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Biomedical subjects

A Kerr

Publications and source records attributed to A Kerr.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Defibrillators in general practice.

After a successful pilot scheme introduced in 1975, when six portable defibrillators were provided for health centres, an additional 50 defibrillators were provided in February 1982 for general practitioners to use. Between December 1975 and February 1984 defibrillation was attempted in 54 patients who collapsed with clinical cardiac arrest in the presence of general practitioners or less than five minutes before their arrival. A cardiac output was achieved in 32 patients, 28 survived to reach hospital via a mobile coronary care unit, and 22 were discharged alive. Of the 28 admitted to hospital, 24 were found to have myocardial infarction. If all general practitioners carried defibrillators they might make an important dent in the early mortality from myocardial infarction in addition to that achieved by a mobile coronary care unit.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Agrocins and the biological control of crown gall.

Agrocin 84 is a plasmid-encoded, fraudulent adenine nucleotide antibiotic responsible for the preventative biological control of the plant cancer, crown gall. It has bacteriocin-like selectivity which is dependent on a Ti-plasmid-encoded permease in pathogenic agrobacteria. Other nucleotide agrocins have been described and partially characterized; more may be confidently predicted.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of extractable mutagenic activity in steel foundry air particulates of different sizes.

An Andersen 2000 sampler was used to collect different size classes of airborne particulate matter in a large steel foundry. When extracts of these particles were assayed for mutagenicity using the Ames Salmonella/S-9 assay, much of the mutagenic activity was found in particles of respirable size. Furthermore, mutagens requiring activation were distributed among the various size classes roughly in proportion to the total surface area of the particles with the smallest class (less than 1.1 micron) containing by far the largest amount of mutagenic activity. The distribution of direct-acting mutagenic activity was more variable and in some samples the bulk of this activity was in the largest size class (greater than 7.0 micron).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1983

Expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in malignant myeloblasts.

Blast cells from untreated cases of acute leukemia were examined for expression of terminal transferase enzyme (TdT) by immunofluorescence and for myeloid lineage commitment as demonstrated by the presence of myeloperoxidase enzyme at the ultrastructural level. In three cases, an overlapping expression of the "lymphoid-specific" marker TdT was found on peroxidase-positive myeloblasts. These results indicate either the clonal expansion of a rare TdT-positive myeloid precursor or inappropriate expression of TdT by malignant myeloblasts, and further illustrate that TdT expression must be interpreted with caution when distinguishing between lymphoid and myeloid leukemias.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Two cases of ring chromosome 11.

Two cases of ring chromosome 11 are reported. Both had mental retardation, microcephaly, and short stature. High resolution G banding in case 1 showed no visible loss of chromatin, the karyotype being assessed as 46,XX,r(11) (p15 X 4q2 X 5). In case 2, a Wilm's tumour developed at 8 months and the child died at 18 months. Cytogenetic analysis by Q banding demonstrated minimal chromosome deletion and the karyotype was considered to be 46,XY,r(11) (p15q25).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic imaging of the coronary arteries in open-chest humans: evaluation of coronary atherosclerotic lesions during cardiac surgery.

We explored techniques that would allow the surgeon to localize coronary artery lesions demonstrated angiographically or to supplement angiographic information in patients who are undergoing coronary artery bypass procedures by intraoperative scanning of the coronary arteries using ultrasound. A 9-MHz electronically focused water-path ultrasound scanner was first used to image the coronary arteries in three anesthetized, open-chest sheep. In a subsequent study, 10 human subjects undergoing cardiac surgery for valve replacement who had normal coronary angiograms were scanned during heart surgery to provide images of normal coronary arteries. The ultrasound probe was sterilized with gas and placed directly on the beating heart by the surgeon. In the third phase of this study, 21 patients with coronary artery disease were scanned and the ultrasonic appearance of their imaged coronary lesions was compared to independently interpreted angiographic estimates of percent obstruction, with close correlation (r = 0.91). The ultrasound scan could be used to identify lesions in vessels beyond proximal occlusions, which are not visualized well angiographically, and could localize the site of lesions to determine placement of saphenous vein bypass grafts. This new technique may provide a method for evaluating coronary atherosclerotic lesions during coronary artery surgery and aid decisions regarding placement of saphenous vein grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Substituents at N6 and C-5' control selective uptake and toxicity of the adenine-nucleotide bacteriocin, agrocin 84, in Agrobacteria.

The inhibition of a sensitive strain of Agrobacterium radiobacter by the nucleotide bacteriocin agrocin 84 has been studied. A structure-function study of the agrocin 84 molecule was undertaken. Two agrocin 84 nucleotide fragments lacking either the N6 or 5'-phosphoramidate substituents were used in uptake studies of [32P2]agrocin 84. It was established that the plasmid-controlled, strain-specific uptake of agrocin 84 is determined by the N6-D-glucofuranosyloxyphosphoramidate substituent. This conclusion is further supported by the markedly reduced uptake of the 32P-labelled fragment lacking the N6 substituent. Equilibrium dialysis studies also indicate that the N6 substituent is 'recognised' by a binding protein involved in the uptake of agrocin 84 into sensitive strains. The nucleotide fragment bearing the N6 substituent is a competitive inhibitor for the uptake of agrocin 84 in vivo with a Ki = 1.0 x 10(-7) M and is itself selectively transported into a sensitive strain at a rate comparable with agrocin 84, but unlike agrocin 84 is non-toxic. By contrast, the fragment bearing the 5'-phosphoramidate is taken up by both sensitive and insensitive strains at a barely measurable rate and is toxic to both.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1979

Biopsies of the Janeway lesion of infective endocarditis.

Janeway lesions in three patients with infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus were biopsied. Two taken before therapy, showed evidence of suppuration and microabscesses. The other lesion which developed while the patient was on appropriate therapy, showed minimal inflammatory reaction.

Adult↗