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Biomedical subjects

A J Kroese

Publications and source records attributed to A J Kroese.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The role of blood perfusion and tissue oxygenation in the postischemic transcutaneous pO2 response.

The transcutaneous pO2 (TCpO2) response following release of tourniquet cuff occlusion is expressed as oxygen reappearance time (ORT) and oxygen recovery index (ORI). In the present study the effects of blood perfusion and tissue oxygenation on ORT and ORI in healthy control subjects and two patient groups with peripheral arterial insufficiency were assessed. In control subjects, ORT reflects diffusion time for O2 molecules from capillaries to the TCpO2 sensor. In patients with claudication, ORT was prolonged probably because of delayed postischemic reperfusion and reduced tissue oxygenation. In patients with critical ischemia, prolonged ORT seems to be attributed more to reduced tissue oxygenation than to delayed postischemic reperfusion. ORI in control subjects and patients with claudication apparently depends more on capillary pO2 than on magnitude and duration of the postischemic reperfusion. In patients with critical ischemia, ORI is more related to decreased O2 delivery subsequent to reduced or absent reactive hyperemia response. In addition, increased O2 extraction ("O2 steal") and extensive countercurrent O2 exchange during low flow states may reduce ORT and ORI in severely ischemic skin.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Aneurysms].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1977

Reactive hyperaemia in the calf of trained and untrained subjects: a study with strain gauge plethysmography.

Postischaemic reactive hyperaemia in the calf was investigated by strain gauge plethysmography in three pairs of trained and untrained groups of different ages. Maximal flow and repayment in the trained adults were greater than in corresponding untrained groups. This may be due to training effect on the arterioles and a relatively great muscle volume and vascular bed in athletes. The 58-year-old trained men revealed a postischaemic hyperaemic response of approximately the same magnitude as the 25-year-old athletes. Training in old age may result in less degeneration of vascular smooth muscle as well as striated muscle and may induced a relatively great cardiac stroke volume, factors which probably influence reactive hyperaemia in the calf. Hyperaemia in 13-year-old children of different conditions of training was approximwtely the same. It is concluded that the influence of training state on postischaemic calf flow may be considered when reactive hyperaemia is used as a test of the peripheral circulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The influence of age on reactive hyperaemia in the human calf: a study with strain gauge plethysmography.

Postischaemic reactive hyperaemia in the calf was investigated by strain gauge plethysmography in four groups of ten subjects. The mean age of the different groups was 6, 13, 24 and 57 years respectively. Basal calf flow, repayment and recovery time in the 6-year-old children were greater than in the other groups, which may be related to a higher metabolic rate in young children. Maximal flow in the four groups was not significantly different, which indicates that the arteriolar response to circulatory arrest is not altered by increasing age. The cause of delay in maximal flow in the group of 6-year-olds is not clearly understood. Basal and postischaemic lowest peripheral resistance increased with age, which is probably caused by changes of the arterioles due to ageing and possibly inactivity. The fall in peripheral resistance induced by 3 min of ischaemia was positively correlated with mean blood pressure. This may be due to a greater net reduction in blood pressure during ischaemia, which brobably elicits a stronger myogenic response of the vessel wall. It is concluded that in clinical use of the reactive hyperaemia test in the calf, the influence of age is of minor importance, whereas postischaemic peripheral resistance is a more accurate measure of vasocilation for comparison of subjects with different blood pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Arterio-intestinal fistula as a complication following insertion of an aorto-iliac bifurcation graft. A case report.

A patient who had been treated with insertion of an aorto-iliac bifurcation dacron prosthesis for atherosclerosis 6 years previously, developed a fistulous communication between a false aneurysm at the distal anastomosis to the left iliac artery and an ileal loop. Intestinal haemorrhage and signs of infection were the main symptoms. Successful surgical treatment consisted of suturing the intestinal defect, removal of the left limb of the graft and vascular reconstruction by means of a subcutaneous femorofemoral vein bypass.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1977

The effect of inactivity on reactive hyperaemia in the human calf: a study with strain gauge plethysmography.

In order to study the influence of muscular inactivity on reactive hyperaemia, postischaemic blood flow was measued with strain gauge plethysmography in the calf of twenty-nine patients, who had been treated with a plaster cast for a trauma of the lower limb. The contralateral leg served as a comparison. In all but two patients postischaemic maximal flow was lower in the immobilized calf. A negative correlation existed between maximal flow and the duration of immobilization. In the course of 6 weeks after removal of the cast, the difference in maximal flow between both sides became insignificant. Venous volume and venous emptying were not different in the two limbs. The effect of inactivity on reactive hyperaemic response may be explained by an effect of inactivity on the arterioles, muscle atrophy, a decrease in capillarization and in oxidative capacity of the muscle fibres. It is concluded that inactivity and atrophy of the lower limb musculature in patients with peripheral arterial disease may be a contributing factor to the low reactive hyperaemic response in the calf of such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Occlusion of the abdominal aorta in a 29-year-old patient.

Following a period of two years with gradually increasing dyspnoe, the patient, a 29-year-old man, suddenly developed acute respiratory distress. On admission to hospital, blood pressure was 260/110, and there were no femoral pulses. Cine-angiography of the aorta revealed a total occlusion from the level of the first lumbar vertebra to the renal arteries. An extensive collateral circulation was visualized. Kidney function was normal. At operation, the aorta was as hard as stone, but the calibre was normal from the diaphragm down to the renal arteries. A dacron graft was inserted, end-to-side between the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta distal to the inferior mesenteric artery. Postoperatively, the systemic and ankle blood pressure became near normal. The aetiology of the aortic changes remains unknown. Several possibilities are considered, among them abdominal aortitis and cystic necrosis of the media. Coarctation of the abdominal aorta is less likely, as no narrowing of the aorta was seen at operation.

Adult↗