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Biomedical subjects

A Kreczy

Publications and source records attributed to A Kreczy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

The impact of jejunal transplant peristalsis on enteric flora.

The importance of phase III of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) for homeostasis of enteric flora is well documented. The goal of this study was to evaluate in an isogeneic rat model the effect of MMC changes on the self-purging capacity of the jejunal graft. The proximal 25% of the entire jejunoileum of Lewis rats was transplanted orthotopically. Electrodes were then fixed to the graft. Native bowel of five rats and five rats with analogue jejunal segmentation served as controls. Myoelectric recordings were carried out until day 21, when animals were killed for bacteriologic analysis of the segments analyzed myoelectrically and the of neighboring gut. MMCs were observed in all animals during all recordings. Phase III was irregular in transplants because of long-lasting periods of phase III absence alternating with phase III occurring more frequently. The variation coefficient of phase III periodicity calculated for grafts was 48.74, for native bowel 14.79, and for segmented jejunum 22.9. Enteric flora found in all specimens consisted of colonic-like microorganisms. Titers of microorganisms in grafts did not differ from control segments. These findings show that phase III periodicity is severely altered in jejunal grafts. Homeostasis of enteric flora, however, is not influenced by the transplant procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Correlation between umbilical arterial flow and placental morphology.

Umbilical artery blood velocity waveforms were compared with the morphological aspects of the vascular bed of 30 placentas using quantitative methods. An abnormal pulsatility index was found to be highly correlated with a lower number of arteries in the tertiary stem villi as well as a lower placental weight and birth weight. The reduction in the number of arteries seems to be due to an early developmental arrest of placental angiogenesis and is partly compensated for by increased formation of capillaries in the terminal villi, since the number of capillaries is independent of the number of arteries.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Gas gangrene as a manifestation of endogenous Clostridium septicum infection].

Endogenous, nontraumatic clostridial myonecrosis has a frequent association with colon carcinoma, leukemia, diabetes mellitus, and drug-induced immunosuppression. We present two cases of Clostridium septicum myonecrosis. An 18-year-old girl developed severe abdominal pain on day 7 after hospitalization for cytostatic treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood cultures yielded Clostridium septicum and histopathological exam of muscle tissue showed extended myonecrosis. Eventually the patient recovered with antibiotics and surgical therapy. A 72-year-old diabetic woman was treated as an outpatient with an intramuscular injection of steroidal antiphlogistics for "acute lumbar disc disease". The next morning persistence of hip pain and discoloration of the right thigh caused hospitalization under the suspected diagnosis "fracture of the neck of the femur". Clostridium septicum was cultured from intraoperatively taken swabs. At autopsy, in addition to the gangrene, there was an adenocarcinoma of the cecum, which had not been diagnosed during life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Cat scratch disease caused by Bartonella henselae].

Bartonella henselae is an etiologic agent of cat-scratch disease and, in immunocompromised patients, of bacillary angiomatosis and other severe syndromes. Cat-scratch disease usually presents as lymphadenopathy, which resolves spontaneously within 2-4 months. The utility of antibiotic therapy remains controversial. In Tyrol four cases of human cat-scratch disease were diagnosed in children in 1994, yielding a prevalence of 0.7/100,000 per year. A 3-year-old boy had lymphadenitis coli since one year despite antituberculosis therapy which was initiated because of the histopathological picture and a positive tuberculin reaction (despite negative mycobacteria-cultures and -PCR). Two girls, age 9 and 13 years, had lymphadenitis at upper or lower extremities after cat-scratches from kittens. A 13-year-old boy presented with febrile illness and right hip pain, computer tomography revealed an osteolytic lesion; symptoms subsided within 3 weeks. Diagnosis of cat-scratch disease is based on cat contact, negative studies for other similar diseases, characteristic histopathologic features (if available), and results of an indirect immunofluorescence test (antigen: Houston-1 isolate, ATCC 49882). We believe that the availability of this serological test will increase the number of diagnosed cases of human Bartonella henselae infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Myoelectric activity during small bowel allograft rejection.

The effect of rejection on myoelectric activity of an orthotopically transplanted small intestinal segment (group I, N = 14) was studied. Electrodes were placed on grafts and recipient small bowel. Isografts (group II, N = 5) and native bowel (group III, N = 5) served as controls. The first morphological signs of rejection were seen on day 6 and steadily progressed until day 11, when the cellular infiltrate involved all layers of the bowel wall. Slow-wave frequencies remained unchanged throughout the observation period. No difference was detectable between grafts (group I: 31.9 +/- 1.65; group II: 31.36 +/- 0.7) and native bowel after transection (group I: 32.16 +/- 1.78; group II: 31.50 +/- 1.01), which was different (P = 0.0001) from intact bowel of group III animals (38.4 +/- 0.81). Irregular MMCs were detectable in grafts from day 5 on and replaced after food intake by random spiking activities. At day 8, spiking activities disappeared in allografts, which showed a still preserved mucosal architecture, while slow-wave activities continued. These findings demonstrate that intestinal allografts during rejection develop paralysis before mucosal destruction is established, which might be of clinical relevance.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1994

Teratoma of the umbilical cord. Case report with review of the literature.

Teratomas of the umbilical cord are very rare lesions. We found only five cases in the literature from 1887 to 1993, the latest reported in 1985. We report a case of a 10 x 7 x 5-cm mass located just at the end of an omphalocele in the umbilical cord of a full-term baby. The mass exhibited something like a cranial and a caudal pole, and tissues of all three germinal layers could be found, but there were no skeletal structures. Therefore, this lesion was diagnosed as a teratoma of the umbilical cord. We review the literature and discuss the relationship between the teratoma of the umbilical cord and the holoacardius amorphus.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Precocious puberty due to a lipid-cell tumour of the ovary.

