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Biomedical subjects

A Lellouch

Publications and source records attributed to A Lellouch.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Autonomic influences and cardiac conduction in patients with sinus node disease.

18 patients with sinus bradycardia (8 SB) and tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome (10 TBS) were investigated using various vagan reflex manoeuvres, atrial pacing (AP), pharmacological tests and His bundle (HB) recordings, to assess autonomic influences, sinus node function and atrioventricular (AV) conduction. Three types of responses (R) were defined as normal (N), supernormal (SN), poor autonomic (PA). Poor reflex responses to vagal manoeuvres, performed in 12 patients, have no statistical significance. MxCSRT at AP suppression was measured in 13 patients: it was normal (less than or equal to 500 msec) in 8 and increased (from 680 to 4,200 msec) in 5 patients with appearance of junctional escapes. Moreover, AP suppression revealed a sinoatrial block (SAB) in 1 patient with normal MxCSRT. Isoprenaline, administered intravenously (3-6 mug) in 9 patients, showed 4 NR, 3 PAR und 2 SNR (unusual sinus tachycardia, 1; atrial fibrillation, 1). Atropine (0.5-1 mg), used in 15 patients, revealed 5 PAR and 1 SNR. Prostigmine (0.5 mg), used in 11 patients, induced 6 NR and 5 PAR. Lanatosid C (0.08 mg), administered in 16 patients, showed 10 NR, 5 PAR and 1 SNR. Finally, ajmaline (100 mg), given in 13 patients, revealed 5 junctional rhythms and one 2:1 SAB. HB recorded in 17 patients showed an increase of AH interval (greater than 140 msec) in 5 patients and a slight increase (60 msec) of HV interval in 2 patients. Three patients developed 2nd-degree AV block at paced rates greater than or equal to 110/min. Abnormal responses at AP suppression and reduced drug responses were noted in 5 patients suffering from Adam-Stokes attacks; a permanent pacemaker was inserted in 4 of these 5 patients. In conclusion, provocative tests, in 18 patients with SB or TBS, suggest a diffuse process disease involving the autonomic function of both sinus node and AV junction (11 patients) and the AV system (6 patients). These immediate results must be correlated with histological findings in the conduction system, as shown in one of our cases previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Results of 79 hepatic biopsies in untreated bacillary pleurs pulmonary tuberculosis patients].

The authors report 79 needle biopsies of the liver, using a Menghini needle, carried out as routine in untreated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive sputum. Apart from the histological study, the authors carried out, in 30 cases, a bacteriological study of the liver fragment. The bacteriological and histological results are reported here in detail, then compared with those in the world literature. No significant correlation was found between the histological type of the suggestive hepatic lesions, e.g. follicular appearances or appearances of nodular küpferian hyperplasia and the radioclinical variety of pulmonary tuberculosis, e.g. parenchymatous, pleural or miliary. The authors emphasize the significance of each type of pathological lesion encountered, in particular, the appearance of nodular küpferian hyperplasia or intralobular, lymphohistiocytic islets, which seem to them remarkable by their relative frequency and their chararacter fairly suggestive of tuberculosis. In spite of the low number of pathological appearances obtained in these liver biopsies, the present study nevertheless permitted a few interesting conclusions on the blood spread of the tubercle bacillus and the significance of changes in the Küpfer system during common pulmonary tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Grmek, the "thunderbolt", "thunder-clapp" (as testimony)].

The paper details how the author (who was a young physician) met, ... by a mere chance. Prof. Grmek a "Sorbonne", in November 1978, how he felt the "Leçons du Jeudi" at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (Fourth Section : "Historical and Philological Sciences"). Grmek was both Croatian and French. Other testimonies are given coming from the disciple (who had Prof. Grmek as director of thesis at Paris I - Panthéon - Sorbonne, in 1986) and coming also from Prof. Vera Gavrilovic (Serbia) who met Grmek when he as in "Yugoslavia". Grmek's quotings and photographies, devoted to this exceptional searcher in the field of History of Medicine and History of Sciences, are reported and showed.

Croatia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gerontology and endocrinology at the beginning of the 20th century: Dr. Voronoff (1866-1951)].

Rejuvenation by monkey testicle transplanting was terribly fashionable in Paris, between years 1925-1930. The manual miracles done by a group of very well-known surgeons, in Paris, (especially Serge Voronoff and Dartigues) rooted in the head of a too credulous public the idea according to it was possible to be made scientifically younger by genital graftings. The "Etude sur la vieillesse et la rajeunissement par la greffe" (1926), written by Voronoff, provided the clinical, histological and iconographical proofs of a such rejuvenation. The paper analyses that was put forward as "proofs", situated in the scientific and cultural context of the time. A possible link between youth, sexual vigour and animality sends back to a mythic history of gerontology and endocrinology, two medical fields which however became scientific specialties in the beginning of the twentieth century.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Charcot, discoverer of diseases].

Nowadays, one hundred years following Charcot's death (1893), neurologists remember his original contributions in the field of neurological disorders. The aim of this work is to assess the extraordinary Charcot's ability to create new diseases outside the field of neurology, mainly in internal medicine and in geriatric disorders. A good way to evaluate his abilities is to compare the state of medical knowledge before and after Charcot. Before, "chronic rheumatic disease" was not distinguished from gout and shaking falsy was confused with other tremors occurring in the elderly. Among vascular cerebral diseases ("apoplexy"), physicians could not recognize those following a bleeding process from those induced by an ischaemic brain disease. After Charcot's papers, these various disorders were better known and well defined from their pathology, aetiology and mechanisms. According to his obsessive personality, Charcot liked classifying and labeling diseases. Some nosographic frameworks were nevertheless inappropriate. Thus, in the field of joint disorders, Charcot included in the same pathological entity ("chronic rheumatic disease") various arthropathies such as rheumatic arthritis and osteo-arthritis. In France, this mistake hindered the understanding of the mechanism of these diseases. Though Charcot made mistakes when he described new pathological disorders, these mistakes were of little consequence, compared to the importance of his main nosologic contributions. As a whole, Charcot's scientific methodology seemed to be accurate and successful.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