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Biomedical subjects

A Kozlowska

Publications and source records attributed to A Kozlowska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Pemphigus herpetiformis with IgA and IgG antibodies to desmoglein 1 and IgG antibodies to desmocollin 3.

We describe a case with clinical and histologic features of pemphigus herpetiformis associated with IgG and IgA anti-keratinocyte cell surface antibodies to desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) and exclusively IgG antibodies to desmocollin 3 (Dsc3). The clinical presentation was somewhat similar to IgA pemphigus; the main difference was the prevailing association with IgG antibodies to Dsg1. The presence of IgA anti-Dsg1 antibodies was confirmed by IgA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and IgG anti-Dsc3 antibodies were detected by a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the use of baculovirus expressing recombinant Dscs for IgG and IgA. The reactivity of IgG antibodies with Dsc3 was confirmed by COS-7 cell cDNA transfection method using cDNA of human Dsc1 to Dsc3. We discuss the differentiation of pemphigus herpetiformis, associated with both IgG and IgA antibodies, from IgA pemphigus, particularly in regard to the autoimmune reaction with Dsgs and Dscs.

Adult↗

Effect of IFN-gamma on expression of HLA in bare-lymphocyte syndrome-like cell line HAJ.

We compared HLA antigen expression on new B-lymphoblastoid cell line (B-LCL) HAJ with that on B-LCLs expressing normal HLA levels as well as on B-LCLs derived from bare lymphocyte syndrome (BLS) patients and in vitro mutated B-LCLs of BLS-like phenotype. HAJ cells had no expression of HLA class II and low expression of class I antigens similarly to some of BLS B-LCLs, although HAJ cell line was derived from lymphocytes of HLA class I- and class II-normally expressing donor. HAJ cells displayed B lymphocyte markers, surface immunoglobulin and CD19. Culture of HAJ cells in the presence of interferon y resulted in HLA class I antigen upregulation, but did not restore class II expression. The cell line HAJ may prove useful for studies on factors influencing HLA class I cell surface expression.

Animals↗

A novel missense mutation (C622G) in the zinc-finger domain of the human hairless gene associated with congenital atrichia with papular lesions.

Congenital atrichia with papular lesions is a rare, recessively inherited form of hair loss characterized by a complete absence of all body hair shortly after birth. Mutations in the human ortholog of the mouse hairless (hr) gene have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder. In this study, we screened, by direct sequence analysis, the hairless gene in a family of Polish descent and identified a novel missense mutation (C622G). The mutation alters the third of four invariant cysteins in the zinc-finger domain, which has high homology to the C-X-X-C-(X)17-C-X-X-C structure of the zinc-fingers of the GATA family of transcription factors. The human hairless gene encodes a putative transcription factor with restricted expression in the brain and skin, which is involved in the regulation of apoptosis during catagen remodeling in the hair cycle.

Alopecia↗

Erythema gyratum repens-like psoriasis.

