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Biomedical subjects

A Junge

Publications and source records attributed to A Junge.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Medical history and physical findings in football players of different ages and skill levels.

The physical and physiologic demands of football on its participants become more pronounced as the level of competition increases. The aim of this study was to compare the medical history and physical findings in players from different levels of play as well as to analyze the relationship between pathologic findings in the joints of the lower extremities and the medical history. Five hundred eighty-eight football players from eight age and skill levels were investigated. The medical histories of the players were obtained by questionnaire. A physical examination conducted by specially trained physicians incorporated anthropometric and body fat measurements and examination of the spine and the hip, knee, foot, and great toe joints. On average, the players reported 6.6 (SD, 8.8) previous injuries. At the time of the examination, 136 players (24%) still felt the effects of a previous injury. Almost one-quarter of the players (134, 23%) had a pathologic finding in either the right or left knee, and even more players (162, 28%) had a pathologic anterior drawer sign either in the right or left ankle. A correlation was found between the location of the pathologic findings and the preferred leg for playing football. We recommend that further research should address the prevalence of pathologic findings and complaints in football players as well as the secondary structural changes that may occur as the result of playing football.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Population studies of the Y-chromosome specific polymorphisms DYS19, DYS389 I + II, DYS390 and DYS393 in a western German population (Bonn area).

Population studies were carried out on the Y-specific short tandem repeat (STR) systems DYS19, DYS389I + II, DYS390 and DYS393 in a Western German population sample. Determination of the allele frequencies revealed for all these systems, unimodal distribution. The number of observed alleles varied: five for DYS19, six for DYS390, three for DYS389I, seven for DYS389II and six for DYS393. In 102 unrelated male individuals, 56 different haplotypes were found. The haplotype diversity values were similar to those of other European populations.

Alleles↗
PubMed1998

Polymorphic sites in human mitochondrial DNA control region sequences: population data and maternal inheritance.

Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region is of central importance for forensic identity testing as well as for studies of human evolution. Here we report the sequencing data of the hypervariable regions I and II from 50 unrelated individuals from a western German population (Rhine area). In regions I and II, 52 and 26 sites of sequence polymorphism, respectively, were noted. Nucleotide substitution rather than insertion/deletion was the majority of variation. The distribution showed a large bias towards transitional changes than transversional changes. Furthermore we investigated uniparental inheritance in seven CEPH families each family with 7-9 maternal descendants. Most maternal relatives shared identical mtDNA sequences. Additionally sequences were compared for father:child pairs and as expected no evidence for paternal transmission of mtDNA was observed. The high variability of mtDNA control region sequences permits utility in forensic identity investigations. The data also indicate that the neomutation rate seems to be very low from one generation to the other.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Population genetic diversity in relation to microsatellite heterogeneity.

Nine populations (Germans, Turks, Moroccans, Ovambos, Ugandans, Chinese, Japanese, Papuans, and Australian Aborigines) were investigated using six microsatellite systems (HumCD4, Hum F13B, HumFES/FPS, HumTH01, HumVWA, and D21S11), so-called STRs (short tandem repeats). Allele frequency data and sequencing results were used to compare the population genetic diversity among these populations. The genetic differences varied depending on the STR applied. According to the systems investigated, we defined three categories of STR microvariation: LOMs (low microvariation systems), INMs (intermediate microvariation systems), and HIMs (high microvariation systems). LOMs (STRs: CD4, FES, F13B, TH01) are characterised by a number of repeats between 5-15 and a stable repeat sequence. INMs and HIMs each showed an increasing number of repeats and additional sequence variation in the repeat motifs. The rate of new mutations was associated with the extent of microvariation. The reconstruction of phylogenetic trees led to a clustering in an early split of the African populations followed by further branching of the Asian/Melanesian and the Caucasian groups.

Africa↗
PubMed1998

Validation studies and characterization of variant alleles at the short tandem repeat locus D12S391.

Validation studies were carried out on the short tandem repeat (STR) locus D12S391 including the determination of the allele frequencies, forensic application and sequence analysis of variant alleles. A total of 16 alleles were found in a population survey of 158 unrelated individuals from the Rhine area, none of which exceeded the 0.20 frequency level. In 316 alleles analysed so far 18 alleles were found with an incomplete repeat unit in the 5'-end of the repeat region. The statistical values were similar to those of other European populations and no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was observed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1998

[Reduction of cardiovascular disorders by preventive perioperative antihistamine administration in general surgery: are the drugs interchangeable?].

