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Biomedical subjects

A Kesler

Publications and source records attributed to A Kesler.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Post-shock optic neuropathy].

A case of rare, post-shock optic neuropathy is presented. In most cases, it occurs after blood loss or decrease in blood pressure. We present a woman, aged 47, with this condition in whom 3 possible causes, hypoxia, hypercoagulability and vasodilatation, coexisted. Neurologists and ophthalmologists should be aware of this rare condition, because prompt treatment with steroids and hemodynamic stabilization may significantly improve outcome.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1996

[Optic nerve sheath enlargement and reversal of optic nerve head in pseudotumor cerebri].

Using standard cerebral computerized tomography (CT), we diagnosed pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) and correlated the CT findings with CSF pressure and severity of visual impairment. 13 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PTC were compared with 20 age-matched controls with headache, but without papilledema or other neurologic signs. Cerebral CT consisted of axial sections of the posterior fossa, including the orbits. In all subjects the diameter of the optic nerve sheath, reversal of the optic nerve head, presence of empty sella, and size of the ventricles, cisterns and sulci were evaluated. There were no differences in basal cisterns and ventricles between those with PTC and control subjects. Empty sella was found in 6 of 13 PTC patients, compared with 1 of the 20 controls. Optic nerve sheath diameter in controls ranged from 3.5-5.0 mm (average 4.2 +/- 0.54 mm) but from 4.5-9.0 mm (average 6.8 +/- 1.54 mm) in those with PTC. Reversal of the optic nerve head was seen in 4 cases of PTC but in none of the controls. In PTC patients with opening CSF pressure greater than 270 mm water, the diameter of the optic nerve was wider than 7.5 mm. Thus, in most cases of PTC, bilateral enlarged optic nerves can be measured by standard cerebral CT and intracranial space-occupying lesions can be excluded as well. Moreover, reversal of optic nerve head, and empty sella can frequently be seen on CT in those with PTC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Slowly progressive aphasia, a left temporal variant of probable Pick's disease: 15 years of follow-up.

It is known that word-finding difficulties or anomia are the first signs observed in Pick's disease. We report a 15 year follow-up of a woman who at the age of 52 suddenly developed a speech impairment and only 6 years later showed other cognitive disturbances compatible with Pick's disease. This case demonstrates that nonfluent aphasia and agrammatic aphasia may constitute the first signs of this disease, stressing the importance of prolonged follow-up in such cases.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1991

EBV genome and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in the differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoma.

Head and neck tumors include nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and lymphoma. The differential diagnosis of these tumors is based on histology, immunocytochemical staining, and EBV serology. In rare cases it might be difficult to distinguish between NPC and lymphoma in HE section or biopsies. DNA hybridization with cloned EBV and human immunoglobulin gene fragments allows the detection of EBV-related sequences and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements. The presence of EBV genome supports the diagnosis of NPC or EBV related BL, while rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes points to B-cell lymphoma. The diagnosis in 11 patients suspected of head and neck tumors was carried out by hybridization of DNA extracted from the tumors and assayed with cloned EBV and IgHCJ DNA probes. One patient proved to have EBV-associated BL based on positive hybridization with EBV probes and immunoglobulin rearrangement, presenting a unique hybridization with cloned EBV DNA BamHI W fragment, with bands of 3.2 and 3.9 kb. BL was confirmed in this patient by demonstration of c-myc rearrangement. A second patient was negative in hybridization with EBV, and positive for immunoglobulin rearrangement, and therefore was diagnosed as having B-cell lymphoma. In seven patients NPC was confirmed by hybridization with EBV-DNA probes. In two patients, both NPC and B-cell lymphomas were excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Fever in various rheumatic diseases.

In many rheumatic diseases fever may occur. This review presents data about the frequency of fever in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, crystal induced arthritis, various vasculitides and sarcoidosis. The mechanism by which body temperature rises in these situations is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration heralding fallopian tube adenocarcinoma.

The objective of this paper is to describe an 81-year-old woman with subacute cerebellar degeneration due to fallopian tube adenocarcinoma. Serum anti-Yo antibodies were used to screen for pelvic malignancy. Their presence led to a meticulous search, which included bilateral salpingoophorectomy. Subsequently an occult fallopian tube adenocarcinoma was discovered. This case report highlights the diagnostic value of antineuroneal antibodies in females with subacute neurologic impairment in the form of paraneoplastic syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pupil size in Jewish theological seminary students.

PURPOSE: To investigate the authors' clinical impression that pupil size among myopic Jewish theological seminary students is different from pupil size of similar secular subjects. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 28 male Jewish theological seminary students and 28 secular students or workers who were matched for age and refraction. All participants were consecutively enrolled. Scotopic and photopic pupil size was measured by means of a Colvard pupillometer. Comparisons of various parameters between the groups were performed using the two-sample t-test, Fisher exact test, a paired-sample t-test, a two-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficients as appropriate. RESULTS: The two groups were statistically matched for age, refraction, and visual acuity. The seminary students were undercorrected by an average of 2.35 diopters (D), while the secular subjects were undercorrected by only 0.65 D (p<0.01). The average pupil size was larger in the religious group under both scotopic and photopic luminance. This difference was maintained when the two groups were compared according to iris color under both conditions, reaching a level of statistical significance (p<0.0001). There was a significant difference in photopic pupil size between dark and light irises (p=0.049), but this difference was not maintained under scotopic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The average pupil size of young ultraorthodox seminary students was significantly larger than that of matched secular subjects. Whether this is the result of intensive close-up work or of apparently characteristic undercorrection of the myopia is undetermined.

Adult↗