A 4-year-old girl with a lipid cell tumour of the ovary showed isosexual precocious pseudopuberty. The endocrine activity of the tumour led to elevated plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, oestradiol, testosterone and androstenedione. After tumour resection the clinical signs of abnormal hormonal stimulation disappeared within 10 months. The girl developed precocious puberty again 2 years later without any sign of relapse. Therapy with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist was effective although premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis could not clearly be demonstrated by hormonal investigations.

Buserelin↗
PubMed1992

Incarcerated bariolith of the cecum eight months after a barium meal.

Barioliths consist of inspissated barium mixed with feces. They are a rare complication after barium contrast roentgenography and occur almost exclusively in the large bowel. Mostly asymptomatic or causing only slight symptoms and signs, they may persist for months or years. We report a severe case of cecal bariolith. Clinical symptoms and signs, radiological findings, intraoperative findings, and histology are presented and discussed with reference to the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Renal hypoplasia and postnatally acquired cortical loss in children with vesicoureteral reflux.

We reviewed histologically 86 nephrectomy specimens from patients with vesicoureteral reflux (with or without ureterovesical obstruction) to investigate the relationship between coexisting hypoplasia and postnatally acquired cortical damage. Hypoplasia was assessed independently of the acquired cortical loss using medullary ray glomerular counting. Severe hypoplasia (glomerular number < 25% of normal) was detected in 47 of 86 patients. These patients underwent nephrectomy at a significantly younger age than those with minimal or no hypoplasia (P < 0.01). There was no significant relationship between the severity of hypoplasia and the presence or absence of obstruction. Severe acquired cortical loss was found in 68 of 86 patients. There was no significant association between the severity of cortical loss and the presence or absence of obstruction, age at nephrectomy or degree of coexisting hypoplasia. The findings suggest a strong association of hypoplasia and vesicoureteral reflux. Therefore, early postnatal presentation with minimal renal function need not necessarily reflect a failure of management but rather a pre-existing limitation of renal capacity. Furthermore, in a significant proportion of fetuses with ultrasonographic evidence of urinary tract abnormality, renal pathology may be present prior to the time at which in utero surgical intervention may be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Phenotype and topography of human thymic B cells. An immunohistologic study.

Using single and double labeling immunohistochemical techniques and a large panel of monoclonal antibodies against B-cell differentiation antigens, including those newly defined at the Fourth International Leucocyte Typing Workshop, we have examined the immunophenotype and tissue distribution of human thymic B-cells. The existence of a distinct B-cell population as a constant constituent of the thymic microenvironment has been noted only recently. We found a significant population of B-lymphocytes in the thymic medulla expressing the B-cell restricted antigens CD19, CD20, CD22, CD37, CD72, CD76 and IgM and IgD. As with other extrafollicular B-lymphocytes, they differ significantly from both follicle mantle and germinal center cells in morphology and immunophenotype, which points to alternative modes of B-cell differentiation. Thymic B-cells themselves show considerable heterogeneity and a subpopulation with dendritic features and the expression of CD23 has been referred to as "asteroid" cells. Their close association with T-cells and medullary epithelial cells points to a functional role for B-cells in the thymus. A second population of B-lymphocytes together with frequent lymph follicles is found within the extrathymic perviascular space. Though separated from the medulla by a layer of epithelial cells, a clear distinction between the B-cells of these two compartments is not always possible. The intramedullary B-cell compartment shows a parallel numeric increase with the occurrence of germinal centers in the perivascular space, mostly due to an accumulation of B-cells in the medulla adjacent to these lymph follicles. Thus a close relationship between the intra- and extramedullary B-cell population of the thymus seems likely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of autopsy verified infection].

In a retrospective study of 35,220 autopsies performed from 1950 to 1984 in our department, septicaemia was found in 707 cases (2% of all autopsies). The incidence of pyaemia decreased after 1960, whereas that of septicaemia increased significantly. This increase was observed in surgical and medical departments due to patients suffering from neoplastic disease who died of septicaemia (40% of our cases). In the paediatric departments, however, mortality from septicaemia decreased slowly, but continuously. Age distribution revealed two peaks, one in infancy and one in patients older than 60 years. Over the past decade the mean age increased significantly (15 years on average). In blood cultures gram negative bacteria were found more often than gram positive strains.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of diastematomyelia using ultrasound].

During the last two years diastematomyelia was found sonographically in 4 patients and confirmed by myelography combined with CT-myelography. In one case an autopsy was done. Three times ultrasounddiagnosis was established during the newborn-period. Spinal sonography allows soonest diagnosis even in severely ill newborn and premature infants and provides a basis for further examination (M, CT M and MRI). The clinical and radiological features of diastematomyelia and the associated malformations are explained and the indications for spinal sonography in the newborn-period are stressed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transthoracic herniation of the fetal lung: bagpipe lung.

We describe a case of subtotal herniation of a lung through an intercostal space into an extrathoracic (axillary) position that occurred in a 16-week-old fetus. There was no malformation of the thoracic wall other than the hiatus at the site of herniation. The left and the right lungs were of similar size and weights and the lung/body weight ratio was normal. Histology revealed no difference between the normal and the abnormally positioned lung. We were unable to find a report of a similar case of the condition, which has implications for concepts of lung development.

Adult↗