Relationships between concentrations of porcine prolactin in blood serum and milk of lactating sows.
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Biomedical subjects
A L Mulloy
Publications and source records attributed to A L Mulloy.
Prolactin and colibacillus-induced fluid transport in ligated intestinal segments.
Two experiments, using the ligated intestinal segment technique, were conducted to determine whether the pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL) could reduce Escherichia coli-induced fluid loss into the small intestine of 2- to 3-week-old pigs. Inoculation of 10(6) to 10(8) enteropathogenic E coli organisms into ligated jejunal segments caused a significant accumulation of luminal fluid within 12 hours. In the first experiment, intraluminal inoculation with 0.5 mg of ovine PRL along with the bacteria did not have any effect on fluid accumulation. Systemic IV treatment of the animals with 1.0 mg of ovine PRL at 3-hour intervals, beginning either immediately after or 9 to 10 hours before intestinal ligation, did not significantly (P less than 0.05) reduce fluid accumulation as compared with control animals. In the second experiment, IM administration of 100 microgram of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) at 3-hour intervals, beginning 6 hours before intestinal ligation, significantly (P less than 0.05) increased circulating PRL concentrations, as measured by radioimmunoassay. However, TRH treatment did not reduce the accumulation of luminal fluid in E coli-inoculated segments.
Animals↗
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment.
Glucocorticoids (GC) are widely used for anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy. Thirty to 50% of GC-treated patients develop osteoporosis. Potential mechanisms of GC-induced osteoporosis (GC-OP) include abnormalities in calcium balance, vitamin D metabolism, parathyroid hormone release and activity, prostaglandin E2 and cytokine synthesis, interference with c-fos and p-53 expression in osteoblasts, and hypogonadism. Early diagnosis and detection of patients at risk are accomplished with rapid, safe and non-invasive bone density measurements. Preventive measures include maintaining a positive calcium balance, vitamin D supplementation (if indicated) and treatment of hypogonadism. The shortest duration and the smallest doses possible of GC for a particular condition are advisable. For high-risk patients and those with established GC-OP calcitonin or bisphosphonate therapy is recommended.
Glucocorticoids↗