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Biomedical subjects

A L Baert

Publications and source records attributed to A L Baert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

MRI of herpes simplex encephalitis.

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in eight patients with herpes simplex meningoencephalitis were reviewed: 14 examinations were analysed. The most striking finding was high signal intensity in the temporal lobe(s) with the typical configuration known from CT. Meningeal enhancement after Gd-DTPA administration was clearly seen in four patients. Haemorrhagic changes are much better seen on MRI than on CT. When adequate motion control can be achieved, MRI becomes the examination of choice in the diagnosis and follow-up of herpes simplex encephalitis. Localized 1H MR spectroscopy also proved promising in the study of neuronal loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intracavernosal injection of prostaglandin E1 as an alternative for papaverine in penile angiography.

Arteriography of the penile vasculature was performed after intracavernous injection of prostaglandin E1 in five patients. Penile tumescence was obtained in three patients with a dose of 10 micrograms and in the other two patients with a dose of 20 micrograms. Mean duration of penile tumescence was 1 h 36 min. Visualization of the penile vasculature was adequate in all patients. Local pain was a minor side effect in one patient. These preliminary results suggest that prostaglandin E1 might represent an alternative for papaverine in the angiographic study of male impotence.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1992

Enhancement of the pancreas after single bolus injection combined with spiral scanning. A comparative study with conventional incremental scanning after biphasic contrast injection.

The combination of a rapid single bolus injection (72 ml of a 60% concentrated iodinated contrast medium) with spiral scanning versus dynamic sequential scanning with a conventional biphasic bolus injection (150 ml of 60% concentrated iodinated contrast medium) is compared. 60 patients with normal pancreatic morphology were included in this study. 30 patients were examined with dynamic sequential scanning (cycle times of 5 seconds) during a biphasic bolus injection, 30 patients were examined with spiral scanning (cycle times of 1 second) after a single uniphasic bolus injection. For both scanning techniques, mean attenuation values of the pancreas were measured before and at different time intervals after contrast injection. The difference in attenuation values of the pancreas before and after contrast injection reflects the level of contrast enhancement in both methods. The level of contrast enhancement of the pancreas after bolus injection was not statistically significantly different in spiral scanning versus in dynamic sequential scanning. In comparison with conventional scanning, spiral scanning allows to reduce the injected dose of contrast by 50% without compromising the contrast resolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance imaging, microangiography, and histology in a rat model of primary liver cancer.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: N-nitrosodiethylamine is able to induce various benign and malignant liver lesions in rats with a high success rate and a low mortality rate. It provides a more appropriate model that better simulates the various lesions occurring in patients than the usual model of tumor implantations. METHODS: Hepatic carcinogenesis was induced in 58 Wistar rats using oral N-nitrosodiethylamine. The rats subsequently were studied by liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), postmortem microangiography, and histologic examination. RESULTS: Hepatic tumors developed in 57 rats. A wide variety of the tumors in the degree of vascularization, the type of vessels, the areas of intratumoral secretion and necrosis, and the tumor cell differentiation resulted from the tumor model. The authors were able to assess the contribution of the vascular, extravascular, and cellular components in the final pattern of contrast enhancement in MRI. CONCLUSIONS: The N-nitrosoethylamine model for hepatic tumor induction is simple, and provides a more representative range of tumors for experimental evaluation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Ventricular enlargement, clinical correlates and treatment outcome in chronic schizophrenic inpatients.

The ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) of 42 chronic schizophrenic patients was compared with that of 42 age-matched medical controls. For the schizophrenics, the relationship of various clinical parameters to the VBR was assessed, and the outcome of 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with either risperidone or haloperidol. The results confirm that schizophrenic patients have slightly enlarged lateral ventricles compared with medical controls. Only for schizophrenics, an effect of age, but not of duration of illness, was noticed. This study does not support the validity of a clinical subdivision of chronic schizophrenic patients on the basis of the VBR. Neither negative, positive nor general psychopathological symptoms, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), were related to the VBR, nor were abnormal involuntary movements or extrapyramidal symptoms. No association between season of birth or a family history of major mental disorder and VBR could be demonstrated. Treatment response was predicted by the total PANSS score and the PANSS general psychopathology subscale score at baseline. There was a trend for patients with higher VBR to have a more or haloperidol). or haloperidol).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Postoperative imaging of labyrinthine fistulae in cholesteatomas.

