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Biomedical subjects

A Kawamura

Publications and source records attributed to A Kawamura.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Helicobacter pylori infection influences nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough.

BACKGROUND: Nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough is defined as night-time periods when gastrin pH falls below 4.0 for greater than 1h during administration of a proton pump inhibitor. This phenomenon is a serious problem for patients who require strict control of their gastric acid secretions. AIM: To investigate the prevalence of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough in Japanese subjects during administration of rabeprazole, and to clarify the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough. METHODS: Thirty-one normal male volunteers were examined by ambulatory 24 h gastric pH monitoring four times: without medication, after a morning or an evening dose of 20 mg rabeprazole, and after administration of an H2-receptor antagonist at bedtime, in addition to the morning dose of rabeprazole. H. pylori infection was determined by the 13C-urea breath test and an assay for serum anti-H. pylori antibody. RESULT: Nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough was observed in 12 patients (39%) after the morning dose of 20 mg rabeprazole. In all cases, nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough was inhibited completely by administration of the H2-receptor antagonist at bedtime. Only one patient with nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough had H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION: The absence of H. pylori infection appears to be closely related to the occurrence of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough during dosing with a proton pump inhibitor.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2000

CYP2C19 genotype status and intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole.

BACKGROUND: CYP2C19 has an important role in the catabolism of several proton pump inhibitors. However, the relative contribution of CYP2C19-mediated metabolism varies among the different proton pump inhibitors. AIM: To determine the effect of CYP2C19 genotype status on intragastric pH during dosing with lansoprazole or rabeprazole. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were 20 male volunteers without Helicobacter pylori infection. Their CYP2C19 genotype status was determined by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Twenty-four-hour monitoring of intragastric acidity was performed three times: once without medication, once on the last day of a 7-day course of rabeprazole, and once on the last day of a 7-day course of lansoprazole. RESULTS: Subjects were divided into three groups on the basis of their CYP2C19 genotype status: homozygous extensive metabolizers (homo-EMs, n=7), heterozygous extensive metabolizers (hetero-EMs, n=9), and poor metabolizers (PMs, n=4). The median pH during rabeprazole administration was not influenced by CYP2C19 genotype. On the other hand, the median pH in PMs during lansoprazole dosing was higher than in homo-EMs and hetero-EMs. The percentage of time with pH < 4.0 had a similar tendency to that of median pH. CONCLUSION: CYP2C19 genotype status influences gastric acid suppression by lansoprazole, but not by rabeprazole.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2000

Six-year disease-free survival of a patient with metastatic eyelid squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma after repeated postoperative adoptive immunotherapy.

A 74-year-old male was affected concurrently with squamous cell carcinoma of the left eyelid and adenocarcinoma of the colon, both with lymph node metastasis. He underwent exenteration of the left orbit with left modified radical neck dissection and subsequently resection of the transverse colon with regional lymph node dissection. The patient has been treated by an adoptive immunotherapy as a sole postoperative modality without receiving any chemotherapeutic agents causing immunosuppression. For the adoptive immunotherapy, autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes were activated with an immobilized anti-CD3 antibody and IL-2 for 14 days (the CD3-AT cells). The infusion with 1.38 x 10(10) CD3-AT cells has been repeated 150 times in total at the time of writing. Neither recurrence nor additional metastasis has been detected for 6 years after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Overexpression of mitochondrial citrate synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana improved growth on a phosphorus-limited soil.

The gene for mitochondrial citrate synthase (CS) was isolated from Daucus carota (DcCS) and introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana (strain WS) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Characteristics of citrate excretion were compared between T3 transgenic plants, which were derived from the initial transgenic plants by self-fertilization and homozygous for DcCS, and the control plants that had no DcCS. The highest CS activity 0.78 micromol protein min(-1) exhibited by the transgenic plants was about threefold greater than that found in the control plants (0.23-0.28 micromol protein min(-1)). Western analysis of the transgenic plants showed two CS signals corresponding to signals obtained from both D. carota and A. thaliana. Thus, it appears that the CS polypeptides by ectopic expression of DcCS were processed into the mature form and localized in the mitochondria of A. thaliana. The signal corresponding to the mature form of DcCS were greater in the transgenic plants having higher levels of CS activity. When the transgenic plants were grown in Al-phosphate media, a correlation between the levels of CS activity and the amounts of citrate excreted into the medium. The highest value (5.1 nmol per plant) was about 2.5-fold greater than that from control plants (1.9 nmol per plant). Both growth and P accumulation were greater in transgenic plants with high CS activity than that in control plants when they were grown on an acid soil where the availability of phosphate was low due to the formation of Al-phosphate. It appears that the overexpression of CS in A. thaliana improves the growth in phosphorous limited soil as a result of enhanced citrate excretion from the roots.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed2000

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism associated with a huge uterine myoma--a case report.

