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Biomedical subjects

A King

Publications and source records attributed to A King.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Fallopian tube carcinoma: a clinicopathological study of 17 cases.

From 1969 through 1986, 17 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube were treated at the Loma Linda University Medical Center. Stages I, II, and III of the disease were present in 6, 5, and 6 patients, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 59.9 years. Vaginal bleeding or discharge (57%), followed by abdominal pain or discomfort (29%), was the most common symptom in our patients. A palpable pelvic mass was detected in two-thirds of the patients. One case of carcinosarcoma, one case of mixed mesodermal tumor, and one case of endometrioid carcinoma are included. No patient in this series had a correct preoperative diagnosis. Therapy consisted of surgical resection, usually followed by various combinations of adjuvant radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. The overall 5-year survival rate was 31%. Five patients (29%) are alive without evidence of disease. This study supports the need for collaboration among large centers to define the optimal adjuvant therapy of this disease. In the absence of the desired treatment protocols, such lesions should be approached in a manner similar to that used for ovarian cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Immunocytochemical characterization of the unusual large granular lymphocytes in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle.

Leukocyte populations were studied at all stages of the menstrual cycle using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to natural killer cells, T cells, B cells, and macrophages on frozen sections of endometrium. At the time of implantation (mid-secretory phase) the majority of leukocytes appear to be Leu19+, CD16-, Leu7-, CD2+, CD3-, CD5-, CD7-, and HLA DR- with the morphology of large granular lymphocytes. The numbers of these cells showed a marked increase in the mid-secretory phase. These cells exhibited similar phenotypic characteristics to those found in decidua. These findings, therefore, suggest that the recruitment of these large granular lymphocytes to the uterus is under hormonal control and is not a local response to the presence of invading trophoblast.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Fatal echovirus 7 infection during an outbreak in a special care baby unit.

A case of fatal echovirus 7 infection in a neonate which was probably acquired from the symptomatic mother and an outbreak of infection in a neonatal unit are described. The baby who died had extensive haemorrhagic necrosis of the brain, liver, adrenal glands and kidneys as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Three other babies and one member of staff were found to be infected. No other babies died. Human normal immunoglobulin was administered to all babies on the unit.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparative in-vitro activity of meropenem on clinical isolates from the United Kingdom.

MICs of meropenem were determined for a wide range of common bacteria of clinical importance. For Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Campylobacter coli/jejuni, beta-haemolytic streptococci and anaerobes other than Clostridium difficile, MICs were almost always within the range 0.002-0.5 mg/l. The activity of meropenem for these organisms was always greater than that of imipenem and piperacillin, and was similar to that of ceftazidime and cefotaxime except that strains resistant to these latter, and to piperacillin, were usually sensitive to imipenem and meropenem. Meropenem was also active against most non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, with MICs in the range 0.12-4 mg/l but Pseudomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia was often resistant, as it was to all the other drugs tested. Staphylococci, Strreptococcus pneumoniae and other alpha-haemolytic streptococci were usually more sensitive to imipenem than to meropenem, but even methicillin-resistant staphylococci were sensitive to both drugs (MICs less than 4 mg/l). Enterococci were also less sensitive to meropenem than to imipenem, and Enterococcus faecium was invariably highly resistant to all the drugs tested except ciprofloxacin, which had marginal activity. Results for Ps. maltophilia and Haem. influenzae were affected by media used for sensitivity testing.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

Laminin in human trophoblast--decidua interaction.

Laminin was localized by immunohistology to stromal cells of the human non-pregnant endometrium as well as to similar cells of the decidua. Only small amounts of laminin were detected during the proliferative phase, but significant quantities had accumulated by the mid-secretory phase which persisted in decidua if pregnancy occurred. This cyclical variation suggested hormonal control of laminin production. The presence of laminin could also be demonstrated in decidual cells in culture, most of which was intracellular or pericellular with very little liberated into the culture supernatant. Human first trimester trophoblast cells were observed to attach preferentially to laminin-coated surfaces in vitro. The role of laminin in trophoblast-decidua interaction in vivo is discussed.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1989

Sch 38519, a novel platelet aggregation inhibitor produced by a Thermomonospora sp. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties, structure and biological properties.

The complex containing a new platelet aggregation inhibitor, Sch 38519, was recovered from the fermentation filtrate of Thermomonospora sp. SCC 1793. A chemically defined medium was developed which favored the production of Sch 38519. The antibiotic was isolated from the fermentation filtrate by absorption on macroreticular resin and further purified by ion exchange chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. Sch 38519 is an isochromanequinone structurally related to medermycin, lactoquinomycin and granaticin. It inhibits thrombin-induced aggregation of human platelets with an IC50 of 68 micrograms/ml. Sch 38519 is also active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1988

Epidemic multiresistant Escherichia coli infection in West Lambeth Health District.

A year-long outbreak of multiresistant Escherichia coli K52 H1, predominantly serogroup O15, is reported from south east London. Most patients had urinary tract infections, some with septicaemia; but some cases of septicaemia were associated with pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis--unusual infections for E coli. 3 of these patients died. The organism was acquired in the community, and its source is still being investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Linkage analysis using multiple DNA polymorphic markers in normal families and in families with fragile X syndrome.

