Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Kamalam.
Trichophyton violaceum infection was found in 26% of 69 children attending a public boarding school. The possible source of infection may have been the adult women from the gypsy community discussed. Treatment with systemic griseofulvin and external sulphur salicylic ointment eliminated the infection in all affected individuals.
Two cases of black grain mycetoma, one owing to Madurella grisea and the other due to M. mycetomii have been reported. The clinical features appear to be less florid than that occurring in actinomycotic mycetoma. There was no bone involvement in either of the two cases. These two are the first cases of black grain mycetoma from our institution.
Two cases of Basidiobolomycosis caused by species of the order Entomophthorales are discussed with the report on lymph node involvement by B. haptosphorus. A clearer aetiological classification of the diseases caused by various agents belonging to the class Phycomycetes is preferred in view of the distinct clinical entities produced by them. Involvement of the lymph nodes is also an evidence that the disease produced by B. haptosporus is not restricted to subcutaneous tissue. A routine lymph node biopsy with mycological studies of the node is suggested in such cases.
A case of tylosis following corrosive stricture of the oesophagus in a male of 26 years is recorded. It is suggested that there is probably a connection between the state of the oesophagus and the state of palms and soles and that an oesophageal abnormality may precede tylosis of the late onset type.
In a case of actinomycotic mycetoma caused by Streptomyces madurae with extensive destruction of the bone, the foot was saved from amputation by appropriate antibiotic therapy given for a period of 2 1/2 years. Periodic x-ray examinations gave a valuable guide to the progress of the patient. Chemotherapy and antibiotics play an important role in the present day management of mycetoma. Cutaneous amelioration is not the criteria for cure. The bone restoration that occurs much later should be the guide for the duration of therapy.
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Chronic dermatophytosis was observed in 2276 (10.02%) of 22,692 patients with dermatophytosis during a period of 5.5 years. Males were affected at least 3 times more frequently than females. The age group most commonly affected was between 20 and 40 years of age. Females were affected more between the ages of 30 to 40 years. Tinea cruris and tinea corporis were the most common clinical types and tinea pedis was the least common type observed. The most frequent isolate was Trichophyton rubrum followed by T. mentagrophytes and T. violaceum. Ichthyosis vulgaris was the most common cutaneous association whereas atopy and diabetes mellitus were the most common systemic associations.
Ten cases of entomophthoromycosis encountered in a period of 4 years in Tamilnadu are reported. Basidiobolomycosis accounted for eight cases and was seen predominantly in children. Two cases of conidiobolomycosis were seen in elderly patients. Potassium iodide was the drug of choice in the treatment of entomophthoromycosis. All our patients, except one, responded with complete resolution of their lesions.
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