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Biomedical subjects

A Kott

Publications and source records attributed to A Kott.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Analysis of behavioral patterns in five cohorts of patients retained in methadone maintenance programs.

BACKGROUND: Various techniques have been devised to evaluate the effectiveness of long-term methadone maintenance treatment. Traditional comparative analyses of behavior patterns at the time of admission and discharge would be inappropriate, because the majority of patients leave the programs prematurely and under unfavorable circumstances. One approach has been to collect available data on patients who are actively undergoing methadone treatment. METHODS: The sampling population for this study was limited to methadone maintenance patients in New York State who have remained in treatment for 1-6 years. Samples of active patients were drawn from five time-in-treatment cohorts (1-2 years, 2-3 years, 3-4 years, 4-5 years and 5-6 years). A total of 673 patients were included in the study. RESULTS: All five cohorts experienced significant reductions in the number of patients arrested, the number of patients incarcerated, and the number of days incarcerated per patient. Each cohort also experienced large reductions in arrests per patient and moderate increases in employment-related activities, although current rates of employment are still relatively low. A decreased number of child-protective cases were noted over time for those under treatment, along with higher rates of insurance and self-pay for treatment. The self-pay group, however, remained relatively small. No patterns were detectable in the areas of patient hospitalization or emergency room admissions, although the 5-6 year cohort experienced reductions on all measures. CONCLUSIONS: Some favorable changes in the behavior of patients are associated with long-term methadone treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Selected in-treatment outcomes of long-term methadone maintenance treatment patients in New York State.

The New York State Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services (OASAS) licenses the largest system of methadone maintenance clinics nationwide. In 1996, a survey was undertaken to evaluate the functioning of patients continuously active in treatment for ten or more years. Information was obtained on a 10% random sample from the OASAS client data system and the records of the clinics. Data were collected concerning methadone dose, illicit drug and problematic alcohol use, employment, criminal activity, health, living situations, and the primary type of payment for treatment. A contrast group was constructed of discharged patients who had no more than 5 years of continuous treatment. The long-term active patients in the study sample showed superior outcomes on all variables, although some of the differences were small. However, the arrest rate for the discharged contrast group was 20 times as large as the arrest rate for the active study sample. These results are consistent with nationwide evaluations of methadone maintenance treatment. Factors that negatively impacted on the adjustments of the active patients were heavy use of crack/cocaine and disabilities. The long-term active patients in this sample belong to distinct subgroups with different levels of functioning, achievement, and ongoing health and social needs that must be investigated and addressed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1985

Seasonal changes in blood serum protein fractions and in activity of AspAT and AlAT in Arabian brood mares and their foals.

In 34 pure breed Arabian horses divided into four groups (Gr. I--10 pregnant mares, Gr. II--7 barren mares, Gr. III--10 foals born in 1981, Gr. IV--7 foals born in 1982) seasonal changes in total blood serum protein, its electrophoretic fractions and the activity of AspAT and AlAT were studied. Seasonal cyclicity was found in all groups in the amount of total serum proteins, and alpha 2- and beta 1-globulin fractions. Cyclicity was found in the level of albumin and activity of AspAT in three groups, not Gr. II, and in gamma-globulin, not Gr. IV. beta 2-globulin and AlAT cyclicity was found in two groups and alpha 1-globulin cyclicity was found only in Gr. II. Out of nine indices studied, cyclicity was found in eight of them in pregnant mares, Gr. I; in seven in older foals, Gr. III; in six in the young foals, Gr. IV; and in five in barren mares, Gr. II.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1985

Seasonal changes in the white blood cell system, lyzozyme activity and cortisol level in Arabian brood mares and their foals.

In 34 pure-breed Arabian horses divided into four groups (Gr. I, ten pregnant mares; Gr. II, seven barren mares; Gr. III, ten foals born in 1981; Gr. IV, seven foals born in 1982) seasonal changes in the white blood cell system, cortisol level and lyzozyme activity were studied. Seasonal periodicity was found in all groups for the number of lymphocytes, segmented neutrophils and eosinophils and cortisol level. Leukocyte periodicity was found in three groups, but not in the barren mares. In lyzozyme activity there was periodicity in three groups but not in the youngest foals. In the stab neutrophils, basophils and monocytes no cycle was observed. The behaviour of the indices studied showed the influence of age of the horses (mature vs young) and the physiological state of the mares (pregnancy or barrenness).

Animals↗