Linkage data, using the polymorphic markers 52A (DXS51), F9, 4D-8 (DXS98), and St14 (DXS52), are presented from 14 fragile X pedigrees and from 7 normal pedigrees derived from the collection of the Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humaine. A multipoint linkage analysis indicates that the most probable order of these four loci in normal families is DXS51-F9-DXS98-DXS52. Recombination frequencies (theta) corresponding to maximum LOD scores (Z) were obtained by two-point linkage analysis for a number of linkage groups, including: DXS51-F9 (Z = 5.94, theta = 0.03), F9-DXS98 (Z = 0.51, theta = 0.26), F9-DXS52 (Z = 0.84, theta = 0.27), and DXS98-DXS52 (Z = 0.32, theta = 0.20). A multipoint linkage analysis of these loci, including the fragile X locus, was also performed for the fragile X population and the data support the relative order (DSX51, F9, DXS98)-FRAXA-DXS52. Recombination frequencies and maximum LOD scores, which again were derived from two-point linkage analyses, were obtained for the linkage groups DXS51-F9 (Z = 9.96, theta = 0) and F9-DXS52 (Z = 0.07, theta = 0.45) as well as for the groups DXS51-FRAXA (Z = 2.42, theta = 0.15), F9-FRAXA (Z = 1.30, theta = 0.18), DXS98-FRAXA (Z = 0.05, theta = 0.36), and DXS52-FRAXA (Z = 2.42, theta = 0.15). The linkage data was further tested for the presence of genetic heterogeneity both within and between the fragile X and normal families for the intervals DXS51-F9, F9-DXS52, F9-FRAXA, and DXS52-FRAXA using a modification of the A test. Except for the interval F9-FRAXA (P less than 0.10) there was no evidence of genetic heterogeneity for each of the various linkage groups examined. The heterogeneity detected for the interval F9-FRAXA, however, was most likely due to one family (Fx-28) that displayed very tight linkage between these two loci.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1988

Characterization, evolutionary relationships, and chromosome location of processed mouse HPRT pseudogene.

Studies on a cell line with amplified copies of the mouse hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene and HPRT gene transfer experiments revealed the existence of a nonfunctional HPRT-related sequence in the mouse genome. This sequence was isolated and found to be a processed HPRT pseudogene. With the exception of a small internal deletion, the pseudogene is believed to comprise a complete reverse transcript of HPRT mRNA, although the 3' end of the pseudogene was lost in the cloning process. A probe from a region flanking the mouse pseudogene was used to investigate the evolutionary relationships of mammalian HPRT pseudogenes. The pseudogenes in mouse and Chinese hamster appear to have a common origin, but no homology to any of the four known human HPRT pseudogenes was detected. A pseudogene-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to map the pseudogene to the distal end of mouse chromosome 17.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Bile acids from the harp seals, Phoca groenlandica.

1. The bile acids composition of the harp seal, Phoca groenlandica, collected around Newfoundland, Canada, had been examined. 2. 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy of the crude bile extract was superior to t.l.c. analysis in revealing the presence of phocaecholic acid and a taurine moiety in this mixture. 3. The relative percentage of cholic, phocaecholic and chenodeoxycholic acids was 60.5% (+/- 4.5), 21.4% (+/- 4.0) and 18.1% (+/- 5.8), respectively. 4. The variation in the percentage of bile acids did not correlate with the sex of the sampled animals, but varied significantly with the age of the seals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

European collaborative study of reproducibility of quantitative sensitivity testing of anaerobes.

Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin, cefoxitin, cefbuperazone, latamoxef, metronidazole, clindamycin and chloramphenicol were determined for 15 different anaerobic bacteria including Bacteroides spp., anaerobic cocci and Clostridium spp., in 18 European laboratories, who used their own methodology. The degree of intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility was surprisingly good--87% of results fell on the modal MIC or were within one dilution of it and only 4.4% of the results differed by three or more dilutions. Results for clindamycin were the least reproducible, as were those for clostridia. Of the organisms that we tested Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285, NCTC 9343 emerged as the most suitable for use in quality control, and Peptococcus variabilis ATCC 14956 the most appropriate if a control for more slowly-growing species is required.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1988

The in-vitro activity of PD127,391, a new quinolone.

MICs of PD127,391 a new 4-quinolone, and of CI934 and ciprofloxacin, two previously reported 4-quinolones, were determined for common clinical bacterial isolates by an agar-dilution method. PD127,391 was the most active drug against Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter spp (MICs less than 0.12 mg/l) and as active as ciprofloxacin against Aeromonas spp. (MICs less than 0.008 mg/l) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MICs less than 1 mg/l). It was more active than ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas spp. including Ps. maltophilia (MICs less than 0.25 mg/l). All three drugs had high activity, with PD129,391 again the best, against Haemophilus influenzae Brahmamella catarrhalis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PD127,391 was much more active than the other drugs against Campylobacter coli/jejuni (PD127,391 MICs less than 0.03 mg/l) and Gardnerella vaginalis (PD127,391 MICs less than 0.25 mg/l). PD127,391 inhibited all staphylococci at less than 0.06 mg/l and streptococci at less than 0.5 mg/l, thus being more active than CI934 or ciprofloxacin. PD127,391 was much more active against anaerobic cocci, Bacteroides spp. and clostridia (including Clostridium difficile) (MICs less than 1 mg/l) than was CI934 (MICs less than 16 mg/l) or ciprofloxacin (MICs less than 64 mg/l). No bacterium that we examined required more than 1 mg/l of PD127,391 for inhibition, and there was no cross resistance with unrelated antibiotics.

Anti-Infective Agents↗