Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Kato

Publications and source records attributed to A Kato.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic effect of T-1982 (cefbuperazone) on the gynecologic infectious diseases].

T-1982 (cefbuperazone), a new cephamycin antibiotic with broad spectrum against Gram-positive, negative aerobic and anaerobic organisms, was clinically and bacteriologically evaluated on the gynecologic infectious diseases. Fourteen cases hospitalized at Kanazawa Medical University Hospital and the affiliated hospitals from October 1981 to July 1982 were treated with T-1982. By clinical symptoms, signs and bacteriological examinations the patients were diagnosed as pelveoperitonitis (1), intrauterine infection (3), adnexitis (3), infectious diseases of external genitalia (4), infectious abortion (1), vulvar hematoma (1), and rectovaginal fistula (1). T-1982 was administered intravenously or by drip infusion at a dose of 0.5-2.0 g twice a day after dissolved in a saline solution or a 5% glucose solution. Based on the improvement of clinical findings and antibacterial effect of T-1982, results were evaluated as excellent, good, poor and unknown. Clinical effects more than good were shown in 9 of 11 cases which could be followed up exactly on the therapeutic of T-1982. Two cases showing poor response were pelveoperitonitis and pyometra under carcinoma colli uteri stage IIIb, respectively. In 8 of 11 cases, antibacterial effect of T-1982 could be evaluated. Thirteen strains of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were disappeared by T-1982 therapy, while no effect was seen on 5 strains. On the side effect of T-1982, exanthema was observed in 1 case but disappeared soon after the cessation of administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of methylprednisolone on tumor-induced brain edema].

Local cerebral blood flow (LCBF), local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) and capillary permeability were studied in rats with tumor-induced brain edema. Moreover, effects of methylprednisolone on these physiological parameters were studied to analyse a possible role of steroid on treatment of peritumoral brain edema. A cubic millimeter pellet of Walker 256 tumor was transplanted to the left sensorimotor cortex of the rat brain. Animals were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated with methylprednisolone (15 mg/kg/day) for 5 days starting at 5 days after tumor inoculation, and the other group received no treatment. These rats were used for autoradiographic study at 10 days after tumor inoculation. Local CBF, LCGU and capillary permeability were measured with 14C-iodoantipyrine, 14C-deoxyglucose and 14C-alphaaminoisobutyric acid, respectively. In the untreated group, LCBF and LCGU were widely depressed in the cortex and deep structures of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the tumor. Of the methylprednisolone treated animals LCBF and LCGU were significantly better than that of untreated animals. Capillary permeability of the untreated animals were highly increased in the viable part of the tumor. Some increase was also noted in the peripheral edge of the tumor and adjacent brain. In the methylprednisolone treated groups, capillary permeability was significantly lower than that in untreated group. The data suggest that methylprednisolone decreases capillary permeability in the viable part of the tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Reversibility of glucose utilization in focal cerebral ischemia].

Although changes in local cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism during and following transient "global" ischemia have been discussed, no reports for these changes in transient "focal" ischemia have been made. In the present report we studied reversibility of cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism after transient "focal" ischemia. Focal ischmia was induced in rat by clipping a left middle cerebral artery by Zen's clip. Local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) were measured by quantitative autoradiography using 14C-iodoantipyrine and 14C-deoxyglucose, respectively. At 2 and 3 hours after clipping, 70% reduction of LCBF was found in the left sensorimotor cortex. At one hour after restoration of blood flow from 2 hours of occlusion LCBF recovered to 70% of controls. At 2 and 3 hours after clipping, LCGU was low in the territories of the left MCA, which were surrounded by zones of high LCGU. Low LCGU may represent a depressed glucose metabolism and high LCGU, anaerobic glycolysis. The abnormal pattern of LCGU seen at 2 hours after occlusion was clearly improved by restoration of blood flow. The results indicate that glucose metabolism might be reversible in the moderate degree of focal cerebral ischemia, and early restoration of blood flow may be beneficial for glucose metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Nucleotide sequences of tobacco chloroplast genes for elongator tRNAMet and tRNAVal (UAC): the tRNAVal (UAC) gene contains a long intron.

The nucleotide sequences of tobacco chloroplast genes for elongator tRNAMet and tRNAVal (UAC) have been determined. The tRNAVal gene contains a 571 base pairs intron located in the anticodon loop. The tRNAVal gene is transcribed as a 750 bases precursor RNA molecule. Both tRNAs deduced from the DNA sequences show 97% sequence homologies with those of spinach chloroplasts.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1982

Quantitative autoradiographic measurements of blood-brain barrier permeability in the rat glioma model.

