Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A K Meena

Publications and source records attributed to A K Meena.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Clinical, electrophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging study of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

AIM: To study the clinical syndromes, antecedent events, evoked potential abnormalities and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings in patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and also to find differences if any when compared to ADEM reported from the Western countries. METHODS: Case records of 64 patients with ADEM seen over a period of 10 year were reviewed. RESULTS: Specific viral infections and Semple antirabies vaccination together accounted for 56% of antecedent events. Diffuse or multifocal form of ADEM was the clinical syndrome in 56.5% of patients with specific infections. Myeloradiculopathy formed 61% of neuroparalytic complications following Semple antirabies vaccination. Acute cerebellar ataxia made up 67% of post varicella encephalitis. Abnormalities observed on multimodality evoked potential studies corresponded to the clinical localisation of the lesion. White matter lesions observed on MR imaging were similar to the lesions observed in multiple sclerosis. However distribution was subcortical and/or centrum semiovale in 11 patients and thalamic in three patients. No signal alterations in the white matter were seen in all the four patients with acute cerebellar ataxia following varicella infections. Significant disability was seen in 23.5% of cases with diffuse or multifocal form of ADEM. Specific viral infection was the antecedent event in all of them. CONCLUSIONS: Specific viral infections and Semple antirabies vaccination still form important antecedenent events for ADEM in India. The type of clinical syndrome to some extent depends on the type of antecedent event.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Clinical observations of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in 131 patients: a study in South India.

We studied clinical features of 131 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). The prevalence was 7.7% among the epileptic patients registered. The mean age at onset was 13.37+/-4.93 years and the diagnosis was established at a mean age of 19.53+/-7.85 years. Absence seizures were reported by 27 (20.6%) patients, myoclonic jerks by 131 (100%) and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) by 111 (84.7%). The triad of absence seizures, myoclonic jerks and GTCS was noted in 23 (17.5%) patients, 88 (67.2%) had myoclonic jerks and GTCS, 4 (3%) had absence seizures and myoclonic jerks and 16 (12.2%) had only myoclonic jerks. Early onset absences were seen in 21 (16%) patients and the onset was late in 6 (4.6%). Absences antedated other types of seizures in all the patients. Myoclonic jerks were predominantly unilateral or had unilateral onset in 22 (16.8%). In 17 (13%) patients GTCS antedated myoclonic jerks. Myoclonic jerks had characteristic circadian distribution in 112 (85.5%) patients. On awakening GTCS occurred in 87 (78.4%) patients and in 4 (3.6%) patients they were purely nocturnal. Sleep deprivation was the most important precipitating factor (54.2%). Initial electroencephalogram (EEG) showed classical generalized spike or multiple-spike slow-wave paroxysms in 81% of records. Focal EEG abnormalities were noted in 20.6% of records. The most common focal abnormality was voltage asymmetry. A family history of epilepsy was noted in 31 (23.6%) probands. Diagnosis of JME was made in all the cases in the clinic. The factors responsible for delay in diagnosis of the 36 patients seen by neurologists included failure to ask or interpret the history which was otherwise suggestive of myoclonic jerks in all 36 (100%) cases, the type of seizure for which the patients sought medical attention, and misinterpretation of EEGs in 28 patients. Diagnosis of partial epilepsy was made in seven patients. The factors responsible for such diagnoses were, unilateral jerks in one patient, unilateral jerks and absence seizures in three patients and focal EEG abnormalities in three patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Spinal epidural haematoma in a patient with haemophilia-B.

Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is rare. A case of haemophilia-B presenting with cervical spinal cord compression due to epidural haematoma, is reported. This is the second case in literature, to our knowledge, of intraspinal epidural haematoma in a patient with haemophilia-B. The importance of early diagnosis, especially with magnetic resonance imaging and surgical intervention, when deemed necessary, are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy.

The clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features and prognosis of 9 patients with nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy are described. Nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy accounted for 3% of cases of biopsy proven cases of various neuropathies and formed 56% of vasculitic neuropathy. Both clinically and on electrophysiological testing, mononeuritis multiplex was the form of neuropathy in 5 patients and 3 had sensory neuropathy. All the patients had a necrotizing vasculitis on nerve biopsy. Axonal degeneration was seen in teased fibers in all the patients. Eight patients showed good functional recovery one was left with mild bilateral claw hands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Entrapment neuropathies.

Relative frequency of entrapment neuropathies was studied from amongst the patients referred to an electrodiagnostic medicine laboratory for electrophysiological studies. During the study period electrophysiological procedures were done on 650 patients with various peripheral nerve disorders. The entrapment neuropathies constituted 8.5%. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was the commonest entrapment neuropathy (83.6%). Diagnosis of CTS was established in 84 Patients referred with the diagnosis of CTS. Electrophysiological tests confirmed the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome in 4 (15.4%) of the 26 patients referred with this diagnosis and in 5 (19.3%) of them the diagnosis turned out to be CTS. Diagnosis of cubital tunnel syndrome was not suspected clinically in all the 3 patients, they were referred with the diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy. In both the patients with tarsal tunnel syndrome the initial diagnosis was peripheral neuropathy.

Electrodiagnosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cranial and intracranial actinomycosis.

Five patients with central nervous system actinomycosis are presented. There were risk factors in 2 patients like penetrating head injury and tetralogy of Fallot. All the cases were diagnosed by histopathology. Four patients recovered after surgery and antibiotic therapy, and 1 patient died.

Actinomycosis↗