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Biomedical subjects

A Kataoka

Publications and source records attributed to A Kataoka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Constitutive endonuclease to induce high molecular weight or internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in freshly isolated leukemia cells.

Using an autodigestion method, we investigated endogenous endonuclease(s) in leukemia cells freshly obtained from pediatric patients with various types of leukemia. Endonucleolytic activity was found to cause both high molecular weight and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation at a neutral pH in whole cell lysates of all common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) blasts, which was Mg2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent. Whole lysates from most acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cells possessed similar endonuclease activity, but both Mg2+ and Ca2+ were required for the activity. Our results suggest that leukemia cells of different lineages have distinct constitutive endonucleases, which may play a role in the occurrence of apoptosis in these cells.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1997

Squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium with human papillomavirus type 31 and without tumor suppressor gene p53 mutation.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (ESCC) is extremely rare. There has been no report of human papillomavirus (HPV) detected in ESCC. A 64-year-old Japanese female underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and dissection of the pelvic, para-aortic, and bilateral inguinal lymph nodes. The tumor was confined to the endometrium, without invasion of myometrium or cervix. The endometrium was seen to be replaced by moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, without any adenocarcinomatous element. Polymerase chain reaction amplification produced a 244- to 256-bp DNA fragment from the L1 region of the HPV genome. The amplification products were restricted, and the restricted fragment length polymorphism patterns were analyzed. The squamous cell carcinoma DNA was amplified for each exon, 5 through 8, of the p53 gene. The amplification products were used in single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis. The tumor described showed the presence of HPV DNA. This amplified fragment was further purified by extraction from agarose gel, and the DNA was sequenced. Comparison of the fragment DNA sequence with known PV sequences showed that it had been amplified from HPV type 31. This is the first detection of HPV DNA in ESCC. Despite previous reports, HPV cannot not be excluded as a possible factor in the development of the malignancy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1997

The role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) after resection of the pancreas.

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was performed in 35 patients to evaluate the feasibility of its use as a postsurgical imaging technique after resection of the pancreas. The surgical procedures performed were: pancreatoduodenectomy in 22 patients, segmental pancreatectomy in 1, distal pancreatectomy in 7, and pyrolus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy in 5. The pancreatic duct was shown in its entirety in 24 of the 35 patients (68.6%) and was partially visualized in 8 patients (22.9%), but the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts were visualized completely in all patients. Furthermore, MRCP was able to demonstrate lesions in 3 of 6 patients who had shown clinical evidence of recurrence. The visualization of the pancreatic and bile duct system was satisfactory despite anatomical changes brought about by resection of the pancreas. Thus, we conclude that MRCP is an appropriate follow-up screening test for patients with suspected abnormalities of the biliary and pancreatic duct system.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Myelodysplastic syndrome presenting as third malignancy after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and osteosarcoma.

The patient was initially diagnosed as having non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and was cured following treatment with prednisolone, vincristine, daunorubicin, 1-asparaginase, and cyclophosphamide. Seven years and two months later, he developed osteosarcoma in his right femur. He received chemotherapy consisting of methotrexate, carboplatin, etoposide, and ifosfamide and again obtained remission. After 2 years and 7 months, however, he was found to have pancytopenia with morphological abnormalities in the erythroid and myeloid series. Diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) was made. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells revealed -5 and -7, which is typical for secondary MDS. This is a rare case of third malignancy presumably caused by alkylating agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A pregnant woman with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary arising from endometriosis and with benign and borderline adenofibroma of the clear cell and endometrioid types.

We encountered a case of ovarian cancer in a 33-year-old, 8-week pregnant woman. Histological examination revealed both a transitive form of ovarian endometriosis with marked decidual changes due to pregnancy and clear cell carcinoma. Benign and borderline clear cell adenofibroma and benign and borderline endometrioid adenofibroma were also found. Parts of these adenofibromas showed transformation to clear cell carcinoma. This case suggests that clear cell carcinoma can arise from clear cell adenofibromas and/or ovarian endometriosis, even in young patients.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1997

Inhibition of superoxide production and chemotaxis by methotrexate in neutrophils primed by TNF-alpha or LPS.

