Biomedical subjects

A Kubota

Publications and source records attributed to A Kubota.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Human macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid.

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of 14 patients with meningitis and of 14 patients suffering from a disease other than meningitis were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All four bacterial meningitis patients had M-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid which exceeded 1540 U/ml, and the mean value was 3333 +/- 1481 U/ml. The mean M-CSF level in the cerebrospinal fluid of the ten aseptic meningitis patients was 393 +/- 175 U/ml, which was higher than that of patients who suffered from a disease other than meningitis (179 +/- 90 U/ml) (P < 0.01). There was no clear correlation between the M-CSF levels and the numbers of white blood cells, granulocytes, or monocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. These elevated M-CSF levels were thought to be of a local origin, since most patients with high M-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid had relatively low M-CSF levels in the serum.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Indocyanine green test is a reliable indicator of postoperative liver function in biliary atresia.

In order to evaluate liver function in postoperative biliary atresia (BA) patients, the indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test was performed. Nineteen patients, ranging in age from 2 to 9 years, were classified into three groups. Group I were those who had no jaundice throughout the postoperative period (n = 9), Group II were those who had recurrent or intermittent jaundice (n = 7), and Group III were those who had persistent jaundice after hepatic portojejunostomy (n = 3). Forty-four volunteers of comparative age and sex served as controls to establish a normal range of ICG-K values in infants and children. The normal minimal ICG-K value in those 2-9 years of age was defined as 0.19. ICG-K values in BA patients were 0.262 +/- 0.073 (Group I), 0.150 +/- 0.060 (Group II), and 0.054 +/- 0.011 (Group III). All nine patients with ICG-K below the normal level had esophageal varices, and seven of nine had a history of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Two patients with ICG-K values within the normal range had esophageal varices, and none had a history of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Five of nine patients with ICG-K values below normal had low serum albumin levels, and all had low prealbumin levels. Of those with ICG-K within the normal range, none had low serum albumin or prealbumin levels. On the other hand, serum bilirubin and other liver function tests did not accurately reflect clinical findings. In conclusion, the ICG test using the ICG-K value was confirmed to be a reliable indicator of postoperative liver function in BA patients.

Biliary Atresia↗

PubMed1993

Screening for growth hormone deficiency using urinary growth hormone measurement.

The diagnostic approach in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is complicated. Two or more provocative tests are essential for definitive diagnosis of GHD. However, such testing cannot be carried out routinely on all subjects with short stature because of the need for hospitalization and blood sampling. A simple screening method for GHD would be of great value. Human growth hormone (hGH) levels were measured in the early morning urine of 192 children aged 7-15 years with height 2.0 s.d. below the mean for their ages. Sixty-eight subjects were selected because they showed a urinary hGH level < 10 ng/g creatinine. They were further examined in terms of bone age and plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) levels. In 30 subjects, the ratio of bone age: chronological age was < 0.8 and/or plasma IGF-I level was < 0.7 U/mL. Finally 24 of these subjects were examined with provocative tests and other endocrinological tests. Eleven subjects proved to have poor growth hormone secretion and one subject was diagnosed as having Turner syndrome. In conclusion, 11 patients with GHD were diagnosed from 192 children with short stature using urinary hGH measurement as the first screening method. These findings suggests that urinary hGH measurement could be a useful and simple method for detecting GHD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Comparison of granisetron alone and granisetron plus hydroxyzine hydrochloride for the prophylactic treatment of emesis induced by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy].

In this study, the utility and safety of granisetron alone (Group G) and granisetron plus hydroxyzine hydrochloride (Group G/H) for nausea and vomiting were evaluated in patients with head and neck cancer treated by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the severity of nausea or frequency of vomiting, although all patients in the G/H group showed complete response (no nausea or vomiting) from the fifth day after cisplatin administration. The clinical utility rate was higher in Group G/H than in Group G. The only side effect observed was headache in one patient from Group G. No drug-related abnormality in laboratory tests was observed. These results demonstrate that the antiemetic efficacy of granisetron can be augmented by the addition of hydroxyzine hydrochloride, providing superior control of emesis induced by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A case of sudden death of a patient with glycogen storage disease type 1--delayed aftereffect of a traffic accident].

