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Biomedical subjects

A Klaus

Publications and source records attributed to A Klaus.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Co-occurrence of parasites sensu lato in alimentary tract of patients hospitalised in lower Silesia].

Up to now, the co-occurrence of parasites sensu stricto and fungi were confirmed mostly in the oral cavity. The aim of the present parallel parasitological and mycological investigations was to determine co-occurrence of protozoa, helminths and fungi (parasites sensu lato) both in smears from cavity and in stool samples of 93 patients undergoing the non-parasitological treatment in two hospitals of Lower Silesia (Poland). Among the examined patients parasites sensu lato (13 species) were found in 62 cases (63%). Trofozoites of Trichomonas tenax and/or Entamoeba gingivalis as well as fungi (Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis and C. pseudotropicalis) occurred in 10% of the examined patients. Almost all infected cases (90%) were joined with infection of common invasion of protozoa and fungi. In stool common invasion of parasites sensu lato (Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba coli, Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia sp., Enterobius vermicularis as well as Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. pseudotropicalis, C. guilliermondii and Rhodotorula sp.) were found in 12% of the patiens. The co-occurrence of parasites and fungi was stated in the half of invasions. C. albicans was the most often co-occurring species in alimentary tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Molecular analysis of the immune response to human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B. I. Mapping of HLA-restricted helper T cell epitopes on gp93.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most common causes of congenital infection leading to birth defects, and a leading cause of serious illness in patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity. Helper T cell (Th) responses to HCMV proteins are likely to be important in limiting viral replication and preventing disease. Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that the amino-terminal 513 amino acids of HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) can stimulate both B and T cell responses in humans. In the present study, the proliferative responses of HCMV-specific Th clones to recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides were examined to identify four Th epitopes on gp93, which represents the amino-terminal 460 amino acids of the gB polypeptide. Using clones of known HLA restriction specificity from several donors, it was shown that each HLA class II allele preferentially associates with a different epitope on gB. Five clones from two different donors recognized an epitope in the region of amino acids 250 to 264 restricted by DR4Dw14, two clones from different donors recognized an epitope in the region of amino acids 420 to 434 restricted by DR7Dw17, two clones from different donors recognized an epitope in the region of amino acids 178 to 194 restricted by DQw1 and a single clone recognized an epitope in the region of amino acids 190 to 204 restricted by DPw4. Although all peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) expressing a particular HLA class II allele were able to present the appropriate HLA-restricted gB peptide to gB-specific Th clones, not all individuals expressing a given HLA allele exhibited PBMC responses to the corresponding gB peptide. The HLA-related differences in Th recognition of specific epitopes on gB described in this report may have important implications in virus-host interactions and vaccine strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The N-terminal 513 amino acids of the envelope glycoprotein gB of human cytomegalovirus stimulates both B- and T-cell immune responses in humans.

Host defense against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) involves both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. In this report, human immune responses to glycoproteins encoded by the HCMV gB homolog gene have been examined by using glycoproteins purified by immunoaffinity from HCMV virions and recombinant proteins expressed by vaccinia viruses containing either the entire gB open reading frame or a C-terminal deletion mutant, gBm165, coding for the N-terminal 513 amino acids of gB. Neutralizing antibodies, helper T cells, and cytotoxic T cells reactive with epitopes on the N-terminal portion of gB were detected in some seropositive individuals, suggesting that this region of gB may be important in eliciting protective immunity during natural infection for some individuals.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Five- to eight-year outcome of the first laparoscopic Nissen fundoplications.

The operative mortality and morbidity of laparoscopic fundoplication are lower than for the open procedure. Questions have been raised regarding its long-term durability. One hundred seventy-one patients who had undergone laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication at least 5 years previously answered a questionnaire. During this period, 291 patients underwent a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Surveillance data were available for 171 patients at a mean of 6.4 years after surgery. Overall, 96.5% were satisfied and 3.5% were not satisfied with the result of the procedure. Persistent symptoms included abdominal bloating (20.5%), diarrhea (12.3%), regurgitation (6.4%), heartburn (5.8%) and chest pain (4.1%); 27.5% reported dysphagia, and 7% had required dilatation. Fourteen percent were on continuous proton pump inhibitor therapy, but 79% of these patients were treated for vague abdominal or chest symptoms unrelated to reflux, which calls into question the indications for this therapy. Ninety-three percent of all patients were satisfied with their decision to have surgery. The overall well-being score increased significantly from 2.2 +/- 1.6 before surgery to 8.8 +/- 2 (P > 0.0001) at more than 5 years after surgery. Twenty-one percent had undergone additional diagnostic procedures after surgery such as endoscopy and/or barium swallow. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is an excellent long-term treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease with persistent success for more than 5 years. Some patients have continuing symptoms and remain on therapy, but more than 90% of all patients undergoing laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication remain satisfied with their decision to have surgery. These results are at least as good as those achieved with open fundoplication and prove the long-term worth of this procedure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical therapy versus antireflux surgery in Barrett's esophagus: what is the best therapeutic approach?

We conducted a review of the literature comparing medical treatment with antireflux surgery in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE). In particular, we wanted to assess the efficacy of medical and surgical therapies in preventing the progression of Barrett's epithelium to dysplasia or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. In general, few BE patients show complete regression of BE epithelium following medical or surgical therapy. The incidence of developing dysplasia or cancer following surgical therapy appears to be less than with medical therapy; however, there is an insufficient number of current, randomized controlled studies to confirm this. Surveillance of BE is required regardless of treatment. This review suggests that there may be a trend in support of surgery being somewhat better than medical therapy in the prevention of BE progression and adenocarcinoma. We suggest that patients with BE should be considered for antireflux surgery - in particular, certain subgroups of BE patients.

Barrett Esophagus↗