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Biomedical subjects

A J Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to A J Nelson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

N-(Methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxyprostaglandincarboxamides: tissue-selective, uterine stimulants.

In an effort to develop tissue-selective prostaglandin analogues resistant to the metabolic inactivating pathways of the natural materials, hybrid compounds modified both at C-1 with a sulfonimide moiety and in the n-amylcarbinol side chain with substituted phenoxy groups were synthesized and evaluated in a variety of in vitro models. Several of these analogues exhibited potent, tissue-selective, uterine stimulant activity, a finding subsequently confirmed in clinical studies with one member of this series, N-(methanesulfonyl)-16-phenoxy-omega-tetranor-PGE2-carboxamide (CP-34089/ZK-57671, sulprostone).

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed1980

Microwave adjuvant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced lymphoma.

Forty patients with intractable, recurrent Stage IV lymphoma were treated with applications of 434-MHz microwave radiation which were combined with small doses of cytotoxic drugs and/or supervoltage irradiation on an individual basis. Complete remission in 34 patients, and partial remission in four patients followed the treatment course; only two patients failed to improve. At the time of writing, 50% of these patients were alive; the average survival period being 47 months. The synergistic effect of the combination of microwave irradiation with conventional therapeutic agents is discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Combined microwave therapy.

Fifty-two cases of advanced head and neck cancer were treated by 434-MHz radiowave hyperthermia which was combined with cobalt radiotherapy and/or radioactive gold grain implant. Complete resolution of primary and secondary lesions occurred in 94% of cases, and the survival rate after three years was 54%. Retrospective study of comparable series revealed 62.5% resolution rate, and 29% survival after treatment with hyperbaric oxygen and cobalt, while after conventional supervoltage therapy, the resolution rate was 36.5%, and only 19% survived for three years.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1978

The effect of verticality perception on body balance in normal subjects.

The relation between verticality perception and body balance as influenced by perceptual style, age, and sex was investigated in 100 subjects. Perceptual style was measured by the Rod and Frame Test. Body balance data were obtained by two electromechanical force plates. The results of the measurements of perceptual style indicated that the younger groups were more accurate in estimating verticality than the older groups and that men were more accurate than women. With regard to the body balance shift data, however, no significant differences relative to age, sex, or perceptual style were found. The rejection of the hypothesis concerning body balance shift was interpreted in terms of the dominant influence of proprioceptive cues over visual cues in maintaining body balance. In normal standing activities, as long as the neuromuscular system is intact, conflicting stimuli from the visual field appear to have little effect on modifying body balance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Acute disseminated staphylococcal disease in childhood.

From 1964 to 1974 we treated 15 children who had acute disseminated staphyloccal disease. The majority were previously-well males over 5 years of age. Thirteen of 15 patients had one or more cutaneous lesions characteristic of staphyloccal septicemia. Fifty percent of extracutaneous foci of staphylococcal infection were not detected on hospital admission and one third of these lesions were noted for the first time at autopsy. An absolute polymorphonuclear cell count of greater than 10,000/cu mm or an absolute band-form count of greater than 500/cu mm, or both, correlated with the presence of one or more inadequately treated sites of infection. These foci were responsible for bacteremia continuing after the initiation of antimicrobial therapy and for prolonged fever. The overall mortality was 27%; three of the four deaths occurred in patients with predisposing medical conditions. In addition to prolonged antimicrobial therapy, all patients should be evaluated carefully for the presence of occult metastatic sites of staphyloccal infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity of human sperm.

Sperm from normal human donors and a G6PD-A- individual were examined for x-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and autosomally linked 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity. With the use of fluorescence microscopy, we divised a procedure to visualise in individual sperm cells the fluorescence of reduced coenzyme NADPH formed by each of the two enzymes in the presence of appropriate substrates. We found significant differences in the population distribution of sperm expressing each of the two activities, and the ratio of the two activities in sperm homogenate is very different from the one found in erythrocyte lysates. The possibility of haploid gene expression has been considered in interpreting these results.

Electrophoresis, Disc↗
PubMed1976

Inflammatory carcinoma of the breast.

Eighty-six patients with the clinical features of inflammatory carcinoma of the breast (erythema, peau d'orange, wheals or ridges) were treated with irradiation for potential cure between July 1948 and December 1970. Long protracted irradiation alone with a strong skin reaction offers 50% local control, which is the best rate yet reported. Any surgical procedure beyond biopsy is probably damaging: all patients subjected to mastectomy developed distant metastases and died. Ninety per cent of the patients were dead by five years and only 3 patients remain alive without evidence of disease 7, 10 and 14 years after radiotherapy. Analysis of survival rates, incidence, sites and times of appearance of local recurrences, and distant metastases is presented.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Combination of conservative surgery and irradiation for cancer of the breast.

In patients with relatively advanced local or axillary disease, or both, a simple mastectomy followed by irradiation gives the best local and regional control rates. From the existing data, one can state unreservedly that women with early breast cancer take no chance on their life by having a treatment method which preserves the breast. In conjunction with the wedge excision, even if the axilla is clinically negative, a dissection of the low and central axilla brings enough information to decide on elective chemotherapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Indications for adjunctive conservative extrafascial hysterectomy in selected cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The survival rates for a selected group of patients with large central lesions, either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma and managed by combining irradiation and a conservative extrafascial hysterectomy, are comparable to those of carcinoma of the cervix in general. Death is caused much more often by distant metastases and intercurrent disease than by failure within the irradiated volume.

Adenocarcinoma↗