A case of sudden death of a 22-year-old man with glycogen storage disease type 1 is reported. Autopsy revealed striking hepatomegaly with round edges. The liver was yellowish and weighed 2840 g. Histologic findings showed excessive deposition of PAS-positive material in the hepatocytes and in the proximal renal tubular epithelium cells, which means the accumulation of glycogen. A mass surrounding splenic artery was seen in the hilus of the spleen. There was about 2000 ml of fresh blood and clots in the abdominal cavity due to bleeding from a ruptured mass. The mass was composed of a hematoma with connective tissue surrounding it and was a pseudoaneurysm. The mass was considered to have been formed from bleeding due to injury to a branch of a splenic artery. Consideration of these findings led to the conclusion that death was caused by loss of blood from rupture of the mass and that the mass was formed due to injury of the branch of the splenic artery in a traffic accident 2 years earlier but not the pathogenesis of glycogen storage disease.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1993

Effects of late reperfusion on infarct expansion and infarct healing in conscious rats.

We examined the effects of late reperfusion on infarct expansion and infarct healing process in conscious rats. Coronary occlusion and reperfusion were carried out in conscious rats 1 week after appropriate surgical preparations. The rats were randomized into the following four groups: sham operated, permanent occlusion, early reperfusion (i.e., reperfusion performed 1 hour after occlusion), and late reperfusion (i.e., reperfusion performed 6 hours after occlusion). Histological examination was performed 7 days after coronary occlusion. In the early reperfusion group, infarct size and expansion were reduced when compared to the permanent occlusion group. In rats subjected to late reperfusion, infarct size and expansion were not different from those in the permanent occlusion group. The extent of unresorbed necrotic myocardium in areas of infarcted scar was reduced in both early and late reperfusion groups. Infiltration by neutrophilic cells into areas of necrotic myocardium 16 hours after myocardial infarction was increased in both reperfusion groups. Infiltration by macrophages 3 days after infarction was also increased in both reperfusion groups. Late reperfusion, therefore, does not affect infarct expansion, but does contribute to the acceleration of the infarct healing process.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Amino acid profiles correlate diagnostically with organ site in three kinds of malignant tumors.

The hypothesis that tumors arising in a particular organ site impose a characteristic plasma free amino acid (PFAA) pattern was tested by analyzing PFAA in fasting venous blood of preoperative patients with breast cancer, gastrointestinal tract cancer, and head and neck cancer. Healthy volunteers served as control subjects. Levels of 28 PFAA were determined in blood samples using an amino acid analyzer, and the data were compared using discriminant analysis and chi-square testing. Compared with control subjects, the concentrations of seven amino acids (glutamine, threonine, histidine, cysteine, alanine, arginine, and ornithine) in patients with tumors correlated closely with the known diagnoses. By means of discriminant analysis, these seven amino acids had the highest correlation with the specific diagnoses, indicating that PFAA profiles correlate diagnostically with the organ-site origin of three different kinds of malignant tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Morphological differentiation of endothelial cells co-cultured with astrocytes on type-I or type-IV collagen.

In this study bovine aortic endothelial cells were co-cultured with astrocytes from fetal Wistar Kyoto rats. Endothelial cells growing on type-I collagen, co-cultured with astrocytes, showed various stages of development. Although some cells appeared to be mature, horseradish peroxidase penetrated within 1 min of incubation through the intercellular junctions of these endothelial elements maintained on type-I collagen. In contrast, endothelial cells on type-IV collagen, co-cultured with astrocytes, were well developed; their intercellular junctions were well established, and plasmalemmal vesicles reduced in number. As a result, horseradish peroxidase was unable to penetrate through the endothelial cells grown on type-IV collagen and co-cultured with astrocytes because of the reduced extent of the junctional and vesicular transport. These findings reveal that (1) type-IV collagen is essential for the differentiation of endothelial cells, (2) endothelial cell-astrocyte interactions occur during co-culture, and (3) endothelial permeability depends on astrocyte-produced factors, in addition to type-IV collagen.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Massive small bowel resection in neonates--is weaning from parenteral nutrition the final goal?

Eight surviving cases from an original 15 pediatric patients who underwent massive small bowel resection during their neonatal period were reviewed for a period of 2-19 years to assess long-term prognosis. the primary diseases were congenital intestinal atresia in 6 cases and midgut volvulus in 2. The length of the residual small intestine ranged from 27-75 cm and the ileocaecal valve had been resected in 3 cases. All cases were able to be weaned from parenteral nutrition and at present, 6 of the children can tolerate normal meals but 2 are still receiving enteral nutrition, in the form of a low residue diet at home. Near normal somatic growth was achieved in the most recent 5 cases who received intensive nutritional treatment in the immediate postoperative period, whereas 3 who did not receive nutritional management exhibited growth retardation. The D-Xylose absorption test revealed gradual improvement and finally normal absorption in all except one case with the shortest remaining intestine (27 cm). However, the fat absorption test revealed abnormal absorption in cases with a residual intestine of less than 45 cm. Late metabolic complications such as renal calculi, cholelithiasis and pathologic fractures were encountered in 3 cases.

