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Biomedical subjects

A Jung

Publications and source records attributed to A Jung.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

5-HT1A agonists modulate mouse antipredator defensive behavior differently from the 5-HT2A antagonist pirenperone.

The mouse defense test battery (MDTB) has been designed to investigate defensive reactions in Swiss-Webster mice to situations associated with a natural predator, the rat, such as flight, avoidance, defensive threat, defensive attack, and risk assessment activities. The present study evaluated the ability of 8-OH-DPAT (0.05-10 mg/kg, SC, 5) and gepirone (2.5-10 mg/kg, IP, 30), a full- and a partial agonist at 5-HT1A sites, as well as pirenperone (0.25-1 mg/kg, IP, 30), a preferential 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, to exert an anxiolytic-like action in the MDTB. The most consistent effect of both 5-HT1A receptor agonists across tests was a marked reduction in predator assessment activity and defensive attack behavior. In contrast, neither of the two ligands was able to reduce flight responses to the approaching predator, and both failed to reduce in a specific manner contextual defense behaviors after the predator was removed. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist pirenperone did not provide significant indication of an anxiolytic effect on predator assessment activity and postpredator potentiation of contextual defense responses, and had negligible influence on antipredator defensive behavior. The most interesting exception to this profile was a dose-related reduction in flight-related measures. In view of previous results indicating that the panic-promoting drug yohimbine increases flight/escape reactions and that the panicolytic compound alprazolam reduces these responses, we tentatively suggest that the preferential 5-HT2A receptor antagonist pirenperone may have some efficacy in improving panic attacks. In addition, the lack of effect of the 5-HT1A receptor agonists on these flight responses is consistent with clinical findings indicating that these agents are of limited use in the treatment of panic disorder. These findings suggest that the MDTB provides behavioural measures capable of differentiating between various classes of antianxiety drugs.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imported lassa fever in Germany: molecular characterization of a new lassa virus strain.

We describe the isolation and characterization of a new Lassa virus strain imported into Germany by a traveler who had visited Ghana, Côte D'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso. This strain, designated "AV," originated from a region in West Africa where Lassa fever has not been reported. Viral S RNA isolated from the patient's serum was amplified and sequenced. A long-range reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction allowed amplification of the full-length (3.4 kb) S RNA. The coding sequences of strain AV differed from those of all known Lassa prototype strains (Josiah, Nigeria, and LP) by approximately 20%, mainly at third codon positions. Phylogenetically, strain AV appears to be most closely related to strain Josiah from Sierra Leone. Lassa viruses comprise a group of genetically highly diverse strains, which has implications for vaccine development. The new method for full-length S RNA amplification may facilitate identification and molecular analysis of new arenaviruses or arenavirus strains.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mismatch repair deficiency in sporadic synchronous colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients frequently develop synchronous colorectal cancer (SCRC) which also occurs sporadically in other patients. Recent studies on microsatellite instability (MSI) in sporadic SCRC diverge completely in their findings (0%-100%). In the present study MSI and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins were evaluated according to standardised criteria (exclusion of a family history, MSI analysed according to NCI recommendations) METHODS: Paraffin embedded sections of SCRC of 30 patients were evaluated for MSI and the loss of protein expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2. RESULTS: 3 out of 30 (10%) patients exhibited MSI-H which 5 out of 30 (17%) showed MSI-L. Loss of protein expression of either hMLH1 or hMSH2 was found in all cases of MSI-H and none of the MSI-L cancers. CONCLUSION: MSI is found in sporadic cases of SCRC to about the same extent as it is mentioned in the literature on sporadic single colorectal cancers. Immunohistochemistry with mismatch repair proteins could be used as a pre-screening for MMR deficiency in sporadic SCRC.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ki-67 expression and residual tumour (R) classification are associated with disease-free survival in desmoid tumour patients.

BACKGROUND: In order to evaluate prognostic factors in the long-term survival of desmoid tumour patients, analysis of clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and follow-up data was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1969 and 1998, 54 patients underwent resection of aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid) and 33 of them (10 patients with FAP and 23 sporadic) were followed-up with a median time of 130 months (range 10-355 months). Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis of the desmoid tumours using Ki-67 was performed. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, curative resection (R0) (p<0.001) and low proliferation of Ki-67 (p=0.002) were of significant positive prognostic value concerning disease-free survivaL R0 and absence of Ki-67 staining were significantly associated with each other (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Ki-67 seems to serve as a predictive marker concerning disease-free survival of desmoid tumour patients. In patients presenting with Ki-67 positive desmoids, which are unlikely to be resected in a curative manner, alternative treatment (e.g. sulindac) may be preferable.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between microsatellite instability, response and survival in palliative patients with colorectal cancer undergoing first-line chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between microsatellite instability (MSI), treatment response and survival in palliative patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing first-line treatment with weekly 24-hour infusion (24-h inf.) of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumour material from the colorectal primary carcinomas was analysed for 43 patients. MSI analysis was carried out and immunohistochemistry was performed with hMLH1 and hMSH2. RESULTS: Tumours of 7 patients (16%) were highly instable (MSI-H). These patients had a better response rate (72% vs. 41%; p = 0.072) and a significantly better median survival (33 months, [95% CI 20-46] vs. 19 months, [95% CI 10-28]; p = 0.021) than microsatellite stable (MSS) patients (n = 36). Furthermore, MSI status was shown to be an independent predictive marker for survival (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION: These data provide further support for the hypothesis that MSI-H CRC might have a better response and survival than (MSS) CRC in palliative first-line treatment.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[René Leriche].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is a certain degree of osteomalacia involved in femoral neck fractures of the elderly? Histological approach to the problem and practical applications.

A study was made in Geneva of 14 patients with femoral neck fractures (7 subcapital and 7 trochanteric) to determine whether a certain degree of osteomalacia might be involved (group I). No patients with risks factors for osteomalacia were used. For ethical reasons, double tetracycline labelling was not possible and osteomalacia criteria were based on osteoid tissue values determined in a histomorphometric study directly on cancellous bone samples of the femoral head. A comparison was made with femoral head bone tissue taken from 12 patients with hip osteoarthritis at a distance from the remodelled territory (group II) and with iliac crest bone tissue taken from 6 patients with clinically and biochemically determined osteomalacia (group III). The patients were part of a larger group of subjects used for a biochemical blood study in which levels of albumin, calcium and 25 OHD3 as an index of vitamin D content were determined. Based on the data of the literature and the results obtained for group II, slight signs of osteomalacia were diagnosed for only one case (group I), although 25 OHD3 deficiency was found in more than a third of the subjects in that group as well as in some subjects of group II and in some of the aged controls. Skeletal aging must be considered not only in terms of unavoidable physiological factors but also within the context of living conditions. Hence the necessity of controlling calcium and vitamin D intake in the elderly, and of a histological examination for signs of osteomalacia in surgical specimens from patients with femoral neck fractures.

Aged↗