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Biomedical subjects

A Katz

Publications and source records attributed to A Katz.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Clinical, biochemical, and pathologic features of radiation-associated hyperparathyroidism.

The clinical, biochemical, and pathologic findings in 43 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and a history of irradiation to the head or neck were compared with those found in a group of 162 patients with HPT without prior irradiation. There were no differences between the groups with regard to mean age at the time of diagnosis, male to female ratio, serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone concentrations; in the frequency of single parathyroid adenomas v multiglandular disease; or in associated nonthyroidal neoplasms. Asymptomatic HPT was found with greater frequency in the irradiated patients. Almost 80% of the patients with a history of irradiation had concomitant thyroid disease, primarily adenomas and carcinomas, while less than 50% of the patients without a history of irradiation had thyroid disease, mainly colloid nodules, at surgery.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[The abdomen in multiple-injured patients. Comparative study on 225 multiple-injured patients with and without abdominal lesions. Incidence of abdominal complications].

Of 225 patients with multiple injuries and a high lesional score, 100 presented traumatic abdominal lesions. Comparison of the two groups confirmed both the usefulness and validity of a traumatic index and the reliability of abdominal puncture-lavage. Abdominal complications were analyzed. Mortality in all multiple injury cases, with or without abdominal lesions, was identical in this series where emergency surgery was performed only for lesions affecting vital organs, the mean age of patients with abdominal lesion being significantly lower. An attitude to adopt when deciding whether surgery is necessary is proposed.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Radiation therapy for subclinical carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes.

Radiotherapy alone was used to treat 187 patients with a head and neck cancer and clinically uninvolved lymph nodes. Delayed lymph node metastases developed in 35 (19%) patients, and concomitant tumor at the primary site was present in 90% of them. In two (1%) of the 187 patients, delayed metastases developed in the irradiated nodes with the primary tumor controlled; both of these patients received a radiation dose of less than 5,000 rad. Metastases in supraclavicular and posterior cervical regions occurred in 4% of the patients; and these sites were not included in the original radiation fields. The following conclusions were reached: (1) a radiation dose of 5,000 rad or more can eradicate 99% of the subclinical carcinomas in lymph nodes; (2) whole-neck irradiation is not indicated in patients with N0 stage tumor; and (3) surgical resection of primary tumors alone, without added neck dissection, may be adequate if postoperative radiation therapy is planned.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1982

Nail patella-like renal lesions in the absence of skeletal abnormalities.

Glomerular lesions typical of the nail-patella syndrome were found in the renal biopsy of a patient with microscopic hematuria. Extensive clinical and radiologic examinations failed to reveal skeletal or other abnormalities characteristic of this syndrome. The possibility that the typical ultrastructural changes of the nail patella syndrome may be present in other renal diseases must be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Determination of human muscle pH in needle-biopsy specimens.

The homogenate technique for the determination of muscle pH (pHm) has been studied to assess the influence of delayed freezing and the composition and volume of the homogenizing medium on human muscle pH at rest and after exhaustive exercise. It was concluded that resting muscle samples must be frozen within 2 s to prevent falsely high pHm values. Muscle specimens used for lactate determinations (HLam), on the other hand, can be delayed in freezing for up to 30 s without altering the HLam content. A 30- to 40-s delay in biopsying the muscle after the cessation of exhaustive exercise does not appear to alter pHm or HLam values. Although the homogenate method does not provide information relative to the status of selected muscle fibers, it does offer a reliable sensitive measure of mean changes in the acidification of muscle with intense exercise.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1981

Substrate-adhering lymphoid cells show impaired tumorigenicity and increased immunogenicity.

Cell adhesiveness is fundamental to a variety of biological phenomena, including tumour development and metastasis. Recently, Bubenik et al. have reported that in various malignant fibroblastoid cell lines those cells which demonstrated less adhesiveness were more tumorigenic. The relationship between cell adhesiveness, transformation and metastasis has been studied extensively in cells (fibroblastoid) grown as monolayers attached to their substratum and to each other, but, to our knowledge, there has been no report describing this relationship in suspension-borne (lymphoid) cells that grow free of each other and their substratum. We report here that substrate-adhering variant cells, selected from the tumorigenic, suspension-growing S49 mouse lymphoma, have impaired tumorigenicity. Furthermore, the substrate-adhering cells also have increased immunogenicity, as their inoculation into mice protects the mice from subsequent challenges with parental, non-adherent tumorigenic S49 cells. These findings suggest a new approach for the selection of immunogenic cells from suspension-borne tumorigenic cell populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Age-related changes in isolated rat hepatocytes. Comparison of size, morphology, binucleation, and protein content.