Child↗

PubMed1992

CD7-positive acute myeloid leukemia: further evidence of cellular immaturity.

Among 63 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 14 were found to express the CD7 antigen, a cell surface marker usually found at an early stage during T lineage differentiation. The CD7-positive AML cases consisted of 5 cases of M1, 3 cases of M2, 3 cases of M4, 1 case of M5, 1 case of M6 and 1 case of M7. Among these 63 cases, the proportion of blast cells expressing the CD34 antigen was examined. The proportion of CD34-stained cells among the CD7-positive AML cases, although varying, was significantly larger than that among the CD7-negative AML cases (P less than 0.05). As the CD34 antigen was expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells and was considered to reflect an early hematopoietic stage, the high proportion of cells expressing CD34 among the CD7-positive AML cases may support the notion that CD7-positive AML cells are immature.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Anterior sagittal anorectoplasty for rectovestibular and anovestibular fistula.

Rectovestibular (or anovestibular) fistula is the most common form of anorectal anomaly in female infants. In the surgical repair of these malformations, anal transplantation has been in widespread conventional use. Based on the idea of posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, we devised a new approach, anterior sagittal anorectoplasty, in which, in the lithotomy position, the anterior portion of sphincter muscles are cut through a median perineal skin incision and then the rectum is pulled through the center of these muscles to make its opening at the normal position. The operation has been performed in 12 patients with satisfactory results.

Anal Canal↗

PubMed1992

Injection of bleomycin as a primary therapy of cystic lymphangioma.

Forty-five patients (19 boys and 26 girls) with lymphangioma have been treated at Osaka University Hospital during the 10-year period from January 1978 to December 1987. Twenty-nine underwent initial bleomycin (BLM) therapy. These patients' lesions consisted of large cystic masses that were demonstrated by echography or computed tomography scans. BLM was administered as a solution of 1 mg/mL in saline, after aspiration of the cyst contents using a puncture needle. The total dose ranged from 3 mg to 32 mg (average, 10 mg) and was administered between 1 and 16 times. Of the 29 cases treated with BLM, 25 cases (86%) showed significant reduction of the mass and 16 (55%) showed complete disappearance. Recurrence occurred in 3 patients. One responded to further injection of BLM, and the other 2 required surgical resection. Thirteen patients required surgical resection; however, in those cases, the previous injection of BLM was found to minimize the extent of surgical resection required. There were no serious side effects with BLM injection. Injection of BLM as an initial treatment of cystic lymphangioma was found to be very useful. It can reduce the size of the mass and even result in complete disappearance; consequently, it can minimize the frequency and extent of surgical intervention.

Bleomycin↗

PubMed1992

Dynamics of oral intake resumption after general anesthesia and operation in rats.

The influence of general anesthesia and operation on dynamics of postoperative food intake resumption was investigated in eight rats. A laparotomy was performed on each rat under anesthesia induced by intraperitoneally injected chloral hydrate. Spontaneous food intake and feeding indexes were continuously measured using an Automated Computerized Rat Eater Meter (ACREM) before and after operation. Although spontaneous food intake and all feeding indexes were depressed immediately following anesthesia and operation, each feeding index was depressed to a greater degree during the dark vs. the light cycle. Initially, rats fully capable of eating ate fewer, smaller, and shorter meals. The return to normal of each feeding index differed temporally. Thus, although meal number normalized by the third postoperative day, meal size by the sixth postoperative day, and meal duration by the fourth postoperative day, normalization of meal number during the light cycle occurred sooner than during the dark cycle, while the converse occurred with meal size and meal duration.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMed1992

Somatostatin receptors, an expanding gene family: cloning and functional characterization of human SSTR3, a protein coupled to adenylyl cyclase.

