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Biomedical subjects

A Labisch

Publications and source records attributed to A Labisch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

["Health is a Crossroad"--Nature and society, individual and community, in safeguarding public health].

Any person actively engaged in the sphere of Public Health who refers to "molecular medicine" is bound to arouse suspicion. Nevertheless, neither Public Health nor public health protection or the health sciences in general can afford to ignore medicine and biology. This fundamental fact is explored in a historical and subsequently in an anthropological context. The connections between molecular medicine and public health are discussed at length. Accordingly, health on an individual as well as on a social level is essentially bound to the knowledge of genetically determined dispositions. We may expect that this molecular-genetic reality will become as "true" in future as the hygienic-bacteriological reality has become "true" today. The medicalisation of all human realities will be continued by their "molecularisation". It is important to fundamentally understand the actual effects of this transformation, which is the subject of a wider public discussion. This is the only way to rationally estimate both the opportunities offered by molecular medicine and the involved risks. It is essential for a debate of this kind within public health care institutions that the public health movement addresses the current developments of molecular medicine in a critical but constructive manner. "Nature", and with it the medicine and biology of public health, is an essential aspect of protecting public health. This is the only way to clarify the sphere of activity of public health protection in general, to appreciate its dynamics and to develop adequate measures: "Health is a crossroad" according to Julio Frenk: "It is where biological and social factors, the individual and the community, and social economic policy all converge".

Forecasting↗
PubMed2001

[Bacteriology and constitutional health--genomics and proteomics: concepts in medicine and concepts in health insurance in the past and future].

Future discussions on health issues on the individual or society level will be fundamentally linked to genetic dispositions. This genetic world will become reality in the same way the world of hygiene and bacteriology has become real for everyone. Approaches of molecular medicine for public health issues have not yet been created so far. The secret dreams of molecular eugenics must be made public and critically discussed. Up to now only a few monogenetically recessive hereditary diseases can be detected by screening. This kind of screening should be carefully considered. However, for the sciences, for medicine and thus for the physicians in practice, for health care sciences as well as for public health care, new tasks will emerge from genetics and molecular medicine. In individual as well as public health these new tasks will at first mainly turn in on the sphere of diagnosis and specific screening as well as health education and consultation. With regard to the considerable social implications the public health care sector should be aware of the coming issues of molecular medicine in time.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed2000

[Health, public health, society--results from the past, responsibilities for the future].

Communication is the basic precondition of a global society. At the same time, however, communication is a basic cause for today's health hazards and diseases. This is an experience of our time, it is a historical experience of social change as well. If a global society wants to survive, the existing hazards to life and health have to be understood and treated on a global scale. Apart from a "new morbidity" and chronic diseases also infectious diseases again require more and more attention even in industrialised countries. The history of public health offers an overwhelming expertise of well-established concepts for every imaginable risk, to handle infectious diseases which are either not yet or no longer controllable on an individual therapeutical level. History of medicine also shows, that the effectiveness of hygienic concepts is based on their scientific validity and the resulting predictability of their interventions. This implies, that modern hygiene has to incorporate actively the concept of molecular medicine. Every single discipline involved, i.e. hygiene/sanitation, toxicology, microbiology, bacteriology, immunology, and infectiology, has to join in interdisciplinary scientific and interventional efforts.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed1998

History of public health-history in public health: looking back and looking forward.

The history of public health is a given aspect of general (cultural, social and political) history. It is subject to conditions and quality standards given in general history. History in public health is-in contrast to a history of public health-guided by the relevance of its questions and issues for present-day problems of general decision-making in public health care. The task of history in public health is the background analysis of social changes in public health. History in public health clarifies the actual field of public health with respect to its open and hidden lines and factors of development.

Historiography↗
PubMed1997

[Infection or epidemic? On the problem of mono-causal thinking in medicine. The contribution of Adolf Gottstein (1857-1941)].