We have demonstrated recently that methotrexate (MTX) inhibits superoxide generation and chemotaxis induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in neutrophils primed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). To extend these observations, we examined the in vitro effect of MTX on fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation and chemotaxis in neutrophils primed by either tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MTX inhibited superoxide generation and chemotaxis more efficiently in TNF-alpha- or LPS-primed neutrophils than in unprimed neutrophils. When either hypoxanthine or guanosine was added to the culture medium, the effects of MTX were partially counteracted. Furthermore, MTX caused a significant inhibition of both superoxide production induced by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate and chemotaxis induced by interleukin 8 in G-CSF-primed neutrophils. These results may support the hypothesis that neutrophils primed by different stimuli are more susceptible to the inhibitory effects of MTX on superoxide generation and chemotaxis irrespective of chemoattractants. Such an effect can be partly attributed to the perturbation of purine nucleotide biosynthesis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1997

[Adenocarcinoma occurring 37 years after augmentation ileocystoplasty for tuberculous bladder atrophy: report of a case].

A 55-year-old woman was admitted with urinary frequency. She had undergone augmentation ileocystoplasty due to tuberculous bladder atrophy 37 years previously. Cystoscopy revealed a tumor on the posterior wall which had been augmented with the ileum. Partial cystectomy and bladder reconstruction using a segment of ileum and ascending colon were performed. Gross inspection showed a 15 x 10 mm, papillary tumor on the ileal mucosa near the vesico-ileal anastomosis. Histologically, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma infiltrating into the muscle layer was surrounded by the normal ileal mucosa. She has been free of recurrence for 2 years postoperatively. This is the 8th case of adenocarcinoma following augmentation ileocystoplasty reported in the Japanese literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Normal mutation frequencies of somatic cells in patients receiving growth hormone therapy.

The number of reported cases of malignancy developing in growth hormone (GH) users worldwide has increased to more than 40. However, the causal relationship between GH administration and the occurrence of malignancies is still uncertain. We investigated somatic cell mutation frequencies (Mfs) or variant frequency (Vf) at three gene loci in patients with pituitary dwarfism receiving GH therapy to clarify the genetic effect of GH. Eighty-eight patients receiving GH therapy for at least 3 months and 42 age-matched healthy controls were studied. Mfs at hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and T-cell receptor (TCR) loci in GH users were not significantly higher than in the controls. Although a few patients seemed to have a slightly increased Vf at the glycophorin A (GPA) locus, the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no tendency for the Mfs (Vf) at these loci to increase with the duration of the GH therapy. These data seem to exclude the possibility that GH induces genetic instability in patients with pituitary dwarfism who are receiving GH therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Methotrexate inhibits superoxide production and chemotaxis in neutrophils activated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Treatment of circulating human neutrophils with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for 30 min augmented superoxide generation and chemotaxis induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in a dose dependent manner. When neutrophils were treated with 1 microM of methotrexate (MTX) for 60 min after incubation with rhG-CSF (10 ng/ml), the effects of rhG-CSF on superoxide generation and chemotaxis were inhibited by approximately 49 and 29%, respectively. Although inhibitory effects of MTX were also seen in neutrophils not pretreated with rhG-CSF, the degree of inhibition was much less. The addition of either hypoxanthine or guanosine at a concentration of 100 microM to the culture medium significantly attenuated the effects of MTX. However, in neutrophils obtained from a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which lacked hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase activity neither hypoxanthine nor guanosine had any rescue effect. These results suggest that MTX inhibits superoxide generation and chemotaxis in rhG-CSF-activated neutrophils, at least in part, by disturbing purine nucleotide biosynthesis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1996

Leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine presenting as a pelvic mass.

We present a challenging case of differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine in a patient presented with a pelvic mass. This 43-year-old Japanese woman complained of hypermenorrhea and was diagnosed as myoma uteri. She underwent partial resection of the ileum with a primary end-to-end anastomosis, omentectomy, and appendectomy, as well as a simple hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. CT and MRI indicated an intestinal tumor at the gaseous site. The histological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine and leiomyoma of the uterus. Although such leiomyosarcomas are rare, they can appear as pelvic masses and must be differentiated from gynecologic disease. Preoperative CT and MRI of the abdomen were useful in obtaining the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy induces apoptosis in uterine leiomyoma.

OBJECTIVE: We examined uterine tissue samples obtained from premenopausal women with uterine leiomyoma treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) to investigate the mechanism of the effects of GnRHa. STUDY DESIGN: Surgically resected myoma tissue obtained from 26 premenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma treated with GnRHa, 20 premenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma who did not receive GnRHa treatment, and 15 postmenopausal women with uterine leiomyoma were examined histologically. RESULTS: GnRHa treatment reduced the size of uterine leiomyomata and induced significant hyaline degeneration in tumor tissue. Le(Y)-antigen expression was detected in 18 (69.3%) of 26 GnRHa-treated patients (P < 0.02) and in 12 (80.0%) of 15 postmenopausal women (P < 0.05), but in only eight (40.0%) of the 20 premenopausal patients who did not receive GnRHa. Apoptotic cells, detected by the nick-end labeling method were observed in 14 patients (53.8%) in the GnRHa-treated group, 10 patients (50.0%) in the non-treated group, and 12 postmenopausal women (80.0%). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that induction of apoptosis may be a mechanism of the effect of GnRHa in leiomyoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with sarcoma-like mural nodules.