We previously reported the cloning of two distinct somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes, SSTR1 and SSTR2. Although both SSTR1 and SSTR2 bound somatostatin specifically and with high affinity, neither was coupled to adenylyl cyclase, a major cellular effector of somatostatin's actions. Here we report the cloning and functional characterization of a third member of the SSTR family. Human SSTR3 is a protein of 418 amino acids and has 45% and 46% identity with human SSTR1 and SSTR2, respectively. RNA blotting studies showed that SSTR3 mRNA could be readily detected in brain and pancreatic islets. The pharmacological properties of human SSTR3 were characterized by transiently expressing the human SSTR3 gene in COS-1 cells. Membranes from cells expressing human SSTR3 bound the somatostatin agonist [125I]CGP 23996 specifically and with high affinity, with a rank order of potency of somatostatin-28 = CGP 23996 > somatostatin-14 > SMS-201-995. Studies using cells transiently coexpressing the human dopamine D1 receptor and human SSTR3 showed that somatostatin was able to inhibit dopamine-stimulated cAMP formation in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that SSTR3 was functionally coupled to adenylyl cyclase. These results indicate that the diverse biological effects of somatostatin are mediated by a family of receptor with distinct, but overlapping, tissue distributions, unique pharmacological properties, and potentially different functions.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗

PubMed1992

Cardiopulmonary function in dogs with serious chronic heartworm disease.

Cardiopulmonary function was examined in 18 dogs with serious chronic heartworm disease showing ascites, subcutaneous edema, prostration, weakness, jaundice and so on. After surgical heartworm removal from the pulmonary arteries, 10 dogs recovered (surviving group), and 8 dogs died or were euthanatized because of poor prognosis (nonsurviving group). The number of live heartworms residing in the pulmonary arteries of the surviving group tended to be larger than that in the nonsurviving group. At necropsy, severe pulmonary arterial lesions such as thromboembolism including dead heartworms, proliferative and villous lesions and intimal hyperplasia were noticed in all dogs examined, and tended to be severer in the nonsurviving group. Heartworm-coiling around the tricuspid valve chord was found in 1 dog of the surviving group and 4 dogs of the nonsurviving group. Before heartworm removal, there was no significant difference in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) between the surviving and nonsurviving group. Right atrial pressure (v-wave) was higher, and the cardiac index (CI) was lower in the nonsurviving group. Arterial oxygen tension was lower in the surviving group than in the heartworm-free group, and it was lower in the nonsurviving group than in the surviving group. Carbon dioxide tension was lower in the surviving group than in the heartworm-free group. Bicarbonate concentration (HCO3-) was lower both in the surviving and nonsurviving groups than in the heartworm-free group. One week after heartworm removal, MPAP decreased (P less than 0.05), and CI and HCO3- tended to increase in the surviving group.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with prominent cardiac metastasis, accompanied by a marked leukocytosis with a neutrophilia and high GM-CSF level in serum.

Cardiac metastasis of thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. We treated a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with prominent cardiac metastasis. The 61-year-old male was admitted because of high fever. Investigations revealed a cardiac mass and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Resection of the cardiac mass revealed that it was metastasis from the thyroid carcinoma. After 4 months, he died in spite of intensive therapy. Marked leukocytosis was observed during the clinical course, and a concomitant increase of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) level was demonstrated in the sera. It was suggested that the high GM-CSF level in serum contributed to leukocytosis.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Multiple space-occupying lesions of the spleen in a case of Gaucher's disease.

A 50-year-old female patient was admitted because of an enormously enlarged spleen and thrombocytopenia. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple space-occupying lesions in the spleen. She was diagnosed as having Gaucher's disease based on the low level of beta-glucosidase activity in leukocytes and Gaucher's cells present in bone marrow aspirate. Severe hypersplenism necessitated splenectomy. Pathological studies of the excised spleen, including ultrastructural examinations, demonstrated that multiple space-occupying lesions in the spleen were composed of typical Gaucher cells.

Female↗

PubMed1992

[Sensitivity test to chemotherapeutic agents and cytotoxicic test against immuno-effecter cells of established malignant fibrous histiocytoma cell line].

UNLABELLED: A cell line was established from a patient with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, which had originated in the maxillary sinus. Using this cell line, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and cytotoxicity against various immunoeffecter cells were tested. RESULTS: This MFH cell line was sensitive in some degree to adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, peplomycin, and methotrexate at high doses, but insensitive to mitomycin-C, vincristine and cyclophosphamide. Furthermore, this cell line showed no sensitivity to cytolytic cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells and lymphokine activated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (LA-TIL), induced by culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes and TIL respectively with rIL-2 showed high NK and LK activities and remarkable anti-autologous tumor ability.

Antineoplastic Agents↗