Robert Koch (1843-1910) had by the end of the 1870 invented a definite and reproducible method of determine bacteria. During the first decades after the origin of bacteriology he and his disciples developed in practice a strictly monocausal theory: where there is a specific germ, only the specific disease occurs. The importance of Adolf Gottstein (1857-1941) must be viewed against this background. As a general practitioner Gottstein noticed that there are considerable differences between the single specific infection and its massive spread as an epidemic. As one of the first clinical epidemiologists he learnt how to verify his experience and presumptions by systematical, quantitative analyses. His epidemiologically founded publications were a key factor in the process of abandoning the monocausal theory of illness of the early period of the Koch era and giving way to a multicausal view. The dynamic aetiology of Gottstein was a major contribution to the development of social hygiene and public health care.

Causality↗
PubMed1996

[Current forum. 40 years German Central Unit for Public Health Care--the German Central Unit for Public Health Care was discontinued June 1996].

The German Centre for Public Health Care (Deutsche Zentrale für Volksgesundheitspflege = DZV) was founded during the winter of 1955/56. The DZV contributed to important issues and developments, such as the foundation of the Federal Ministry of Health 1960, the Law for Youth Labour Protection and the Federal Law on Dental Care for Children. In 1966 the DZV started special courses for "Professions in the Public Health Care Services". Since 1995 the board and management of the DZV aimed at integrating the organisation into the general development of public health and health promotion in Germany. The DZV was intended to function as an integrational forum for the discussion of health sciences, health care policy, health administration and health-oriented practice. But the economic situation finally caused the Federal Government to abandon the institutional subsidies granted to the DZV for over 40 years. The abolishment of the DZV means that on a Federal level, there is no independent institution left which unites public health care and prevention in the typical combination of politics and administration on the different levels of Federal, Provincial and Municipal governments and non-governmental institutions in the exchange of scientific knowledge, administration, politics and local efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The City and Health--an analysis of recent (socio-) historical literature].

"The City and Health" - this title joints two all-encompassing words. The city is the birthplace of modern civilization. Today, we are confronted with huge urban agglomarations--beyond our grasp and nearly out of control. Are we dealing with transitory phenomena, such as the filthy and inhuman cities of the early industrial era seem from the historical point of view? This is our hope. Here inevitably, we strike upon the term "Health". For in the endeavor to create in a city first permanent and then "proper" conditions and finally to achieve proper behaviour, health became a central term. Today, to be healthy is our most heartfelt desire. Still, we do nor know what health is. The theme "City and Health" is therefore significant, historically as well as at present. So a brief historical survey will illustrate a few elements characteristic of the interrelationship of health and the city from the civilizational point of view ( = 1.). To determine the historical point of our inquiry, we will then outline the recent discussion on urban history ( = 2.). Upon this ground, we shall discuss cities as a special expression of community, the sciences of health as a special type of medicine, and the modern industrial living conditions with regard to the recent socio-historical and medico-historical literature published since 1980 ( = 3.).

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1990

[Not Available].

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Death↗
PubMed1988

[Not Available].

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History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1987

[Not Available].

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Historiography↗
PubMed1987

The role of the hospital in the health policy of the German Social Democratic movement before World War I.

In this article, the author aims to contrast the traditional architecture-oriented history of hospitals with an empirical sociohistorical approach. The main topic discussed is the hospital's role in health policy as seen by German Social Democrats in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Social democratic hospital policy developed as a compromise between two extreme positions: the party theoretician's abstract ideals on the one side and the rank and file's pragmatic view on the other. Thus, the social history of the hospital can illustrate how, around the turn of the century, the political labor movement in Germany shifted from radical revolutionary aims to pragmatic social reform in everyday political practice. At the same time, the hospital underwent a fundamental social change from a charity institution to a municipal center of modern medical care. This implies that any static or one-sided interpretation of the hospital's history and sociology is inadequate: its social role constantly changes according to broader social change and different interests of social groups and organizations. As for the social history of medicine in general, modern medicine's development can not be adequately understood from the narrow perspective of medical institutions themselves. It has to be seen in the broader context of socioeconomic and sociocultural development.

Berlin↗
PubMed1986

[Not Available].

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Germany↗