A 28-year-old man was admitted to our department for investigation in 1992. He presented with a red, scaly, centrifugally spreading eruption, which had appeared in 1990, beginning on the neck and thorax, and later extending to the trunk and limbs. The cutaneous lesions, located mainly on the trunk and proximal upper limbs, were arranged in rings, with a slightly raised prominent scaling edge (Fig. 1a). The characteristic feature was the presence of rings or waves within already existing rings, whereas the central part was flattened, with the texture of normal skin. The concentric figurate lesions resembled a wood grain pattern (Fig. 1b). The clinical picture was strikingly similar to tinea imbricata; there was, however, no itching, and repeated mycologic studies did not disclose Trichophyton concentricum. The histology was not characteristic. The epidermis, which was slightly edematous, was covered with a heavy crust. In the dermis, a sparse inflammatory infiltrate, somewhat more pronounced in the subpapillary areas, was composed of lymphocytes with some eosinophils. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and other stains for mycotic infection were negative. The general condition was not affected and laboratory studies did not show any abnormalities, except for low serum protein (5.1 g/L) and decreased gamma globulins (10.5%). Cell-mediated immunity was preserved. Immunofluorescence studies (direct and indirect) were negative. In spite of repeatedly negative mycotic examinations and due to the striking similarity to tinea imbricata, we applied various antimycotic therapies (terbinafine, itraconazole), with no effect. The figurate pattern, with normal skin in between, altered from day to day, while new concentric rings appeared within the cleared skin. The migrating rate was about 2-3 cm per 2 weeks. The patient had undergone a thorough search for internal malignancy. During the follow-up period of 1992-98, cutaneous involvement slowly became almost generalized (1996), and the confluent lesions formed large plaques, but still with pronounced concentric rings. Transitional blood eosinophilia (27% in 1993 and 11% in 1996) regressed with no therapy. Since 1995, antibodies to HBs and HBc have been present with no clinical symptoms of liver disease. The blood proteins increased to 7.0 g/L, and gamma globulins to 17.2% (normal). The histology, studied repeatedly, started to display some signs of psoriasis from 1996 and, in 1998, was already consistent with the disease (Fig. 2). RE-PUVA (0.8 mg/kg acitretin and UVA 0.8 J/cm2 ) was applied for 2 weeks before the patient interrupted the therapy. In spite of this, there was further improvement and, in 1999, the patient was almost free of lesions with some abortive rings left. From time to time, single vesicles appeared within the elevated borders of the rings. The histology of such vesicles was consistent with abortive pustular psoriasis (Fig. 3).

Adult↗

Factors affecting membrane feeding of Anopheles stephensi.

The impact of optimal temperature, osmotic pressure, and diet viscosity on the number of mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi) feeding through a membrane, and on the size of the blood meal, was evaluated. An increase in diet viscosity decreased the number of imbibing mosquitoes, reduced the size of the ingested meal, and resulted in a slower rate of weight loss after feeding. The possible effect of these factors on the vectorial efficiency of mosquitoes is discussed.

Animal Feed↗

Defined medium supporting development of cleansed Plasmodium berghei ookinetes in Anopheles stephensi.

Hamsters blood infected with Plasmodium berghei was cultured in vitro for the development of ookinetes. The ookinetes were separated from blood components, suspended in various defined media and fed to Anopheles stephensi through a membrane. The development of the oocysts and infective sporozoites was recorded. Mosquitoes infected with ookinetes suspended in L15 formulated into L15-B, L15-D (a medium specially modified for this purpose), IPL-41 or 199 media with no proteins added, developed at least as many oocysts as the control mosquitoes fed ookinetes suspended in blood. Ookinetes suspended in the L15-B medium yielded more oocysts than after feeding ookinetes suspended in L15-B with 5% casein. Sporozoites from mosquitoes maintained on blood, L15-B, L15-D, or L15-B with 5% casein were shown to be infective to hamsters. Mosquitoes fed ookinetes suspended in sucrose solutions showed very few oocysts, but the yield was increased when a blood meal was given 2-4 days after the infective meal. Some of the oocysts which had developed from the ookinetes suspended in artificial media were found to have degenerated. The described system could be potentially useful for a study of the interaction between the vector physiology and the parasite. The possible use of the system to learn which media should be developed in the future for in vitro cultivation of oocysts is discussed.

Animals↗

The effect of defined media, additive nutrients and metabolites on the development of the sporogony cycle of Plasmodium berghei in Anopheles stephensi.

Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected with Plasmodium berghei by feeding on parasitaemic hamsters. After the infective blood meal they were separated into groups that were maintained on sugar solutions containing different additives. The numbers of oocysts developing in the various groups were then compared. When either casein, haemoglobin or foetal bovine serum was added to the sugar, the yield of oocysts was 1.6-2.1 times higher than that in controls fed only on sugar solutions. When either medium 199, Leibovitz's formulated L15 (L15-B) or 'B' compounds alone were added, the yield of oocysts was 2.3-2.9 times higher than that in the controls. The addition of p-aminobenzoic acid, hypoxanthine, methiolnine, or fractions of 'B' had no significant effect on the number of oocysts.

