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Biomedical subjects

A Kawabata

Publications and source records attributed to A Kawabata.

98 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased dopamine and increased norepinephrine levels in the spontaneously epileptic rat, a double mutant rat.

Dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) brain levels and turnover rate were examined in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER: zi/zi, tm/tm), a double mutant rat obtained by mating tremor heterozygotes (tm/+) with zitter homozygotes associated with epileptic seizures composed of spontaneously occurring tonic convulsion and absence-like seizure. DA and NE levels were also determined in age-matched male zitter, tremor and Kyo: Wistar rats. DA levels in caudate nucleus were significantly lower in adult age (10-12 weeks) SER, which showed epileptic seizures, and zitter rats than in adult Kyo: Wistar and tremor rats. DA levels in other areas such as thalamus-hypothalamus, midbrain, and pons medulla were not different among SER, zitter, tremor, and Kyo: Wistar rats at age 10-12 weeks. Except in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, there were no differences in brain DA levels between young seizure-free SER (age 5 weeks) and young Kyo: Wistar rats. Furthermore, the turnover rate of DA was significantly lower in caudate nucleus of adult SER than of Kyo: Wistar rat, whereas in pons-medulla there was no difference between the two strains. In contrast, NE levels in the thalamus-hypothalamus, midbrain, cerebellum and pons-medulla were higher in SER and zitter rats at age 10-12 weeks than in age-matched tremor and Kyo: Wistar rats. Higher NE levels were also observed in midbrain, cerebellum, and pons-medulla of young SER as compared with young Kyo: Wistar rats. Turnover rates of NE were significantly lower in pons-medulla and cerebellum of the adult SER than in those of Kyo: Wistar rat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The differential diagnosis of pancreatic cysts by MR imaging.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MR imaging) in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the pancreas was assessed. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Pseudocyst was present in 9 patients, retention cyst in 4, simple cyst in 2, serous cystadenoma in 1, mucinous cystadenoma in 6, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in 6. The relative signal intensity (SI) of each cystic lesion on MR imaging was assessed in comparison with that of the liver. RESULTS: It was difficult to distinguish the cystic types from each other based on the SI on MR images. Insofar as mucinous cystic tumors, those containing gelatinous mucin showed higher SI on T1-weighted images than those containing mucinous but watery fluid. five of the 6 mucinous cystic tumors containing gelatinous mucin were histologically malignant, whereas all except one those containing watery fluid were benign. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the SI on T1-weighted images may be useful in distinguishing malignant from benign mucinous cystic tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potentiality of dissection of the lymph nodes with preservation of the nerve plexus around the superior mesenteric artery.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Periampullary cancer frequently metastasizes to the lymph nodes around the superior mesenteric artery. Simultaneous dissection of the nerve plexus around the SMA, however, often results in intractable diarrhea. This study was performed to examine the extent to which regional lymph nodes may be dissected while preserving the superior mesenteric nerve plexus during radical surgery for periampullary cancer. METHODOLOGY: The pancreas and surrounding tissue from ten adult autopsied subjects were sectioned at 5 mm intervals. The structure of the nerve plexus and the distribution of the lymph nodes were analyzed, and the anatomical relationship between the nodes and the nerve plexus was investigated. RESULTS: The average thickness of the PLsma was 4.2 +/- 1.3 mm, becoming thinner from the root to the periphery. The lymph nodes were distributed uniformly on the right and left hemicircles of the superior mesenteric artery and along its longitudinal axis. The average number of lymph nodes was 14.2 +/- 7.5 per subject, and the average maximum node diameter was 3.3 +/- 2.3 mm. The distance from the adventitia of the superior mesenteric artery to the node was 5.5 +/- 2.0 mm. Of a total of 142 lymph nodes, 134 (94.4%) were located outside of the nerve plexus. CONCLUSION: Dissection of the superior mesenteric lymph nodes while preserving the superior mesenteric nerve plexus is theoretically possible.

Humans↗