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Biomedical subjects

A Kullaa-Mikkonen

Publications and source records attributed to A Kullaa-Mikkonen.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Lingua fissurata. A clinical, stereomicroscopic and histopathological study.

The purpose of this study was to describe clinical, stereomicroscopic and light microscopic findings for fissured tongue in 17 patients and compare them with 17 normal controls. Clinical symptoms were found in 13 of 17 patients who complained of scoreness of the tongue. Usually the symptoms lasted more than 3 years. In 15 cases, fissures involved the entire tongue, while in 2 cases, only the edges of the tongue were affected. In all patients, papillae of varying sizes were found in the area of fissures. The papillae were easily noted using stereomicroscopy on fixed-tissue specimens, but could also be seen with the naked eye during careful clinical examinations. Light microscopic studies indicated that the number of inflammatory cells was far greater in the mucosa of fissured tongues than in normal tongues, and this inflammation was not confined only to the fissures. The rete pegs of the epithelium were longer in fissured tongues than in normal tongues, 800 (+/- 79) micron and 620 (+/- 69) micron, respectively, (p less than 0.001). The lamina propria was also thicker in fissured tongues than in normal tongues, 390 (+/- 74) micron and 170 (+/- 61) micron, respectively, (p less than 0.001). In normal tongues, keratohyaline granules were observed in the filiform papillae around the area of hairs but these granules were absent in fissured tongues.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Changes in composition of whole saliva in patients with fissured tongue.

Both resting and paraffin-stimulated whole saliva were studied in 25 patients with fissured tongue and in their age and sex-matched healthy controls. The groups did not differ in dental or periodontal health. No significant differences were found between the groups in the salivary secretion rate, pH and buffer capacity, or in the frequency of lactobacilli and yeasts in saliva samples and scrapings from tongue surface. In patients with fissured tongue, unstimulated whole saliva displayed significantly elevated levels of sodium, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and all immunoglobulins (isotypes A, G and M) when compared with the controls. These changes most likely reflect the inflammation frequently seen in the biopsies of fissured tongue. No differences between the groups existed in the amounts of salivary potassium, calcium, inorganic phosphate, amylase and total protein. Our study shows that in patients with fissured tongue the salivary secretion and composition are normal. However, components from plasma and inflammatory cells are diagnostically elevated in the whole saliva samples of patients with fissured tongue when compared with the healthy controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A scanning electron microscopic study of the dorsal surface of the human tongue.

To study the dorsal surface of the human tongue using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tissue specimens were taken from the anterior part of the tongues of 15 individuals aged from 21- to 28-years-old. The formalin-fixed samples were processed routinely for SEM. With SEM the surface of the normal tongue mucosa was shown to be rather evenly covered by filiform papillae, with some fungiform papillae scattered among them. Filiform papillae consisted of two parts: the body and hairs. The mucosal surface of the body was smooth; the squamous epithelial cells were polygonal, and their boundaries were prominent. On the surface of the superficial epithelial cells were parallel or branching microplicae. Each filiform papilla had 6-10 hairs, which were scaled and covered by an extensive plaque of microorganism. The upper surface of the fungiform papillae was smooth; only a few desquamating cells were seen. The superficial cells had a pitted appearance and cell boundaries overlapped. Taste pores, up to 3 pores in a single papilla, were found on the upper surface. Desquamation was more pronounced on the base of the fungiform papillae than on the upper surface. In almost all fungiform papillae some hairs protruded from the base. Parallel microplicae were found on the surface of the superficial cells of the base. The structure and function of the human tongue, as well as the microplicae of its superficial cells, are compared to those of various species of animals.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Clinical and radiologic re-examination of apicoectomized teeth.

Healing after periapical surgery was studied clinically and radiologically in 108 patients in whom apicoectomy had been performed on 174 teeth. Histologic diagnosis was used to determine healing results; teeth with periapical granuloma tend to heal less successfully than teeth showing inflammation or cysts. Postoperative treatment played an important role in the healing process. In making a prognosis one must include preoperative status (including periodontal status), operating method, and postoperative treatment. The age of the patient also has some influence on healing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence of different morphologic forms of the human tongue in young Finns.

Morphologic variations on the surface of the human tongue were examined in 381 patients divided by age into three groups (Group I--3 to 8 years old; Group II--9 to 16 years old; and Group III--17 to 35 years old). In Group I there were 84 pre-school children; in Group II there were 146 schoolchildren; in Group III there were 151 dental students and dental nurse students. The prevalence of variations in the morphology of the tongue surface in the three groups combined was as follows: fissured tongue, 5.0 percent; filiform atrophy, 5.5 percent; geographic tongue, 2.1 percent, and hairy tongue, 8.3 percent. Prevalence of both fissured tongue (p less than 0.05) and filiform atrophy (p less than 0.01) increased with the age of the population. Geographic tongue and hairy tongue did not increase significantly with age. Fissured tongue was more common in males than in females (p less than 0.05). The amount of filiform atrophy and hairy tongue was not significantly different in males and females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The pH of stimulated and resting saliva in different morphologic forms of the tongue surface in a young population.

Salivary condition and its correlation to tongue morphology was studied in 149 dental students. The students were divided according to the morphologic form of the tongue. The salivary pH and the buffer capacity of resting and stimulated saliva were determined. The pH values in the resting saliva of the fissured tongue group were more alkaline than those in the control group. The difference in pH values of stimulated saliva in the fissured tongue and control groups was only indicative. The stimulated saliva values of the normal tongue and the geographic tongue groups were similar. The pH valves of resting saliva in the geographic tongue group were more acidic than those in the normal tongue group. The salivary pH values of the filiform atrophy group were more acidic than those of the control group: resting salivar highly significantly and stimulated saliva significantly. The pH values of the hairy tongue group were also more acidic than those of the control group: both resting saliva and stimulated saliva highly significantly. No differences were observed in salivary buffer capacity, although buffer capacity in the hairy tongue group seemed to be lower than in the other groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Subcutaneous emphysema.

Swelling appeared in an eight-year-old girl after amalgam restoration. The swelling, subcutaneous emphysema, due to the presence of air in the connective tissue disappeared over a period of two days; no complications occurred. The clinical importance of subcutaneous emphysema is that the migration of air to the mediastinum can cause death. According to the literature, many dental and oral procedures can cause subcutaneous emphysema. Since it can cause many complications due to infection, prophylactic antibiotic therapy is necessary.

Child↗