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Biomedical subjects

A Jones

Publications and source records attributed to A Jones.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
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GW420867X administered to HIV-1-infected patients alone and in combination with lamivudine and zidovudine.

PURPOSE: GW420867X is a nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The primary objective was to assess the safety of GW420867X in HIV-1-infected patients. The secondary objectives were to assess the effect of GW420867X on plasma HIV-1 RNA and viral genotype and phenotype and to examine the pharmacokinetics of GW420867X in HIV-1-infected patients. METHOD: HIV-1-infected patients were randomized to GW420867X 50 mg/day, 100 mg/day, or 200 mg/day from days 1-28 (n = 15 per group). Lamivudine (3TC) plus zidovudine (ZDV) was added from days 8-28. A control group (n = 15) received GW420867X, 3TC, and ZDV placebos. RESULTS: Plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ counts improved in the GW420867X groups at days 8 and 28. No significant development of drug resistance was detected. Median observed peak GW420867X concentration (C(max)) generally occurred at 2 hours. The area under the curve over the dosing interval (AUCtau)on day 14 increased less than proportionally to dose, suggesting there was increased clearance and/or decreased absorption. Mean trough GW420867X concentrations were many fold above the in vitro IC(50) in the presence of human serum proteins. Seven of 15 patients on 50 mg GW420867X, 8/15 on 100 mg GW420867X, 12/15 on 200 mg GW420867X, and 8/15 on placebo reported drug-related adverse events. CONCLUSION: GW420867X was well tolerated and has potent antiretroviral activity alone and in combination with 3TC plus ZDV.

Adult↗
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Reuse of disposable syringe-needle units in the diabetic patient.

A comparison was made between reuse of plastic disposable needle-syringe units and glass syringes with daily new needles in diabetic patients who take daily insulin injections. Parameters studied were incidence of infection, clarity of syringe readings, ability to use syringe, and sharpness of needle. The plastic disposable units could be reused with safety and patient satisfaction by most patients for at least 3 days. Considerable cost benefit could accrue if disposable units were used more than one time for insulin injections.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
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Cream of Guernsey.

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Community Health Nursing↗
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Community channels.

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Community Health Nursing↗
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Gestalt therapy: theory and practice.

Gestalt therapy, a particular type of psychotherapy, draws on existential and various Eastern philosophies, and aims to enable the individual to seek his or her own solutions to personal problems. Literally translated as 'whole', Gestalt focuses the individual to appreciate and experience the present. This article examines the Gestalt theory and considers its application to a terminally ill client and his wife.

Empathy↗
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Bereavement counselling. Coping with a child's death: a case study.

The death of a new-born baby causes unbearable pain for parents, family and careers. It is important that these feelings are released if a resolution of the experience of loss is to be achieved. The author presents a short case study showing how he helped one family come to terms with their grief. All names and circumstances have been changed to protect the identities of those involved.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
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The influence of professional roles on clinical supervision.

Clinical supervision involves establishing professional relationships that, notwithstanding other benefits, are concerned with safe and effective nursing practice. It is important that supervisors and supervisees are able to work together constructively. Supervisors and supervisees should, therefore, consider their roles and responsibilities outside supervision and how these might influence the supervision relationship. This article draws on the author's personal experiences in the roles of supervisor and supervisee, as well as using ideas from counselling, social work and nursing. Issues related to safe professional practice are also explored. Protocols could be devised offering guidance regarding who should undertake the role of supervisor.

Clinical Competence↗
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Possible influences on clinical supervision.

This article discusses clinical supervision and suggests that, aside from helping nurses to enhance their clinical effectiveness, it could offer experiential methods of assisting nurses to identify and locate supportive networks in the workplace. The advantages and difficulties of supervision relationships are described in context, including some consideration of authority and control.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
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Action stations.

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Humans↗
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Bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy in bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: This study had two objectives: (1) to examine the effects of bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis; (2) to determine any differences between manual and mechanical techniques for bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy. DESIGN: The study design was a systematic review of the literature that used an exhaustive search for trials and review methods prescribed by the Cochrane Collaboration. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials examined patient groups, interventions, and dependent variables. PATIENTS: Patients included those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (emphysema or chronic bronchitis) or bronchiectasis. INTERVENTIONS: Any of the following interventions or combinations thereof were included: manual interventions, such as postural drainage, chest percussion, vibration, chest shaking, directed coughing, or forced exhalation technique. CONTROLS: Controls of the study were as follows: no intervention; placebo; coughing; and mechanical interventions, such as mechanical vibration. RESULTS: The search identified 99 potential trials; inclusion or exclusion analysis left 7, which examined a total of 126 patients. Mean score on trial quality was 1.4 (5 = greatest). Three separate trials (N = 51) found statistically significant effects for bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy on sputum production and radioaerosol clearance. No trials (N = 126) found statistically significant effects on pulmonary function variables or differences between manual and mechanical techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the small sizes, low quality, and mixed results from the trials, the research on bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy is inconclusive. There is a need for adequately sized, high-quality, randomized controlled trials with uniform patient populations to examine the effects of bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy.

Breathing Exercises↗
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G grade upgrade.

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