We present a rare case of a 31-year-old woman with a mucinous ovarian tumor with sarcoma-like mural nodules. The epithelial elements consisted of a mixture of benign, borderline-malignant, and mucinous adenocarcinoma; the sarcoma-like mural nodules consisted of pleomorphic and epulis-like cells. The lesion was resected for an ovarian tumor. In an immunohistochemical study, these cells stained for lysozyme and vimentin. The patient received 2 courses of cisplatin (100 mg/m2). There was no evidence of disease at a second-look laparotomy after 1 year, and none upon examination 6 years after the initial operation. The mural nodules might be of non-epithelial origin. The prognosis of patients with this rare lesion appears favorable, according to this and previous reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Experimental intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin-activated carbon for rat ovarian adenocarcinomas.

Selective delivery of a high level of cisplatin (CDDP) to the omentum, intraperitoneal disseminated tumors and lymph nodes was studied using a dosage form of CDDP-activated carbon. Although intraperitoneal CDDP-activated carbon delivered much higher levels of CDDP to the omentum, tumors and lymph nodes, a primary burst phenomenon of CDDP occurred just after administration. This indicates that activated carbon is an unsuitable particle to provide a slow steady release of CDDP.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Combination of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) and cisplatin as a new regimen for patients with advanced ovarian cancer].

It has been reported that the antitumor effect of CPT-11 is manifested through the inhibition of topoisomerase I by SN-38 which is an active metabolite of CPT-11 produced by intracellular carboxylesterase, and that CPT-11 is effective against recurrent ovarian carcinoma. We investigated the antitumor effect and adverse reactions in the combined therapy with CPT-11 and CDDP in patients with prior chemotherapy for recurrent carcinoma, and in 7 patients without prior chemotherapy, consisting of 4 patients with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for clear cell carcinoma and 3 patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. CDDP was administered on day 1 and CPT-11 was administered three times on days 1, 8 and 15. The dose of both CDDP and CPT-11 was 50 mg/m2 or 60 mg/m2. Adverse reactions were investigated in all patients and the antitumor effect was assessed in 12 patients with recurrent carcinoma who had measurable lesions. (1) The DLF was neutropenia. The neutrophil count nadiar occurred on day 18 or 19. Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions were observed in 60% or more of the patients, but they disappeared following short term administration of G-CSF. In patients with recurrent carcinoma given CDDP and CPT-11 at 60 mg/m2, the incidence of grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions and number of occasions on which CPT-11 administration had to be postponed were higher than those in patients given 50 mg/m2. (2) Mild platelet reduction was observed. (3) Grade 3 or 4 diarrhea was observed in 3.2% of patients with recurrent carcinoma and in 7.7% of patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. (4) The antitumor effect was evaluated in 12 patients with recurrent carcinoma: CR in 2 patients. PR in 3, NC in 6, and PD in one. The response rate was 41.7%. (5) An antitumor effect was observed in 2 patients with serous carcinoma and in one patient each with mucous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. In conclusion, adverse reactions caused by the combination therapy with CPT-11 and CDDP (CPT-11: 50-60 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15, CDDP: 50-60 mg/m2 on day 1) can be relieved by short term administration of G-CSF and it is suggested that the combination therapy may be effective in treating ovarian carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Expression of MAGE-1, MAGE-2, MAGE-3/-6 and MAGE-4a/-4b genes in ovarian tumors.

MAGE genes encoding tumor-rejection antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes are expressed at the mRNA level in various malignant tumors. We have investigated the expression of genes MAGE-1, -2, -3/-6 and -4a/-4b at the mRNA level in malignant and non-malignant ovarian tumors as well as in normal ovaries by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. MAGE-1, -2, -3/-6 and -4a/-4b were expressed in 12, 5, 11 and 4 of 58 malignant tumors, respectively. The majority of these MAGE-mRNA-positive tumors were histologically surface-epithelial-stromal tumors, in particular serous adenocarcinomas. They mostly consisted of either advanced-stage or recurrent tumors. In contrast, neither benign tumors nor normal ovaries expressed any of the MAGE genes investigated. A 46-kDa MAGE-1 protein was identified in MAGE-1-mRNA-positive serous adenocarcinomas by immunoblot analysis with polyclonal anti-MAGE-1 antibody. These results provide important information for specific immunotherapy of ovarian serous adenocarcinomas with MAGE gene products.

Amino Acid Sequence↗