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Biomedical subjects

A Kühn

Publications and source records attributed to A Kühn.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Quality of life and daily coping of chronic schizophrenic patients. Results of a qualitative pilot study].

The results of this qualitative exploratory study show that chronic schizophrenics partly cope successfully with the multivarious demands of everyday life, including the consequences of their illness. They mostly realize a relatively high level of quality of life. There is a distinct connection between the concrete institutional-therapeutic setting conditions and the multiplicity of participation in social life or the available ways of coping. We identified favourable and unfavourable coping modes as well as starting points for therapeutic interventions. A qualitative analysis of the individual case seems to be absolutely required, in order to estimate their efficiency.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of tests and sample size formulae for proving therapeutic equivalence based on the difference of binomial probabilities.

To prove the hypothesis that a new treatment is as effective as a standard one, a possibility is to test the one-sided null hypothesis of a clear inferiority of the new treatment against the alternative hypothesis that, if at all, it is only negligibly inferior. Such a problem is of clinical relevance if, for instance, a new treatment with an effectiveness which is comparable to that of the standard one would be preferred if it is less toxic. If the difference between the two treatments is measured by the difference of failure rates, approximate statistical tests and sample size formulae have to be used. This paper reports the results of an extensive empirical investigation comparing the well known calculations proposed by Blackwelder, Rodary, ComNougue and Tournade, which propose a sample size formula for the test of Dunnett and Gent, and Farrington and Manning. The investigation was conducted in order to allow more comprehensive conclusions than those which may be drawn from the limited examples given by the last authors. For the usual settings in clinical trials, the formulae of Farrington and Manning are recommended. However, there are combinations of statistical parameters for which they are not preferred.

Binomial Distribution↗
PubMed1995

Achalasia-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: flow-cytometric and histological evaluation.

Although the risk of cancer is increased in patients with achalasia, biomarkers of an increased cancer risk have not been evaluated. In an esophagectomy specimen of a patient with achalasia-associated squamous cell carcinoma, normal mucosal and carcinomatous samples were systematically taken for flow cytometry and histology. The distribution of DNA aneuploidy and dysplasia was mapped within the resected specimen. Four of 10 tumor samples and 4 of 16 normal mucosal samples of the esophagus showed additional aneuploid stem lines. Gastric mucosa only showed diploid DNA histograms. S-phase fraction in normal esophageal samples (7.8% +/- 1.1%) was lower than in dysplastic and carcinomatous samples (8.8% +/- 2.4%; P = NS). Areas of mild to moderate dysplasia were detected in the esophageal mucosa adjacent to the neoplasm. This report shows the potential applicability of flow cytometry in the surveillance of patients with achalasia. However, prospective endoscopic studies with long follow-up periods are required before flow cytometric and histological parameters can be used as biomarkers of an increased cancer risk in achalasia.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis and therapy of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo].

The clinical features and therapeutical aspects of 31 patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) were studied. Attention is drawn to diagnostic criteria such as the "Hallpike manoeuvre" and guidelines are given for the differentiation of BPPV and cervical nystagmus. The results of this study are discussed with special regard to habituation training.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Effects of regular physical training in a supervised class and additional intravenous prostaglandin E1 and naftidrofuryl infusion therapy in patients with intermittent claudication--a controlled study.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to investigate if PGE1 i.v.-therapy after active physical training further increases the walking distance in PAOD stage IIb according to Fontaine. 48 outpatients with intermittent claudication underwent a standardized active walking training of about 6 months twice weekly. Afterwards patients were randomly given once daily an i.v. infusion of 60 micrograms PGE1 (3 ampoules prostavasin) or 600 mg naftidrofuryl. The therapy lasted for 3 weeks with the exception of Saturdays and Sundays. Besides laboratory and doppler parameters, painfree and maximum walking distance (treadmill, 10% incline, 3.5 km/h) were determined. RESULTS: Under active physical training the patients' walking distance increased significantly to more than double the baseline levels. Further significant increase of the painfree walking distance was seen after a 3 week treatment with PGE1 from 136 to 270 m (99%) as well as with naftidrofuryl from 117 to 230 m (97%). While this difference was not significant there was a significant difference in favour to PGE1 after the follow-up period (p less than 0.01). In the PGE1-group the painfree walking distance showed a further increase (from 270m to 306m) whereas it decreased in the naftidrofuryl-group (from 230m to 210m). At the same time under PGE1 the ankle/arm index increased significantly in comparison to naftidrofuryl (p less than 0.01). Side effects differed significantly in respect of the frequency and severity. In the PGE1-group in 20.8% of the patients side effects occurred, whereas in 91.6% of the patients in the naftidrofuryl-group side effects were observed. In no case therapy had to be discontinued because of side effects.

Aged↗