Quantitative autoradiographic technique was applied in measuring blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of autochthonous gliomas in rats. In small tumors (less than 2 mm in diameter), no increase in BBB permeability was noted. As the tumor grew and neovascularization occurred, BBB permeability increased in the center of the tumor, and it was suggested that the BBB was partly disrupted in the neovascularized vessels. In the fully grown tumors, BBB permeability was markedly increased in the viable part of the tumor to levels similar to the choroid plexus. Yet, the BBB was partly preserved at the periphery of the tumor and in the brain adjacent to the tumor. The heterogeneity of the BBB phenomenon according to the stage of tumor growth may be a major obstacle for uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs that do not cross the BBB easily.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Local cerebral glucose utilization in the ethylnitrosourea-induced rat glioma].

Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) of anesthetized rats bearing ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced gliomas was studied with 14C-deoxyglucose autoradiography. Single subcutaneous injection of ethylnitrosourea (50 mg/kg) was made to the newborn rats, and animals were used for experiment at 150 to 300 days after birth. Under ketamine anesthesia, 14C-deoxyglucose was injected through a venous catheter, and timed arterial sampling was made. Brains were removed at 45 min after injection, and prepared for macro-autoradiography. LCGU values were measured by the equation developed by Sokoloff et al. In the microtumors (less than 2 mm in diameter), mean LCGU value was 30 mumol/100 g/min, which was significantly (p less than 0.01) lower than mean value of normal cortex (63 mumol/100 g/min). In the macrotumors (greater than 2 mm in diameter). LCGU values in the tumor were separated to high part (mean; 49 mumol/100 g/min) and low part (mean; 38 mumol/100 g/min), which were still lower than mean cortical value and higher than mean white matter value (corpus callosum; 26 mumol/100 g/min). No LCGU changes were noted in the brain tissue adjacent to the microtumors. Whereas, macrotumor significantly reduced LCGU in the adjacent cortex. The present data may indicate that glucose metabolism of the ENU induced glioma and edematous peritumoral brain tissue is lower than that of normal cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The nucleotide sequences of two tRNAAsn genes from tobacco chloroplasts.

Recombinant plasmids which contain EcoRI fragments of tobacco chloroplast DNA carrying tRNA genes were constructed. Plasmids pTC211 and pTC293 contain the base sequences for tRNAAsn in their 1.4 and 1.1 Md EcoRI fragments, respectively. These two tRNA sequences are identical and are; 5'-TCCTCAGTAGCTCAGTGGTAGAGCGGTCGGCTGTTAACCGATTGGTCGTAGGTTCGAATCCTACTTGGGGAG-3'. Each tRNAAsn gene is located at about 0.9 kb apart from the distal end of each 5S rRNA gene and is coded for by the DNA strand opposite from that of the rRNA genes.

Aspartate-tRNA Ligase↗
PubMed1981

Etiology of QT prolongation and T wave changes in chronic alcoholism.

Etiology of QT prolongation and T wave high voltage was studied in 90 chronic alcoholics in relation to history of alcoholism, blood chemical values, heart rate and QRS voltage with a technic of multiple regression analysis. Incidences of QT prolongation (22%), T wave high voltage in lead V2 (9%), hypopotassemia (23%), hypocalcemia (26%) and hypomagnesemia (28%) were high, despite these examinations were done after relatively long abstention period (35 days on average). Sinus tachycardia (19%) and QRS high voltage (SV1 + RV5 exceeding 4 mV, 41%) were also frequent. Unexpectedly, QT interval did not correlate to serum electrolytes, including calcium. Major factors associated with QT prolongation were sinus tachycardia, longer abstention period and larger amount of daily alcohol consumption. Although the reason of each association was not quite clear, alcoholic myocardial damage may be a cause of QT prolongation. Voltage of T wave in lead V2 was sensitive to serum potassium level, but the observed tendency of hypopotassemia acted to the direction against high voltage of T wave. The sole factor positively associated with high voltage of TV2 was high QRS voltage, which may be a manifestation of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Long-term clinical effect of calcium inhibitors in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to the effect of beta-blocking agents. A preliminary report with special reference to the beneficial effect of nifedipine on angina pectoris.

Long-term clinical effects of beta-blockers (propranolol in most cases) and calcium inhibitors (nifedipine in most cases) were studied in 16 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. On overall subjective symptoms, beta-blockers were effective in 50% of symptomatic patients, while calcium inhibitors were effective in only 33%. On angina pectoris, however, calcium inhibitors were superior to beta-blockers in our patients. Blood pressure decreased with each drug, and the decrease was significant with nifedipine. Otherwise there was no change in physical findings with either drug. Long-term (more than 6 months) use of beta-blockers resulted in an increase in cardiothoracic ratio on chest X-ray, a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction on echocardiogram and more pronounced ST-T change on electrocardiogram. Prolonged use of nifedipine resulted in a slight decrease in cardiothoracic ratio, but no systematic change on echocardiogram and on electrocardiogram.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Regional blood flow and capillary permeability in the ethylnitrosourea-induced rat glioma.