A 51-year-old woman with a large uterine myoma suffered from acute pulmonary thromboembolism. Venography revealed thrombosis in the right common iliac vein and almost complete obstruction of the left common iliac vein. The ascending lumbar vein showed collateral drainage. Treatment was initiated with continuous intravenous heparin sodium, and a Greenfield filter was inserted to prevent the extension of the pulmonary embolism during and after hysterectomy. After a total hysterectomy, venography revealed restoration of patency in the bilateral common iliac veins, and no flow was seen in the ascending lumbar vein. Thorough clinical examinations failed to identify any other prothrombotic conditions. These results suggest that a large uterine myoma compressed veins in the pelvis, and the resulting impaired blood flow caused deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Delayed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea seven months after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma--case report.

A 51-year-old female had undergone transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma producing growth hormone. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage occurred during surgery. The sella turcica and sphenoid sinus were packed with abdominal fat and fibrin glue, buttressing the closure with a fragment of sphenoid bone. No CSF rhinorrhea occurred postoperatively. Severe meningitis developed 7 months later. CSF rhinorrhea occurred 10 days after readmission. Exploration through the transsphenoidal approach identified a small hole at the floor of the sella and CSF leaking into the sphenoid sinus through the hole. The CSF leakage stopped after the second surgery. Delayed CSF rhinorrhea without bromocriptine administration is very rare. The cause of delayed CSF rhinorrhea remains unclear. CSF rhinorrhea should be suspected if meningitis develops even months after transsphenoidal surgery.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

[Use of modified infrared aural canal thermometers during cardiac surgery].

Two kinds of modified infrared aural canal thermometers (Mimippi, Superthermo) are currently available in Japan. We therefore evaluated their accuracy and precision for clinical use. For the purpose of this investigation, we considered accuracy to be the mean difference between the test thermometers and the reference thermocouple. Precision was examined from the standard deviation of the difference between the test and reference values. We evaluated ten patients for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery under mild hypothermia (approximately 32 degrees C). Aural canal temperatures were measured in a random order with each infrared thermometer, and compared with readings from a thermocouple positioned at the contralateral tympanic membrane. Compared with the thermocouple, the Mimippi had regression slope 0.87 and correlation coefficient 0.79. In contrast, slope of the Superthermo regression was 0.74. The correlation coefficient for the Superthermo was 0.71. The accuracy (offset, or bias) was 0.91 degree C with the Mimippi. In contrast, it was 1.32 degrees C with the Superthermo. The precision (standard deviation) of the Mimippi was 0.65. In contrast, it was 0.73 degree C with the Superthermo. We conclude that both thermometers were moderately accurate and precise for perioperative use.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed2000

[Predictors of prognosis after angioplasty in the unprotected left main coronary artery].

OBJECTIVES: The short-term and long-term predictors of outcome after coronary angioplasty in the unprotected left main coronary artery were investigated. METHODS: The procedure was performed in 122 consecutive patients for de novo lesions without myocardial infarction in our hospital between April 1986 and October 1998, including 16 emergency cases. Procedures were directional coronary atherectomy (73 patients), balloon angioplasty (31 patients), and stent implantation (18 patients). There were 101 males and mean age was 68 +/- 10 years. Follow-up angiography was performed in 98% of discharged patients, and all patients were clinically followed up for more than 1 year. Clinical and angiographic predictors of in-hospital and long-term outcome were evaluated. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality was 5.7% (7 of 122 patients). Multivariate analysis revealed that more patients were admitted as emergency cases (57% vs 10%, p = 0.0088), with left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 35% (57% vs 22%, p = 0.029) and renal failure (43% vs 3%, p = 0.0004) finally died. Mean follow-up period was 3.5 years. Estimated survival rate was 77.1%, and cardiac-death free survival rate was 81.0% at 5 years by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of cardiac death were emergency angioplasty, renal failure, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, multivessel disease and unstable angina and/or congestive heart failure. Cox's regression model showed that renal failure (p = 0.0004) and multivessel disease (p = 0.0075) were significant predictors of long-term prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Renal failure was the strongest predictor of outcome after unprotected left main coronary artery angioplasty.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation steps are crucial for the induction of CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 gene expression by phenobarbital.

The effects of several protein kinase activators and protein phosphatase inhibitors on the phenobarbital (PB)-induced gene expression of CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 (CYP2B1/2B2) in adult rat hepatocytes were investigated. Insulin, epidermal growth factor, interleukin 6, cAMP, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, tumor necrosis factor alpha, vanadate, and okadaic acid were found to suppress the induction of CYP2B1/2B2 at mRNA and protein levels in hepatocytes. cAMP and vanadate completely suppressed the induction of CYP2B1/2B2 gene expression in both rat hepatocytes and liver. The addition of genistein to vanadate-treated hepatocytes partially recovered the induction of CYP2B1/2B1 gene expression by PB. These results of the present study demonstrate that phosphorylation/dephosphorylation steps are crucial for the induction of CYP2B1/2B2 gene expression by PB.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Bacteriological investigation of an outbreak of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning caused by Japanese food without animal protein.

