The classical biochemical hypothesis of depression posits a functional deficit in central neurotransmitter systems particularly serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline. The major role suggested for 5-HT in this theory led to the development of a large number of compounds which selectively inhibit 5-HT uptake. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the antidepressant efficacy of such types of serotoninergic agents, supporting 5-HT deficit as the main origin of depression. Therefore, everything seemed clear: depression was caused by 5-HT deficit. Tianeptine is clearly active in classical animal models predictive of antidepressant activity, and is also active in behavioral screening tests: it antagonizes isolation induced aggression in mice and behavioral despair in rats. Biochemical studies have revealed that in contrast to classical tricyclic antidepressant, tianeptine stimulates 5-HT uptake in vivo in the rat brain. This somewhat surprising property was observed in the cortex and the hippocampus following both acute and chronic administrations. This increase in 5-HT uptake has also been confirmed in rat platelets after acute and chronic administrations. Moreover, in humans, a study in depressed patients demonstrated that tianeptine significantly increased platelet 5-HT uptake after a single administration as well as after 10 and 28 days of treatment. The antidepressant activity of tianeptine has been evaluated in controlled studies versus reference antidepressants. Another study aiming to compare the antidepressant efficacy of tianeptine versus placebo and versus imiporamine is presented. 186 depressed patients were included in this trial. They presented with either Major Depression, single episode (24.6%) or Major Depression recurrent (66.8%) or Bipolar Disorder (depressed) (8.6%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of antibiotic sensitivity of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated in the hospital milieu (Charles Nicolle hospital of Tunis)].

The purpose of the present work was to investigate the susceptibility of S. pyogenes to antimicrobial agents. The strains have been taken from the bacteriological Service of Charles Nicolle's hospital at Tunis, and that during the period from January 1988- to December 1990. The antibiogram results as well as the minimal inhibitrice concentration determined by the agar diffusion technique, reveal that S. pyogenes continues to be very susceptible to the beta-lactamins (M.I.C. of penicillin G is "0.15 for 50% of strains tested. Resistance are noted for chloramphenicol; tetracycline and novobiocine (13%, 93%, 80%) not considered as good antibiotics anti-streptococcies. The macrolids are effective against S. pyogenes (100% of susceptibility) that's they are considered as the best alternating antimicrobiologents to the beta-lactamins (M.I.C. of erythromycin is 0.015.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Report on 5 years of surgery of hydatic cyst of the liver at the Habib Thameur Hospital in Tunis].

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Adolescent↗