In clinical reality the drugs used for H1/H2-prophylaxis are not restricted to the combination of dimetinden/cimetidine, also only for this combination the effectiveness for preventing severe cardiorespiratory disturbances is proven in a randomised controlled clinical trial. However, it is almost impossible to conduct such an extended clinical trial in order to check all possible combinations. Instead of this, we developed a complex animal model featuring clinical variability and the principles of a well conducted randomised controlled clinical trial (CMRT = clinic modelling randomised trials), to evaluate different H1/H2 combinations. In this CMRT in pigs (four groups of 15 animals), the H1/H2 combination of dimetinden/cimetidine and dimetinden/famotidine showed an effectiveness similar to the randomised clinical trial. With dimetinden/ranitidine no significant prophylactic effect was observed. Two conclusions can be drawn: (1) CMRTs in animals are able to answer relevant clinical and research questions that otherwise only could be solved by clinical studies and may be a successful intermediate between basic research and clinical trials. (2) Drugs, even of the same substance class, may not be simply exchangeable. Hence, before changing a proven medication, trials in an adequate complex animal model (CMRT) should be mandatory.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Monosegmental internal fixator instrumentation and fusion in treatment of fractures of the thoracolumbar spine. Indications, technique and results].

Dorsal fusion with the internal fixator has become the standard treatment of instabilities and deformities of the thoracolumbar spine. With our new device, the modular spine fixator (MSF), which has been specially designed for short-distance instrumentations, we have increasingly been treating unstable injuries of the thoracolumbar spine by one-level stabilization. Prerequisite is an accurate evaluation of the indication, including CT and MRI to assess the involvement of the intervertebral disc and the ligamental structures. The operative technique differs in some details from the procedure in more-multi-level instrumentations, especially concerning the application of the pedicle screws. The instrumentation is always combined with posterior allogenic bone grafting. Since the beginning of 1993 we also perform anterior autogenic transpedicular bone grafting. Between January 1991 and July 1995, 57 one-level stabilizations with the MSF were performed. Of the 57 patients operated on 39, 27 men and 12 women, with an average age of 41 years, have had a clinical and radiographic follow-up examination so far, on average, 27 months after the accident. Seventeen patients were completely free of pain and 17 patients (were only) sensitive to weather changes or had minor pain during great physical stress. Five patients had pain even during slight physical stress or at rest. The preoperatively measured Cobb angle was 15.1 degrees on average, after the operation 5.2 degrees, and at the time of the follow-up examination amounted to 8.1 degrees. The patients' range of motion was normal. Only five minor complications have been seen. No implant fatigue failure has been noted in this series. We derive from these results that, for correct indications, one-level stabilization can be performed successfully and should be firmly established in the operative treatment of unstable fractures of the thoracolumbar spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Sequence polymorphism at the tetranucleotide repeat of the human beta-actin related pseudogene H-beta-Ac-psi-2 (ACTBP2) locus.

The tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in the human beta-actin related pseudogene H-beta-Ac-psi-2 (ACTBP2) locus has become a widely used short tandem repeat (STR) system in paternity testing and human identification. The discrimination index of this locus has been reported to be as high as 99.65%. To study the overall variability of this locus, 222 alleles were sequenced in our laboratory. Here, we report the sequences of the 102 different alleles observed. In addition to the length polymorphism, up to ten different sequence variants for single fragment lengths have been detected.

Actins↗
PubMed1996

Predictors of bad and good outcome of lumbar spine surgery. A prospective clinical study with 2 years' follow up.