An outbreak of Clostridium perfringens food poisoning occurred in a senior citizen's home in Japan. Japanese food, spinach boiled with fried bean curd, was considered to be the causative food as a result of the detection of the C. perfringens enterotoxin gene by nested PCR. The number of enterotoxin-positive C. perfringens was enumerated as 4.3 x 10(5)/g in the causative food by the MPN method combined with nested PCR. By cultivation, enterotoxin-positive C. perfringens was isolated from all the fecal specimens of patients tested and the causative food. The isolates from patients were serotypable, heat-resistant and the majority produced enterotoxin, however most isolates from the causative food were nonserotypable, enterotoxin-negative and heat-sensitive.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Impaired recoloration of a discordant liver xenograft in the guinea pig-to-rat combination: physiological insults or immunological responses.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to clarify, using guinea pig (GP) syngeneic and xenogeneic liver graft models, the mechanisms of impaired recoloration caused by immunological responses or physiological insults; and to examine the effect of an anti-complement agent, FC43 emulsion, on xenograft rejection. METHODS AND RESULTS: GP syngeneic and xenogeneic liver grafts flushed with 4 degrees C lactated Ringer's solution were poorly perfused around the porta hepatis, whereas those flushed with 15 degrees C solution were immediately recolored, and the portal venography confirmed homogeneous perfusion throughout the GP livers. Impaired recoloration of GP xenografts was also ameliorated by reduction of ischemic time. Pretreatments with FC43 emulsion significantly extended xenograft survivals. Rejected GP liver xenografts showed C3 deposits on sinusoids and central veins and IgM deposits faintly stained only on some small vessels, but there were no detectable deposits of IgG. CONCLUSIONS: The impaired recoloration in this model may be caused by physiological insults during the initial stage of revascularization, and the immunological responses that probably followed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

On the structure of endogenous ouabain.

The ouabain-like sodium pump inhibitor in mammals (so-called "endogenous ouabain") has been considered a subtle structural isomer of ouabain. Its structural investigation, however, has long been hindered by the paucity of sample material. Our recent purification of endogenous ouabain (3 micrograms) from bovine hypothalamus allowed the measurement of its 1H-NMR. The obtained spectrum as well as reexamination of past microscale structural studies on endogenous ouabain led us to identify the purified material as ouabain in an unusual manner. It turned out that the structural analysis had been complicated by a facile ouabain-borate complexation in borosilicate glassware. In retrospect, it is not surprising that the polyhydroxylated ouabain molecule serves as a polydentate ligand to inorganic species. In its physiological environment, ouabain may exist as some unknown complex. The chemical species giving rise to the reported biological activities of hypothalamic inhibitory factor preparations remain to be clarified.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Theoretical and experimental CD of conformationally flexible complex molecules-application to ouabain pentanaphthoate and analogs.

Theoretical calculation of circular dichroic exciton-coupled spectra of ouabain 1,19,2',3',4'-pentanaphthoate and its analogs was executed by a combination of conformational analysis with molecular mechanics and quantum-chemical calculation. Most of the calculated CD spectra show good agreement with the corresponding experimental data, which suggests that the method may be generalized for applications to other conformationally flexible natural products. The CD calculation was then used to evaluate the plausibility of "fortuitous CD cancellation," which was observed in the microscale naphthoylation study of hypothalamic inhibitory factor, a presumed ouabain isomer from bovine hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Changes of plasma fibronectin in patients treated with cryofiltration for an extended period.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate correlations between extra domain A fibronectin (EDA[+]FN) in plasma and the clinical course in cryofiltration for an extended period. Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 1 with aortitis syndrome, 1 with ankylosis spondylitis, 1 with polymyositis, 1 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 1 with chronic rejection of a kidney graft, were regularly treated with cryofiltration for more than 3 years. The average level of EDA(+)FN in each year did not show significant change in clinically stable patients with aortitis syndrome, polymyositis, and SLE. In the patient with ankylosis spondylitis, the average level of EDA(+)FN in each year elevated, so cryofiltration was performed frequently. On the other hand, cryofiltration could not attenuate the progression in the juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patient. In the patient with chronic rejection of a kidney graft, kidney function without hemodialysis could be prolonged for 33 months by cryofiltration. The average level of EDA(+)FN elevated as the graft function got worse. Changes of average level of EDA(+)FN in plasma corresponded with changes in the clinical courses of patients with autoimmune disease and chronic rejection of a kidney graft. The EDA(+)FN level might give prognostic information and determine the interval of cryofiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

New technique of leukocytapheresis by the use of nonwoven polyester fiber filter for inflammatory bowel disease.

Leukocytapheresis (LCAP) is widely used for the treatment of immunological diseases. We studied a new treatment of LCAP using a nonwoven polyester fiber filter. In a basic study, 30-70% of leukocytes were removed. Also, 30-68% of the leukocyte subsets were removed. Sixteen inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, mainly with ulcerative colitis (UC), were treated by this method. Their cytokine activity was normalized in the filter and in the peripheral blood. Eleven of 12 patients with UC were induced to remission. Four patients with Crohn's disease (CD) exhibited improvement. The LCAP using a nonwoven polyester fiber filter was very efficient for treating the patients with IBD. Also, it will be a very useful treatment for immunological diseases and extracorporeal immunomodulation.

Adult↗