Animals↗

Effect of dichlorvos on the activity of lipoprotein lipase from adipose tissue, on plasma lipids and postheparin lipolytic plasma activity in rats.

The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) from adipose tissue, the postheparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) in plasma, and the content of plasma lipoproteins were investigated in rats poisoned with dichlorvos (DDVP). Administration of a single dose (50% LD50) resulted in inhibition of LPL and PHLA; the greatest inhibition was observed at 24 and 48 h after administration of the posticide. The metabolism of serum lipoproteins was also altered; the content of triacylglycerols in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) fractions was increased; the content of cholesterol was increased in VLDL and high density lipoproteins (HDL) fractions, and decreased in the LDL fraction. On repeated administration of small DDVP doses (5% LD50) the greatest changes were observed after 90 days of intoxication. The levels of all three determined lipoprotein fractions, as well as PHLA, were decreased. The LPL activity in adipose tissue was slightly raised. The results suggest that DDVP interferes with the metabolism of lipids.

Adipose Tissue↗

Causes of chromate dermatitis in Poland.

A series of 250 consecutive patients with dermatitis and positive patch tests to chromate was divided into three groups: nonoccupational dermatitis (94), occupational dermatitis caused by chromate (132) and occupational dermatitis caused by allergens other than chromate (24). Only 17.2% of patients did not report harmful effects from chromium-tanned leather. Shoes were most often not tolerated. The role of matches in the development of chromate dermatitis is discussed. Observations on ash, household detergents, textiles, wood, tattooing, cement, galvanizing solutions, printer's ink, welding fumes, corrosion inhibitors and oils are described as causes of chromate dermatitis in Poland, as well as the localization of dermatitis and relevance of patch test reactions.

Adolescent↗

Contact sensitivity to trivalent chromium compounds.

The investigations confirmed the known fact that for skin tests larger amounts of trivalent chromium compounds are necessary than those of potassium dichromate. It was also observed that some patients react to relatively higher Cr VI and lower Cr III concentrations and others vice versa. Chromium nitrate and chloride release and that of potassium dichromate was determined and converted to the chromium content in the concentrations used for skin tests. It was found that Cr III compounds cannot be used for skin tests in a 0,5% concentration if only because they are released in undeterminable amounts. Release of Cr III and potassium dichromate from bases containing the same amount of substance when converted to chromium demonstrated that the different release of Cr III is not an additional cause of the fact that much higher concentrations of Cr III compounds have to be used for patch tests than those of Cr VI compounds.

Chromates↗

Sensitivity to some rubber additives.

The frequency of positive patch tests to 13 rubber accelerators in Poland was recorded. Of particular interest was the relatively large group of patients positive to several, mostly chemically unrelated, accelerators. The mechanism of this multiple sensitivity is discussed. Positive tests to N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine were observed in more than half of the patients reacting to several aromatic amines. Anamnesis indicated that in the case of cross-reactions to many aromatic amines, none of the patients positive to N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine had complained of a reaction to rubber products.

Age Factors↗

[Clinical study of resorbable surgical sutures. A suggestion].

There has been attempted in the Institute of Surgery, Wrocław Medical School, in 1975 the clinica study with the purpose of comparative evaluation of two kinds of tissue-resorbable surgical sutures, namely catgut and polyglycolic acid threads. To standardize the basic methods of clinical examination to be followed by teams of experts, basing on literature data and own experience, a proposition was elaborated including indications and methods of choosing the groups of resorbable and non-resorbable threads, aseptic demands, and intraoperative, postoperative and laboratory examinations.

Biological Products↗

[Laboratory and clinical testing of modern adhesive tapes and dressing materials].

Twelve kinds of adhesive tapes and dressing materials produced by Beiersdorf were evaluated using laboratory, experimental and clinical tests. There were performed examinations of physical, physico-mechanical and bacteriostatic properties. Tests for supradermal and intradermal reactivity were performed in experimental animals. Moreover, different clinical tests of these materials were made.

Animals↗