STUDY DESIGN: Based on prospective assessment, patients with lumbar disc surgery were examined to determine reliable predictors for clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES: The prognostic value of a screening checklist developed in a previous study was evaluated in a 2-year follow-up. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Outcome studies of lumbar disc surgery document a success rate between 49-90%. It has been shown that a number of medical history data and sociodemographic and psychodiagnostic findings are of prognostic value for the outcome of lumbar spine surgery. METHODS: In addition to clinical and neuroradiologic examinations, 164 patients took part in a standardized interview. Eighty-two percent participated in a follow-up performed 2 years after the operation. Preoperative findings, outcome, and prediction of three diagnostic subgroups were compared. Eighty-three (51%) patients had disc herniation only, 29 (18%) had disc herniation and other relevant back diagnoses, and 51 (31%) had no disc herniation but had other relevant back diagnoses. RESULTS: In patients with disc herniation only, good results were observed in 53%, moderate in 19%, and bad in 28%. The accuracy of prediction of the postoperative result was 75% for the patients with good outcome and 86% for those with bad outcome. In the group of patients with diagnoses other than disc herniation, the success rate of the operation was 38% good, 28% moderate, and 41% bad, but the predictor score was not as useful as for the other groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with a high risk of a bad operation outcome after lumbar discectomy could be identified preoperatively. It is suggested that those patients take part in a pain management approach instead of or in addition to surgical intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Impairment of visuospatial function in idiopathic spasmodic torticollis.

We studied visuospatial function in 15 patients with idiopathic spasmodic torticollis (ST) and 15 age- and sex-matched controls. All subjects underwent a battery of visuospatial tests, assessing different functional components of spatial ability. The performance of ST patients on tasks of spatial perception did not significantly differ from that of normal subjects, but patients performed significantly worse on spatial tasks requiring mental manipulation of personal space. This distinct pattern of visuospatial impairment may result from basal ganglia dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Complex mutational events at the HumD21S11 locus.

We have studied length and sequence variability at the HumD21S11 locus in five different populations to obtain more detailed information about the structure of this short tandem repeat system. In all populations studied so far two types of alleles have been described. The consensus alleles (type I) consist of three regions with variable numbers of TCTR units and one constant region comprising 43 bp. Alleles of type II (so-called interalleles) show the same basic sequence structure except for the occurrence of a TA insertion at a fixed position in variable region 3. Additional sequence variability exists in the Ovambo and Papuan populations with gross changes in two of the three variable regions and in the constant region. Due to these extreme variations the Ovambos and Papuans showed a better fit to the infinite allele model than to the stepwise mutation model. In the German, Japanese and Chinese populations no significant bias towards one of the two models could be observed. Population genetic studies showed no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

[Inpatient psychosomatic treatment--patient markers and treatment success].

All patients who were admitted to a psychosomatic clinic during the period of one year and ended the in-patient psychotherapy regularly were evaluated before the treatment, at dismissal and one year later, the 113 (68.9%) women and 51 (31.1%) men ranged in age from 17 to 71 years, with a mean age of 39.7 years. The in-patient treatment lasted at average 9 1/2 weeks. On dismissal 85% of the patients reported a reduction of complaints. One year later 75% of the patients rated their psychological and 67% their physical state of health better compared to the time before the in-patient treatment. Standardised psychodiagnostic questionnaires (FSI, GT-S, IIP-D, SCL-90-R) demonstrated significant improvements concerning different aspects which remain stable during the follow-up period. Using the anamnestic information the prediction of treatment outcome was unsatisfactory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Predictors of bad and good outcomes of lumbar disc surgery. A prospective clinical study with recommendations for screening to avoid bad outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN: Patients were assessed by independent research teams in six different spine centers after indication for discectomy was established. Six- and twelve-month follow-ups were performed. OBJECTIVES: Objectives of this study were to determine somatic subjective symptoms, objective signs, sociodemographic, and psychological factors that influence the outcome of lumbar disc surgery, as well as to develop a screening checklist and score of reliable predictors to distinguish bad and good responders of surgery. METHODS: In addition to symptoms, signs, and neuroradiologic findings, sociodemographic data were obtained. A mobility questionnaire and Beck depression inventory were included in the structured interview. RESULTS: In all, 381 patients were examined. At 6 months 89% and at 12 months, 86% of all operated patients were available for follow-up study. There was no significant difference in the outcome between the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Of the patients, 51.5% had a good outcome, 28.4% moderate, and 20.1% bad at 12 months follow-up. The calculation of predictor score gave an overall appropriate prediction of 80%, for good outcome 76%, and for bad 79%. CONCLUSION: In addition to clinical and radiologic examination, the Hannover Mobility Questionnaire, the Beck depression inventory, and structured interview should be included for preoperative assessment for disc surgery. If a bad outcome is predicted, it is probably more appropriate not to operate and await natural development of the disc disease or to apply conservative and psychological treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Short tandem repeat (STR) system HumD21S11: population genetic study on an Italian population.

