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Biomedical subjects

A Kagan

Publications and source records attributed to A Kagan.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Signs in the fundus oculi and arterial hypertension: unconventional assessment and significance.

Signs in the fundus oculi, long regarded as prognostic in hypertensive disease, have been shown to be subject to gross observer error and bias when assessed in conventional ways. The authors describe unconventional ways of assessing diminution of vascularity in a population sample of men aged 50 and also in a group of hospital patients.They show that a method simple enough to be learnt by a schoolboy in 20 minutes gives information that is more precise and less biased than data obtained by more conventional means. Standards can be prepared and the information is quantitative.The unconventional data are closely related to the level of hypertension. Some anomalies in the data, possible ways of improving them and ways of testing their relation to prognosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1967

Reliability of death certificate data on vascular lesions affecting the central nervous system.

Although it is generally stated that national mortality statistics are to some extent unreliable, it is difficult to ascertain their degree of unreliability. In studies carried out in limited areas of Czechoslovakia, Japan and Sweden it has been possible to determine the cause of death at autopsy in a large series of cases, and the findings relevant to "vascular lesions affecting the central nervous system" (CNS) have been compared with the national mortality statistics for the same causes and with the clinical findings.It was found that death rates for vascular lesions affecting the CNS, taken as a whole, obtained from the autopsy studies were close to the national figures but that the ratio of cerebral haemorrhage to cerebral infarction was lower in the autopsy data, indicating that classification into cerebral haemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis is incorrect in the national figures and that the former is over-diagnosed at the expense of cerebral thrombosis.Comparison of the autopsy data with clinical diagnoses in Prague and Malmö showed that only 70% of the cases of fresh cerebral vascular accidents regarded as the principal cause of death by the pathologist were diagnosed before autopsy, and that many cases found by the pathologist but not considered to be the principal cause of death were not suspected clinically. Less than 1% of cases of cerebrovascular accident regarded as the principal cause of death by the clinician were not found by the pathologist.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1965

Correlation of type and extent of atherosclerosis in aorta and coronary arteries obtained at autopsy. The search for predictors of coronary stenosis and myocardial infarction.

In the course of a research project on atherosclerosis, an international group of pathologists studied lesions in the aorta and coronary arteries obtained at autopsy from 3174 subjects from Czechoslovakia, Sweden and the USSR in an effort to determine what factors, recognizable in life, might be used to predict the presence of coronary stenosis or myocardial infarction.Corrected correlation coefficients have been calculated for 406 pairs of factors representing the types and site of lesions in a subject. Some 31 pairs of factors have been found to correlate highly, and the optimal discrimination between those who had and had not coronary stenosis or myocardial infarction was given by a combination of calcification in the left anterior descending coronary artery, heart weight and age. On the other hand, subcutaneous fat thickness was not associated with stenosis or infarction, and calcification in the aorta and height contributed little to the prediction of these conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors related to stroke incidence in Hawaii Japanese men. The Honolulu Heart Study.

As part of an ongoing longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke among Japanese men in Hawaii, 8,006 men of Japanese ancestry living on the island of Oahu and aged 45-68 at entry examination have been followed by reexamination and surveillance. One hundred and eleven were found to have evidence of prior stroke at the time of the initial examination. During a six-year follow up period of the remaining 7,895 men, 94 developed definite thromboembolic stroke, 33 definite intracranial hemorrhage, and 6 developed stroke of unknown type. The principal risk factors for thromboembolic stroke were: elevated blood pressure, glucose intolerance, age, and electrocardiography evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain. Attributes associated with increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage were elevated blood pressure, electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain, and alcohol intake. Serum cholesterol level was negatively associated with risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of transient cerebral ischemic attack in Hawaii Japanese men. The Honolulu Heart Study.

At the Honolulu Heart Study 7,895 men of Japanese ancestry, 45--68 year-old, who were free of previous stroke at the baseline examination (1965--1968) were followed 6 years for the development of transient cerebral ischemic attacks (TIA). Fifty-one men developed probable or possible episodes. In multivariate analysis TIA was associated with preceding hypertension, cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease. It was less common in men who were facile with written Japanese language, in those who consumed alcohol, and in those who were physically active. During an average follow up of 3 years after these TIA events 2 strokes occurred, vs 0.7 expected. This prognosis is more favorable than that reported by other studies.

Aged↗