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Biomedical subjects

A J Ivinson

Publications and source records attributed to A J Ivinson.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Challenges and opportunities for the biomedical research community.

The biomedical research community of the new millennium has at its disposal the resources and knowledge to bring about major changes in human health. Technological advances on a scale never before seen mean that we can consider a level of medical investigation and intervention unimaginable only 20 years ago. But with this power comes a tremendous responsibility to think carefully about how those resources should best be used. For reasons of economy, biomedical research is likely to remain focussed on the needs of rich countries. This need not, however, mean that poorer countries cannot in the future receive a greater benefit from the current community of biomedical researchers. And given the nature of disease and its disrespect for national boundaries, a more global approach to biomedical research should be attractive to rich and poor countries alike. Achieving this change, no matter how modest in scale, will require a concerted effort at all levels within the biomedical research community. Indeed, the community is at a stage when it must pay closer attention to the sensitivities and concerns of its patient population. Only then will the tremendous potential of biomedical research be embraced and supported by our societies.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Why vaccines?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Testing for cystic fibrosis using allelic association.

A particular haplotype defined by probes XV2c, KM19, and CS.7 at the D7S23 locus was found on 90% of chromosomes which carry cystic fibrosis (CF), but on only 11% of normal chromosomes in a UK sample of CF carriers. We show how such data can be used to calculate carrier risks for people with and without a family history of CF, and give examples of clinical applications. For parents or sibs of dead CF patients, phase and genotypes can often be assigned with only 1 to 2% error. However, this method is not suitable for prenatal testing where there is no history of CF; for couples with no family history, no fetus can be shown to be at more than 2% risk of being affected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optimizing PCR conditions for HLA class II SSO typing.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has made the technique of sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) typing fast, accurate and very sensitive. These combined techniques are an ideal tool for analysing the complex patterns of polymorphism seen throughout the HLA complex. The success of the technique relies heavily on accurate and specific amplification of the DNA under study. This paper considers the principles behind the PCR amplification technique and discusses the factors which lead to optimal amplification. Primer design is discussed and a variety of sources of target DNA considered. Precautions designed to prevent contamination are discussed. Reaction components are considered both in isolation and as part of the complete reaction. Finally, a complete PCR protocol is suggested. The paper is illustrated with examples of HLA class II amplification.

DNA↗