Allele frequencies of the Short Tandem Repeat locus HumD21S11 were determined analysing 119 unrelated individuals from the area of Milano (Northern Italy). A total of 13 alleles was detected. One allele (< 26) was found which has never been observed in a wider German population sample. The system showed neither significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium nor significant differences with a German population sample.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1995

Coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relevance for the recovery after discectomy.

Although several empirical studies have shown that psychological and social characteristics predict recovery after lumbar discectomy, the possible significance of the psychodynamic concept of defense mechanisms has been neglected. To investigate the predictive usefulness of defense mechanisms, coping strategies, and depression, 52 consecutive admissions were assessed before their operations and again six months later (n = 48). Using three outcome criteria, 8 patients (16, 7%) were classified as having poor operation outcomes. A stepwise discriminant analysis correctly classified 87.7% of these poor outcomes. The groups with poor and good outcome differed significantly in the prominence of two defense mechanisms: "rationalization" and "regression".

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

[Progress in internal fixator stabilization of thoracolumbar spinal fractures].

At present, several different fixators are in clinical use in the full range of thoracic and lumbar spine disorders. Nevertheless, an effort must be made to continue to improve pedicle fixation devices so that more safety, strength, adaptability and user-friendliness can be obtained. Fixation systems are subject to high loads, especially in major spinal injuries with marked loss of stability. Implant failure, producing poor clinical results, is a series problem. For safer and easier instrumentation a new fixator called the modular spine fixator (MSF) has been designed. The MSF consists of only a few basic components. Its main advantages are the smooth construction and small size, the modularity and easy handling, the high mechanical stability and optimal fatigue properties. In contrast to other fixators, the pedicle screws of the MSF act as compression screws. In high-load static and fatigue testing the MSF revealed no component loosening, material yielding or breaking. More than other systems, the MSF is suitable for short one-level instrumentation, thus avoiding overbridging uninjured motion segments. Between 1991 and 1993 60 instrumentations in the treatment of unstable thoracic and lumbar injuries were performed with the MSF. Single-level instrumentations were done in 34, two-level instrumentations in 24, three- and four-level instrumentations in 2 cases, all combined with posterior allogenic bone grafting. Since the beginning of 1993 transpedicular anterior bone grafting has been performed in addition, using autogenic bone material. In this series no implant fatigue failure has been noted. There were three infections requiring removal of the posterior bone graft in two and graft in fixator removal in one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Liver segmentectomy as anatomically precise resections. An experimental study in sheep.

OBJECTIVE: To assess a new technique of anatomically precise hepatic segmental resection and to compare the degree of precision and biochemical profiles with results after traditional segmental resection and a sham operation. DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: University hospital, Germany. MATERIAL: 50 sheep (10 each had segments II, III, and IV removed by the new technique, and 10 each were studied in the traditional resection and sham operated groups). INTERVENTIONS: Operative ultrasonography and injection of methylene blue to identify segmental boundaries. In traditional operations boundaries were identified only from knowledge of the surface structure of the liver. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Degree of precision, duration of operation, blood loss, mortality, transaminase activities and liver function tests. RESULTS: Anatomically precise segmentectomies were achieved in 6/9 (67%) for segment II, 6/9 (67%) for segment III, and 4/8 (50%) for segment IV. Using the traditional technique (segment III only) there was only 1/10 anatomically precise resections, together with 5 perisegmentectomies and 4 incomplete resections (p < 0.02). The operations for anatomically precise resection lasted significantly longer, but resection time was similar. Blood loss, survival, and transaminase activities were similar for the two groups, but the margin of necrosis at the cut edge was significantly less in anatomically precise resections. CONCLUSION: Anatomically precise hepatic resections are technically feasible with the use of intraoperative ultrasonography and selective staining of the segment(s) to be removed with methylene blue. Although it takes longer, there are no detrimental consequences compared with the considerably less accurate traditional technique.

Animals↗