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Biomedical subjects

A Lemaire

Publications and source records attributed to A Lemaire.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Hyperprolactinemia and sexual function in men.

Male hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) is known to induce different types of sexual dysfunctions. In order to determine the incidence of HPRL among patients referred for sexual dysfunction, serum prolactin (PRL) was assayed in 1053 clinically idiopathic cases. Among 850 cases complaining of erectile impotence, 10 with marked HPRL (1.1%, PRL above 35 ng/ml) were found, of whom 6 cases were associated with a pituitary adenoma. 17 mild HPRL (2%, PRL 20-35 ng/ml) were also found. Among 124 cases with premature ejaculation, 13 (10%) mild HPRL were found. Serum PRL was normal in 51 cases complaining of an ejaculation without orgasm, and 27 patients exclusively complaining of reduced sexual desire. Our results lay stress on the fact that serum PRL must be assayed in every case of clinically idiopathic erectile impotence. Indeed, 5 of the 10 marked HPRL patients would have been misdiagnosed if we had only assayed this hormone when plasma testosterone was below the normal range. Moreover, in order to shed some light on the mechanisms by which HPRL disturbs male sexual function, the sexual behaviour of 17 markedly HPRL males was compared to their serum levels of PRL and testosterone, first before treatment, then at regular intervals during treatment. Our main conclusion is that impotence cannot be totally explained by a decrease in plasma testosterone, because this steroid hormone was within the normal range 7 of the 16 impotent patients. Moreover, when serum PRL was lowered by bromocriptine, 6 patients recovered their potency before plasma testosterone clearly increased, and in 3 of those patients before it reached the normal range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Medical treatment of hyperprolactinemia.

The current treatment of choice for primary hyperprolactinemia is medical. This is true not only for idiopathic forms, but also for micro- and macroprolactinomas, which are the most frequent causes of this pathology. Although questioned by some authors, the slow evolution of the illness, the rarity of transformation of a microadenoma into a macroadenoma, and the possibility of spontaneous cure cause most authors to favor medical treatment, with which they observe both normalization of gonadal function and tumor regression. By retrospective analysis of 95 hyperprolactinemic patients (72 women and 23 men including 26 cases of suspected microadenoma and 44 macroadenomas) treated with 3 dopamine agonists (bromocriptine, metergoline and CU 32085) between 1975 and 1983, and with the help of large series published in the literature, we have tried to review the present knowledge of this subject. After a quick review of different medications, we will consider their prolactin-suppressing effects, their influences upon gonadal and gonadotropic functions, and their antitumoral action. More specific problems will then be discussed: side effects, resistance, possibility of cure, the evolution of the prolactinoma, the place of medical therapy relative to surgery, and contraception in association with dopaminergics.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of estrogen priming effects with body weight restoration effects on the gonadotropin pattern of patients with anorexia nervosa.

Plasma estradiol (E2), serum LH and FSH, and the gonadotropin response to two consecutive LHRH administrations (10 and 100 micrograms with an interval of 2 h) were determined in 19 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) at the emaciation phase, before and after estradiol benzoate (E2B) injections (3 micrograms/kg/day for 7 days). The same investigations were repeated after weight restoration in 9 AN patients who remained amenorrheic. Both at the emaciation phase and after weight restoration, E2B enhanced the second LH response to LHRH and decreased serum FSH, suggesting that the functional capacities of the pituitary gonadotrophs are normal in AN. Unlike E2B injections, weight restoration increased all the hormone values, suggesting that the weight restoration effects on the abnormal gonadotropin secretory pattern of AN depend on another mechanism than the E2 lowering. That mechanism is probably a disorder of the hypothalamic LHRH secretion, the consequences of which could be reinforced by the low E2 levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Increased sperm count in 25 cases of idiopathic normogonadotropic oligospermia following treatment with tamoxifen.

Twenty-five subfertile men, all presenting with idiopathic normogonadotropic oligospermia, were treated with tamoxifen (20 mg/day) for 4 to 12 months. Semen analysis was performed twice before treatment and at least twice after 3 to 12 months of treatment. In 14 patients, serum luteinizing hormone (LH), serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and plasma testosterone (T) were assayed before treatment, then again after 2 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment. Semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm morphologic characteristics were not modified by tamoxifen. Conversely, a twofold increase of both the mean sperm concentration and the mean total sperm count per ejaculate was observed during treatment (P less than 0.001). Mean values of T, LH, and FSH increased during treatment, but the difference was only significant for T (P less than 0.001) and FSH (P less than 0.05). Ten pregnancies (40% of cases) were reported during the 161 months of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Profile of gonadal hormones in 8 cases of male anorexia nervosa studied before and during weight gain].

Hormonal investigations were performed in 8 cases of male anorexia nervosa at the time of their maximum emaciation. In 6 cases, these investigations were repeated during weight gain. At the time of the maximum emaciation, serum testosterone (T) was decreased in every case. Mean values of serum T, estradiol (E2), LH and FSH were significantly lower than those of controls with a comparable age and a normal weight. Four times out of five serum gonadotropins did not increase after LHRH injection. During weight gain, values of T, E2, LH, FSH and the gonadotropins' response to LHRH increased. T values and the corpulence index were significantly correlated (p less than 0,001), though these 2 parameters did not constantly change in a parallel way. Thus, male anorexia nervosa is associated with a severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This hypogonadism results from weight loss, but also from other factors, especially psychosomatic ones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Blood prolactin in 845 cases of clinically idiopathic sexual dysfunction].

Serum prolactin levels were measured in 845 subjects presenting with clinically idiopathic sexual dysfunction, including impotence, premature or defective ejaculation and frigidity in women. Stimulation tests using thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and sulpiride were performed in 80 men. One p. cent of impotent subjects had high serum prolactin levels associated with pituitary adenoma in 4/5 cases; 2.2% of impotent men, 10% of men with premature ejaculation and 5.6% of frigid women had moderate hyperprolactinaemia (50 ng/ml), probably not responsible for the sexual disorder. Mean serum prolactin levels were slightly below normal values (p less than 0.05) in impotent subjects. The results of stimulation tests were normal in all but one case. The mean area under the TRH response curve was moderately reduced in subject with impotence or defective ejaculation (p less than 0,05). The present study suggests that serum prolactin levels should be systematically measured in subjects with sexual impotence.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Lack of correlations between penile thermography and pelvic arteriography in 29 cases of erectile impotence.

We studied 29 cases of penile impotence to determine whether thermography could be used to screen for cases of vascular origin and, therefore, candidates for arteriography. Sixteen thermographic parameters were used to compare 3 groups of patients having normal, mildly altered and severely stenotic arteries on arteriography of the aortic bifurcation and selective catheterization of the hypogastric arteries. The averages of these parameters were computed for each of the 3 groups, and 104 comparisons then were made using student's t test. A significant difference was found between 2 groups in only 2 of the comparisons (p less than 0.05) and no threshold for significant differences was found. Penile thermography did not correlate with pelvic arteriography and does not appear useful in the selection of candidates for arteriography.

Adult↗