Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A J Hart

Publications and source records attributed to A J Hart.

82 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A comparison of cephazolin sodium and co-trimoxazole as prophylactic antibiotics in out-patient urinary tract endoscopy.

Five-hundred patients were entered into a study to compare intramuscular cephazolin sodium with intramuscular co-trimoxazole in reducing the incidence of post-endoscopy rigor in out-patients. Urine cultures were carried out immediately before, immediately after, and 24 h after endoscopy and the incidence of post-procedure symptoms was elicited by pre-paid reply post cards. Similar rigor rates (9%) were obtained in the 2 groups. The incidence of sensitivity of the significant cultured organisms to the 2 antibiotics was high, but no correlation was found between the presence of infected urine and rigor, and possible reasons for this are discussed. Patients found intramuscular administration of co-trimoxazole to be painful and the 10% incidence of rigor is no improvement on the 8% rigor rate obtained in those who received cephazolin.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1982

The effects of radiotherapy on the integrity of the ureteroileal segment following cystectomy.

Thirty-nine patients treated by cystectomy and ileal loop diversion for carcinoma of bladder were divided into 3 groups: A. cystectomy alone, B. cystectomy combined with pre-operative irradiation, C. Salvage cystectomy following radical radiotherapy. The post-operative complications and subsequent function of the ureteroileal segment of the urinary diversion were compared in the 3 groups. Those having primary cystectomy had the fewest complications and best long-term function, whilst those having surgery within 12 months of radical radiotherapy had the highest incidence of ureteroileal obstruction. The possible aetiology is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder. A review of 114 patients.

A retrospective review of 114 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of bladder presenting in Glasgow between 1964 and 1978 is described with emphasis on treatment and survival. Ninety-seven patients (92.4%) were found to have invasive tumours (T2-T4) at diagnosis. Metastatic disease was confirmed in only 10 patients (8.8%). Only 23.8% of patients were alive one year after diagnosis, the overall 5-year survival rate being 1.9%. The 5-year survival rates for patients with T2 and T3 disease following radical radiotherapy were 16.7 and 4.8% respectively. No conclusions concerning the role of total cystectomy could be drawn from this series because of the small number of patients undergoing the operation, but a review of the literature suggests this may be the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Varicoceles--a ten year retrospective review.

A retrospective survey of men having ligation of varicoceles for infertility from 1969-79 was carried out. Out of 95 patients 71 were traced. The wives of 35 of the patients (48%) subsequently became pregnant while 36 (52%) did not. Almost 60 per cent of patients with a post-operative sperm count more than 40 million/ml achieved a pregnancy. Approximately half the successful pregnancies were achieved within 2 1/2 years but successful pregnancies continued until 5 1/2 years after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Incidence of urethral stricture after transurethral resection of prostate. Effects of urinary infection, urethral flora, and catheter material and size.

Urethral stricture is the most common complication of transurethral resection of prostate, occurring in up to 29 per cent of cases. A prospective trial was initiated to ascertain if the presence of positive urine and urethral bacterial cultures made any significant difference in urethral stricture incidence. One hundred patients were entered in the trial, 50 receiving latex catheters and 50 receiving Teflon catheters. There was no significant difference between the two groups in incidence of urethral stricture, and there was no correlation between positive urine and urethral bacterial cultures and stricture formation. It is suggested, therefore, tha urethral catheter material and size and the presence of organisms in the urine and in the urethra do not contribute significantly to the formation of urethral stricture following transurethral resection of the prostate.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of cephazolin and gentamicin in the prophylactic treatment of infection in out-patient urinary tract endoscopy.

Previous studies have shown that the incidence of rigors following urinary tract endoscopy in out-patients may be as high as 16% and that this incidence can be significantly lowered to about 7% by the administration of intramuscular cephazolin sodium at the time of endoscopy. In order to reduce further the rigor rate, a comparison of intramuscular cephazolin with gentamicin has been carried out with 200 patients in each group. There was a rigor rate correlation between an infected urine and the occurrence of a rigor. Cephazolin sodium remains the drug of choice in this situation because of its low toxicity.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1980

Assessment of the morbidity and value of prophylactic cephazolin sodium in urinary tract instrumentation in out-patients.

A pilot study showed that following urinary tract endoscopy in out-patients there is a significant incidence of subsequent rigor and general practitioner call-out. A double-blind study was carried out in 690 consecutive patients to assess the effectiveness of prophylactic doses (1 g) of cephazolin, given intravenously or intramuscularly at the time of the procedure, compared with no treatmemnt or placebo. The results, assessed from replies to a questionnaire, showed that whereas cephazolin given intravenously did not affect the incidence of subsequent rigor there was a significant reduction compared with controls when the antibiotic was given in the same dose intramuscularly.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1978

Dextran and intermittent pneumatic compression in prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis: multiunit trial.

Seven general surgical units co-operated in a clinical trial of dextran 70 and pneumatic calf compression alone and in combination in the preventing of 125I-fibrinogen-detectable deep vein thrombosis in 305 patients. Both dextran regimens were significantly more effective than pneumatic compression alone. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed in 14 patients, but there was no significant difference in incidence among the three treatment groups. In patients receiving dextran there was no greater median operative blood loss but there was a significantly greater incidence of postoperative bleeding complications.

Aged↗