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Biomedical subjects

A J Tudway

Publications and source records attributed to A J Tudway.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Cutaneous heterotopic meningeal nodules.

The clinical, light microscopic and immunohistochemical features of six cutaneous heterotopic meningeal nodules (primary, or type I, cutaneous meningiomas) are described. These are rare lesions of the scalp and back which generally present at birth or in childhood. They appear as small subcutaneous fibrous nodules, with no specific clinical features although they can be associated with abnormalities of spinal closure. Microscopically, they show a variable architecture but have similar cytological features. Important diagnostic features include psammoma and small collagenous bodies. An intimate relationship to nerves is seen in some cases, and this may be of significance with regard to the development of these lesions. As with intracranial meningiomas, there is widespread vimentin expression, and most cases show epithelial membrane antigen expression.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Neuropathological studies in a child showing some features of the Rett syndrome.

Clinical and neuropathological data are presented from a girl who died at 14 yrs and who in life displayed some of the characteristics of the Rett syndrome--social withdrawal, progressive loss of locomotor as well as social skills, microcephaly, and a very restricted stereotypy of manipulation. Neuropathological studies showed mild generalised cerebral atrophy with marked unevenness of melanin deposition in nigral neurones. It is suggested that this patient may represent a severe form of the Rett syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of anticoagulation and ileal resection on the development and spread of experimental intestinal carcinomas.

The possibility that anticoagulation with warfarin might inhibit the development of spontaneous metastases from intestinal carcinomas induced by azoxymethane (AOM) was tested in Sprague-Dawley rats with and without 60% distal small-bowel resection (DSBR). Warfarin (0.5 mg/l) was added to the drinking water from 1 week or 12 weeks postoperatively, and thromboplastin times were measured thereafter. AOM was given by 12 weekly s.c. injections (10 mg/kg/week), starting 1 week after DSBR. Besides increasing the sensitivity of rats to warfarin, DSBR itself caused partial anticoagulation, probably because of vitamin K malabsorption: at 30 weeks faecal fat was 59-93% higher, while serum B12 was 40% lower (> 0.05 P > 0.005). Adaptive growth of the jejunum and caecum after DSBR was manifested by 22-76% increases in segmental weight and surface area (P < 0.001). DSBR produced a 4-fold increase in duodenojejunal tumours at 15-25 weeks (P = 0.025) and a 76% increase in colorectal tumours at 25-35 weeks (P < 0.005). Eight of 20 control rats dying after 15 weeks had lymphatic metastases, compared with 0 of 15 rats with DSBR plus warfarin from week 1 (P = 0.005). The overall prevalence of metastases was reduced by both DSBR and warfarin, when assessed independently. Intestinal carcinogenesis induced by AOM is enhanced by the adaptive response to DSBR, but anticoagulation inhibits spontaneous metastases in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Yellow bodies in superficial and deep lymph nodes.

The prevalence of yellow bodies was studied in superficial and deep lymph nodes in material from 46 necropsies. They were found in 22.8% of the 359 lymph nodes collected, ranging from 35.6% of the mesenteric to 11.1% of mediastinal lymph nodes, and were significantly more prevalent in deep abdominal than in superficial groups. Sets of lymph nodes from individuals tended to show an 'all or none' variation in the proportion of nodes that contained yellow bodies, but the presence of the bodies was not significantly related to age, sex, or disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Superficial carcinoma of the stomach.

Nine cases of superficial gastric carcinoma have been detected with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Bristol in the past two years. This contrasted with only six cases found from postoperative gastrectomy specimens examined in the previous eight years. It is often difficult to distinguish a superficial carcinoma from a benign ulcer, and endoscopic diagnosis is effective only if multiple biopsy specimens are taken. Endoscopy should also be repeated and multiple specimens taken until the lesion has healed; even malignant ulcers may heal, and any healed area that is depressed with interrupted mucosal folds should be suspected of malignancy. The endoscopic and histological appearances, the age of the patients, and the clinical behaviour of the disease resembled descriptions of the disease, principally from Japan. Superficial gastric carcinoma is probably under-diagnosed in Britain.

Aged↗