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Biomedical subjects

A Kreisler

Publications and source records attributed to A Kreisler.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Multiple sclerosis, interferon beta and clinical thyroid dysfunction.

The objective of this study was to investigate frequency and presentation of clinical thyroid dysfunction in patients treated with interferon beta (IFN-beta). We have collected the cases of clinical thyroid dysfunction in 700 consecutive patients receiving IFN-beta for multiple sclerosis (MS). Five patients (four women, one man) treated with IFN-beta1b developed hyperthyroidism. Three of them have secondary progressive MS, and two have relapsing-remitting MS. It was necessary to stop IFN-beta in three cases; these patients still require carbimazole after several months. In the two other cases, hyperthyroidism disappeared spontaneously. Two patients (one man and one woman) treated with IFN-beta1a developed hypothyroidism. One of them required l-thyroxine. Lastly, an increased thyroid volume without modification of thyroid hormones plasma levels was discovered in a patient receiving IFN-beta1a. Among patients treated with IFN-beta, clinical thyroid dysfunction is much rarer than laboratory thyroid dysfunction. However, this side-effect is sometimes severe.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Vascular aphasias: main characteristics of patients hospitalized in acute stroke units.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aphasia is frequent in stroke patients and is associated with poor prognosis. However, characteristics and determinants of vascular aphasias remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate aphasia characteristics at the acute stage in patients admitted to a stroke unit. METHODS: The study was performed in 308 patients consecutively assessed with a standardized aphasia battery. RESULTS: Aphasia was observed in 207 patients; global and nonclassified aphasias accounted for 50% of aphasic syndromes at the acute stage, whereas classic aphasias (Wernicke's, Broca's, transcortical, and subcortical aphasias) were less frequent. Age differed across aphasic syndromes in ischemic stroke patients only; patients with conduction aphasia were younger, and patients with subcortical aphasia were older. Sex did not significantly differ across aphasic syndromes. The presence of a previous stroke was more frequent in nonclassified aphasia. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows (1) that vascular aphasias are frequently severe or nonclassic at the acute stage, a finding explained in part by the presence of a previous stroke; (2) that the age effect is due mainly to its influence on infarct location; and (3) that the main determinant of aphasia characteristics is lesion location.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The anatomy of aphasia revisited.

OBJECTIVE: To determine lesion locations associated with the various types of aphasic disorders in patients with stroke. BACKGROUND: The anatomy of aphasia has been challenged by several recent studies. Discrepancies are likely to be due to methodologic issues. METHODS: We examined 107 patients with a standardized aphasia battery and MRI. Three examiners blinded to the clinical data rated signal abnormalities in 69 predetermined regions of interest. The statistical procedure used classification tree testing, which selected regions associated with each aphasic disorder. RESULTS: 1) Nonfluent aphasia depended on the presence of frontal or putaminal lesions; 2) repetition disorder on insula-external capsule lesions; 3) comprehension disorder on posterior lesions of the temporal gyri; 4) phonemic paraphasia on external capsule lesions extending either to the posterior part of the temporal lobe or to the internal capsule; 5) verbal paraphasia on temporal or caudate lesions; and 6) perseveration on caudate lesions. These analyses correctly classified 67% to 94% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Lesion location is the main determinant of aphasic disorders at the acute stage. Most clinical-radiologic correlations supported the classic anatomy of aphasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Voxel-based distribution of metabolic impairment in corticobasal degeneration.

This report emphasizes the precise topographic distribution of cerebral metabolic impairment in corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and the pathophysiological differences between CBD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Statistical parametric mapping (SPM96) analysis of 18FDG positron emission tomography (PET) data was performed in 22 patients with CBD compared with 46 healthy subjects (HS) and 21 patients with PSP who were studied at rest. A statistical threshold of p <0.001 was fixed, further corrected for multiple or independent comparisons (p <0.05). In comparison with HS, the metabolic impairment in CBD was asymmetrically distributed in the putamen, thalamus, precentral (Brodmann's area, BA 4), lateral premotor (BA 6/44) and supplementary motor areas (SMA, BA 6), dorsolateral prefrontal (8/9/46) cortex, and the anterior part of the inferior parietal lobe (BA 40) including the intraparietal sulcus (BA 7/40). A similar hypometabolic pattern was observed for most individual analyses. When PSP was compared with CBD, metabolic impairment predominated in the midbrain, anterior cingulate (BA 24/32), and orbitofrontal regions (BA 10). The reverse contrast showed more posterior involvement in CBD (BA 6 and 5/7/40) including SMA. Our data suggest that multiple components of neural networks related to both movement execution and production of skilled movements are functionally disturbed in CBD compared with both HS and PSP.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the small bowel with IgA deficiency and hemolytic anemia (author's transl)].

The syndrome of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the small bowel with hypogammaglobulinemia is one of the hypogammaglobulinemic enteropathies. Chronic diarrhea and malabsorption are the most characteristic features of this disease, and they are frequently associated to hypogammaglobulinemia of various types (acquired, congenital non sex-linked) and to selective IgA deficiency. The immunological deficiency gives rise to the more characteristic features of the disease, namely: a) hypogammaglobulinemia; b) respiratory infections and dental caries; c) Giardia lamblia infestation of the small bowel; d) the characteristic radiological features; and, e) the histological aspect of the intestinal mucosa with absence of plasma cells. Periodical follow-up is needed because of the increased incidence of tumors in immunological deficiency states. A new case of nodular lymphoid hyperplasia associated to hemolytic anemia and granulomatous hepatitis is reported, and its possible pathogenesis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Observation in a familial environment of interactions between very young children and their parents].

The interaction between very young children and their parents has been undertaken to complete earlier studies made during prolonged observations in the family home. Since 1970, several research workers collected data during fortnightly visits of variable duration. The data is briefly analysed taking into account the presence of the observers. Data was collected from families of patients with psychiatric disease and the results from those who had been seen by a Consultant were compared with those who had seen other workers. The difficulties of the first relationship are emphasised. The future of the work and possible improvements of the method are discussed as well as the educational and therapeutic consequencies.

Child↗