Hepatocytes isolated from 6-, 12-, 18-, and 30-month-old female Fischer F344 rats were examined by scanning electron microscopy. No significant change in cell size with age was observed. However, the surface morphology of the cells isolated from the older animals exhibited a significant increase in surface folds. This feature did not exceed 10% of the cell population until 12 months of age and continued to increase to 31% of the cells in 30-month-old rats. From 6 to 12 months of age, there was a significant increase in protein content of the hepatocytes. No further increase in protein content occurred during senescence. An increase in percentage of binuclear cells occurred after 24 months of age. Because ploidy and binucleation increase with increasing age, it appears that the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio changes as a function of age.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Renal manifestations of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Renal failure secondary to crescentic glomerulonephritis developed in a patient who had typical serologic features of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus after two years of therapy with procainamide. Renal function and proteinuria improved after the drug was discontinued and steroid therapy begun. A review of previously reported cases of glomerulonephritis in association with drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus revealed a high incidence of renal failure. Crescentic glomerulonephritis has not to our knowledge been previously documented in drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

[Sero- and biovars of Levinea malonatica (syn. Citrobacter diversus, Citrobacter koseri) in clinical material (author's transl)].

The biochemical and serological examination of 31 strains of Levinea malonatica isolated from faeces, urine, sputum, wound infections and blood showed no correlation of bio- or serovars with the origin of the strains. Serological cross-reactions between O-antigens of L. malonatica and certain Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia enterocolitica serovars were analysed. They are low-titred and seem to be of minor importance. Sensitivity testing revealed the resistance of L. malonatica against penicillin, ampicillin and carbenicillin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

The deuterium isotope effect upon the reaction of fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and butyryl-CoA.

Reduction of the oxidized FAD at the active site of porcine liver fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase by butyryl-CoA results in bleaching of 30 to 60% of the 450 nm absorbance of flavin and in the production of a new absorbance band at 565 nm. The wavelength of the maximum absorbance of this new band (lambda max) is dependent on the chemical nature of the substrate, e.g. this band occurs at 645 nm when beta-2-furylpropionyl-CoA (a pseudosubstrate) reacts with enzyme. Since lambda max for this band is substrate-dependent, the band is most likely the result of charge transfer complex formation between oxidized fatty acyl-CoA, and the reduced flavin of the enzyme. The rate profile for the reaction of butyryl-CoA and enzyme is biphasic at 450 nm but consists of a single exponential process at 565 nm. The rate constant for reaction at 565 nm is approximately 12 s-1 ((butyryl-CoA) = 2.5 x 10(-5) M, pH 8.6), and the 450 nm rate profile can be fit to a rate equation for two sequential reactions of rate constant 12 s-1 and 3.4 s-1, the amount of flavin reduction in each kinetic step being approximately 50%. The deuterium isotope effect measured on each step of the biphasic time course of the 450 nm reaction is very large, in the range kH/kD = 30 to 50. The rate profile at 565 nm for perdeuterobutyryl-CoA is markedly different than that for the protiobutyryl-CoA in that it is biphasic. It appears that two rate processes have been separated by virtue of different isotope effects; the first process shows kH/kD = 2 while the second shows kH/kD = 50. The data are interpreted in terms of a mechanism involving an obligatory charge transfer complex.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1980

Cell substrate adhesiveness in S49 mouse lymphoma.

A new variant subline was selected from S49 mouse lymphoma cells grown in suspension culture. These cells, designated S49-Adh, demonstrate increased adhesiveness to their substratum. This, in turn, allows them to grow as a monolayer. Once a dense monolayer is formed, daughter cells develop as a suspension borne population while still retaining their substrate adhesiveness. Cell substrate adhesiveness is a stable genetic trait insofar as submitting S49-Adh cells to both extended periods of in vitro cultivation in culture medium, or in vivo selection through passage in nude mice didn't change their substrate-adhesive phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Emotional reactions during lumbar extradural anaesthesia.

The degree of anxiety of 26 male and female patients undergoing hernia repair while receiving lumbar extradural anaesthesia was measured using the galvanic skin response. The single, most anxiety-provoking feature during the surgical procedures proved to be verbal interactions directly concerned with the patient's well-being. The psychological implications of this feature are discussed.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1980

Intraparotid haemangioma in an adult: case report and review of the literature.

Capillary haemangiomas are among the common benign tumours of the parotid during infancy and childhood. Cavernous haemangiomas are rare lesions in the adult parotid. A cavernous haemangioma of the parotid is described in a 63-year-old woman. The literature is reviewed and the adult and childhood haemangiomas of the parotid are compared.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