Biomedical subjects

A Joutel

Publications and source records attributed to A Joutel.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy maps to chromosome 19q12.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) has been recently reported as a cause of stroke. It is characterized, in the absence of hypertension, by recurrent subcortical ischaemic strokes, starting in early or midadulthood and leading in some patients to dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging and pathological examination show numerous small subcortical infarcts and a diffuse leukoencephalopathy underlaid by a non-arteriosclerotic, non-amyloid angiopathy. We performed genetic linkage analysis in two unrelated families and assigned the disease locus to chromosome 19q12. Multilocus analysis with the location scores method established the best estimate for the location of the affected gene within a 14 centimorgan interval bracketed by D19S221 and D19S222 loci.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

A gene for familial hemiplegic migraine maps to chromosome 19.

Familial hemiplegic migraine is an autosomal dominant disorder of unknown pathogenesis in which the migrainous attacks are marked by the occurrence of a transient hemiplegia during the aura. While investigating CADASIL, mapped previously to chromosome 19, we observed that some patients had recurrent attacks of migraine with aura. Although the clinical and neuroimaging features of familial hemiplegic migraine differ markedly from CADASIL, we hypothesized that the same gene could be involved in the pathogenesis of both conditions. We chose two large pedigrees for linkage analysis of familial hemiplegic migraine. A maximum lod score > 8 was found with two markers that are also strongly linked to CADASIL. Multilocus linkage analysis suggested that the loci responsible for the two diseases reside within an interval of about 30 cM on chromosome 19.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Autosomal dominant leukoencephalopathy and subcortical ischemic stroke. A clinicopathological study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We recently described an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized mainly by recurrent strokes and neuroimaging evidence of leukoencephalopathy. We now report the pathological findings in one of the affected subjects. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 40-year-old woman experienced her first grand mal seizure in 1971. From 1983 on she suffered recurrent strokes, seizures, and psychiatric disturbances with depressions, manic episodes, and dementia. In 1988, after her fourth stroke, she became tetraplegic with a severe pseudobulbar palsy, and she died in 1990. Pathological examination disclosed a recent capsulolenticular hematoma, multiple small deep infarcts, a diffuse myelin loss and pallor of the hemispheric white matter, and a widespread vasculopathy of the small arteries penetrating the white matter. The arterial wall was markedly thickened with an extensive nonamyloid eosinophilic deposit in the media and reduplication of the internal elastic lamella. CONCLUSIONS: The underlying lesion of this hereditary disorder is located in the small arteries and is of unknown etiology. It differs from arteriosclerotic and amyloid angiopathies but is similar to that described in some cases of hereditary multi-infarct dementia.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Type II carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency complicated by acute respiratory failure].

Carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) deficiencies can realise distinct clinical presentations. The best known is the muscular form with episodic muscle necrosis and paroxysmal myoglobinuria after prolonged exercise, in young adults, and results from decreased CPT II activity. In this paper, we report on an observation of a patient with a severe CPT II deficiency who presented a respiratory failure during an attack of muscle necrosis. The severity of the symptomatology were associated with a conspicuous reduction of CPT II residual activity in leucocytes and in fibroblasts. Fasting test showed an hypoketogenesis. These results support the concept that CPT II deficiency is ubiquitous, even though injury is restricted to the skeletal muscle.

Adolescent↗