctions. This phenomenon may lead to the functional disturbance of these junctions. Down-modulation of cell-cell adhesion molecules promotes invasion of colon cancer and other cancer cells. It is our opinion that comparative studies of apparently unrelated systems may reveal cellular and molecular mechanisms of invasion and metastasis that are of general biological importance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dose optimization of gallium chloride, orally administered, in combination with platinum compounds.

An individual dose adaptation for cisplatin (CDDP), etoposide and gallium chloride (GaCl3) was proposed to improve the efficacy of this combination chemotherapy and avoid its toxicity. A clinical study was performed in 28 non small cell lung cancer patients, to verify this hypothesis. CDDP and etoposide were administered as continuous infusions every 3 weeks and GaCl3 orally during and between the CDDP-etoposide sequential infusions. CDDP doses were adjusted to achieve, during each 5 day infusion, an area under the total plasma platinum concentrations versus time curve (AUC Pt 0-120) ranging between 80,000 and 100,000 micrograms/l.h. Etoposide dosages were 120 mg/24 h during days 1-3 of the CDDP infusion. GaCl3 dosages were adjusted to obtain plasma gallium (Ga) concentrations ranging between 200 and 400 micrograms/l. The proposed methods of adaptation were successful from a pharmacokinetic point of view as AUC Pt 0-120 were respectively 81351 +/- 4788, 88268 +/- 8451 and 88331 +/- 8778 micrograms/l.h during the first 3 courses, and plasma Ga concentrations, determined during the 2nd and 3rd CDDP courses, 16 hours after the beginning of the CDDP infusion, were respectively 264 +/- 127 and 313 +/- 186 micrograms/l. However, these results were not pharmacodynamically successful and the therapeutic window was not confirmed. Past clinical trials with GaCl3 will be reviewed, as well as the factors which modify the pharmacokinetics or the pharmacodynamic effects of CDDP and GaCl3. From this review, an optimal dosage of 400 mg GaCl3 could be proposed to potentiate a combination chemotherapy with a platinum compound. The target AUC of the platinum compound should be the AUC avoiding its cumulative toxicity.

Administration, Oral↗