We evaluated the morphology of three operatively closed labyrinthine fistulae which were due to acquired middle ear cholesteatoma in three patients. In all three cases the fistula location was in the horizontal semicircular canal. The fistulae were closed by a mixture of bone powder and Tissucol. The layer closing the fistula was in all cases indistinguishable from the bony otic capsule on the postoperative CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dynamic CT of the liver.

The most commonly used CT technique for contrast enhancement CE of the liver are dynamic CT scanning after either IV, direct hepatic arterial or indirect portal contrast injection. The need for these different approaches is because compromises have to be made which take into account the scanner performance, the pharmacodynamics of the available urographic contrast agent and the complex vascularisation of the liver and the tumors. Spiral scanning is a novel technique which allows to scan the entire liver in a single breathhold period of about 10 to 20 seconds with the a posteriori calculation of perfectly contiguous or even overlapping slices. These two new specifications offer entirely new perspectives in terms of liver enhancement. It becomes theoretically possible to scan the entire liver twice, during both the early arterial phase and the subsequent venous phase after one single short IV bolus injection. Hence the total amount of contrast media to be administered can be reduced while the diagnostic potential of the contrast agent is significantly increased.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

[Follow- up of a pleural malignant mesothelioma].

A case of malignant pleural mesothelioma is presented. The initial pleural abnormalities were radiologically rather non-specific and were wrongly interpreted anatomo-pathologically as pleural metastases. Chemotherapy however resulted in an exceptional survival of more than 10 years. CT scan showed the extensive pleural damage. The histologic, symptomatologic and radiologic features of this rare tumor are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Pictorial essay: right aortic arch.

Right aortic arch is a rare congenital anomaly. It can be either an isolated finding or it can be part of a double aortic arch. This article discusses the radiographic appearance of this congenital anomaly on conventional chest X-ray, angiography, CT, and MRI.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1992

MR imaging of intracranial aspergilloma extending from the sphenoid sinus in an immunocompromised patient with multiple myeloma.

A case of fatal intracranial aspergillosis, extending from the sphenoid sinus via the orbit into the subarachnoid space of the optochiasmatic cistern and the cistern of the middle cerebral artery is presented in an immunosuppressed patient with multiple myeloma. Adequate treatment was not instituted and the patient died because the condition was not recognised and interpreted as a soft tissue extension of an orbital localization of myeloma. MRI, especially after intravenous injection of Gadolinium, depicted very accurately the extension of the disease, as defined at autopsy.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1992

Osteoarthritis of the facet joints and its role in low-back pain: evaluation with conventional tomography.

Thirty-seven patients with chronic low-back pain and an atypical irradiation to one or both legs were examined by conventional tomography of the facet joints. A disc herniation was excluded by computed tomography (CT) in 31 patients. The facet joints were considered normal in 4 patients. Four grades of facet joint disease were used to classify the pathological changes. Correlation of the radiological findings with the facet joint block by injection of a local anesthetic was obtained in 12 patients. It appears that conventional tomography is a very sensitive technique as it is possible to detect even discrete abnormalities of the facet joints. However, as it is time consuming and high in radiation dose, the examinations should be reserved for patients with a normal CT examination of the lumbar spine in whom there still remains a high suspicion of facet joint disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Temporomandibular joint imaging.

Pain and discomfort caused by internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint are frequent in our society. Patients can present with very divergent complaints, not always clearly related to the temporomandibular joint. Good imaging studies of the temporomandibular joint that can show the presence or absence of a problem and give an idea as to type of disease and its seriousness are, therefore, necessary. The choice of which imaging study to use largely depends on whether MR imaging is easily available. Ongoing investigations show that MR imaging of the temporomandibular joint not only depicts the soft tissue derangements very well, but also shows the associated bony changes. However, the exact significance of disk displacement is not always clear because anterior displacement is also seen in asymptomatic volunteers and after clinically successful treatment.

Diagnostic Imaging↗