Regional cerebral blood flow and capillary permeability of rat brains bearing ethylnitrosourea-induced gliomas of various size were investigated with 14C-antipyrine autoradiography and Evans blue staining. In the small tumors (less than 2 mm in diameter), blood flow was uniformly reduced when compared to the adjacent brain. Even in tiny tumors (0.3 to 0.4 mm in diameter), reduction in blood flow was evident. In the medium (2 to 4 mm in diameter) and large (greater than 4 mm in diameter) tumors, the blood flow increased or decreased depending on the part of the tumor examined. The necrotic center and peripheral edge had low blood flows, whereas the viable portion adjacent to the necrotic center had high blood flows. Blood flow in the brain tissue adjacent to medium and large tumors was lower than control brain tissue, probably due to local edema. Leakage of intravenous Evans blue in the tissue was only evident in the large tumors with central necrosis. The present findings suggest that neovascularization of the tumor may occur when the tumor reaches a certain size, and leaky new vessels may be the cause of brain edema associated with tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Antitumor activity of mitomycin C-dextran conjugate against various murine tumors.

The antitumor activity of a high molecular weight pro-drug of mitomycin C(MMC), MMC-dextran conjugate (MMC-D), was examined against various murine tumors under different experimental conditions. A single intraperitoneal injection of MMC-D exhibited higher antitumor activity against intraperitoneally inoculated B16 melanoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, and P388 leukemia than MMC, but lower activity against BDF1 mouse-transplanted L1210 leukemia. Intratumoral injection of MMC-D showed a superior effect on subcutaneously implanted B16 melanoma, while intravenous injection of MMC-D exhibited reduced activity against P388 and L1210 leukemia compared with MMC. Prior administration of MMC-D at 24 hr before tumor inoculation resulted in a significant increase of the life span of mice bearing L1210 leukemia, suggesting that it shows sustained pharmacological activity. These differences between the activities of MMC-D and MMC in various tumor systems are considered to reflect the improved biopharmaceutical properties of MMC-D resulting from the modification of MMC into a polymeric drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Radiological study of the accessory skeletal elements in the foot and ankle (author's transl)].

The accessory bones and ossification centers in the foot and ankle were studied in 3,460 radiographs of patients over 7 years of age who consulted our clinic for various reasons from January 1967 to December 1979. The patients comprised of 1,639 males and 1,821 females. The accessory ossicles commonly observed were os tibiale externum, os trigonum, and os peroneum in order of frequency. The os tibiale externum is the commonest accessory bones in the foot and is situated at the point where the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle inserts itself into navicular bone. This ossicle was found to be present in 733 out of 3,460 feet (21.3%). As some authors have pointed out, they are observed somewhat more frequently in females than in males. The os trigonum is an accessory bone which is situated behind the posterior process of the talus. This ossicle was found in 438 feet (12.7%). The os peroneum is a sesamoid in the long peroneal tendon where it bends toward the sole of the foot. This was found in 311 feet (9.0%). Other inconstant skeletal elements were less commonly observed. This os intermetatarseum which is usually located in the first, rarely in the fourth, intermetatarsal space, was found in 91 feet (2.6%). When studied meticulously, this ossicle is found more often than is generally believed. The os subfibulare, situated just under the lateral malleolus, was found in 71 feet (2.1%). The os supranaviculare, situated above the talonavicular joint, was found in 35 feet (1.0%). The os subtibiale, situated just under the medial malleolus, was found in 31 feet (0.9%). The os supratalare, situated above the neck of the talus, was found in 25 feet (0.9%). The calcaneus secundarius, surrounded by calcaneus, talus, os naviculare and os cuboideum, was found in 20 feet (0.6%). The os talotibiale, situated in front of the talocrural joint, was found in 16 feet (0.5%). The os sustentaculi, situated beside the sustentaculum tali, was found in 9 feet (0.3%). The talus accessorius, situated beside the trochlea tali, was found in 6 feet (0.2%). The os vesalianum, situated adjacent to the tuberositas ossis metatarsalis V, was found in 4 feet of the adult patients (0.1%). The talus secundarius, situated near the trochlea peronealis calcanei, was found in 3 feet (0.1%). The os intercuneiforme, located between first and second cuneiform and the navicular bone, was found in only one foot of a 33-year-old male (0.03%). This case may be the first observation in Japan of this extremely rare accessory ossicle. The majority of the patients who had these accessory bones in their feet and ankles seemed to have no clinical complaints. Identification of these ossicles is of importance because they may easily be mistaken as fragments of avulsion fractures. An extra center of ossification for the medical malleolus was observed in 11 feet of the children aged 8 to 11 years. The ossification center for the tuberositas ossis metatarsalis V was found in 56 feet of the adolescents...

Adolescent↗