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Biomedical subjects

A J Hall

Publications and source records attributed to A J Hall.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Hepatitis B among Indochinese refugees in Great Britain.

Six hundred and thirty-two blood samples from 879 consecutive admissions to one resettlement camp for Indochinese refugees in Great Britain were screened for markers of hepatitis B (HB) virus infection. The overall prevalence of HB surface antigen (HBsAg) was 15%, being 16% in those aged 40 years or less, and falling to 8% in those older than 40 (P less than 0.05). No significant difference in prevalence was found between males and females. HBe antigen was detected in 56% of those with HBsAg and was demonstrable in 55-76% of those under 30 years of age. HBe antibody was found in 21% of HBsAg-positive refugees. In those under 40 years old, HB core (HBc) antibody was commoner in males (P less than 0.01). HBc antibody prevalence increased significantly with age in females (P less than 0.01) but not in males. There was no definite evidence that vertical transmission of hepatitis B was present in the group studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A high-frequency albinism variant on the gulf coast of Papua.

An apparently recessively inherited albinism variant characterized by skin tanning, light but not white hair, uniformly pigmented irides varying in colour from hazel to dark brown, slight nystagmus, divergent strabismus, mild hyperkeratosis and only slight or absent photophobia, occurs among the Elema-speaking peoples of the Gulf Province of Papua New Guinea at frequencies indicating that the gene which produces it is polymorphic. It is readily distinguishable from both classical types of albinism, from the "redskin" variant also found in Papua New Guinea, and from the "yellow mutant" albinism of North America. The differences from the African types of "albinoidism" or "partial albinism" are less marked, and it may represent a similar mutation with simply a different distribution of the melanosomes in the two peoples, Allelism, or lack of it, with classical tyrosinase-positive albinism has not been determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Heparin-induced osteopenia in pregnancy.

Multiple vertebral compression fractures occurred in a pregnant woman receiving heparin over nine months. This phenomenon may be more common than is clinically recognised and warrants careful re-examination of the indications and method of administration of anti-coagulants during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Reproducibility of biparietal diameter measurements obtained with a real-time scanner.

In 80 patients, multiple measurements of the fetal biparietal diameter were made during one examination using a real-time scanner equipped with a coded cephalometer. From the sets of data, the means and standard deviations for the group of 80 patients were calculated. In 80 per cent of cases, the individual standard deviations of the results were less than or equal to the estimated standard deviation of the group as a whole. The variability of measurement related to biparietal diameter was least in the range 59 to 83 mm. Comparison of the results obtained with the coded device and others obtained 'blind' does not reveal any significant advantage for the coded device.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1978

Electronic area and perimeter measurement of ultrasonic images.

An electronic system for measuring area and perimeter directly on cross-sectional ultrasonic images is described. The resulting values are unaffected by the distortions common to display monitors or errors in the display scale factor. The results of accuracy tests are given, including a comparison with measurements by planimeter and map-measurer.

Ultrasonics↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of biparietal diameter measurements using a real-time scanner and a conventional scanner equipped with a coded cephalometry system.

In 131 patients a comparison was made between measurements obtained using a real-time scanner and those obtained using a conventional "B" scanner with an attached "coded cephalometry system": 69 per cent of the readings agreed within +/- 2 mm and, when the "B" scan reading was considered "good", 90 percent fell within this range. Between 14 and 28 weeks, gestational age diagnoses using the two methods were within one week of each other in 88 of 89 patients.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1976

Effects of age and fasting on gluconeogenesis from glycerol in dogs.

The extent of gluconeogenesis from glycerol was examined in pups and adult dogs. With use of the SAAM-26 program, a four compartment model was formulated from tracer data to calculate the kinetics of the glycerol:glucose system. In the postabsorptive state gluconeogenesis from glycerol declines with age: 13.8% of glucose carbon originated from glycerol in 0- to 4-day-old pups, 6% in adults. Approximately 50% of glycerol carbon is converted to glucose carbon independent of age. During fasting, a) the percentage of glucose carbon arising from glycerol carbon increased to 13.3% and 10.3% in adult dogs and pups 5-19 days old, respectively, in younger pups it declined to 3.4%; b) glycerol production increased in adults, but decreased in the youngest pups; c) glucose production and utilization decreased at all ages, and a smaller percentage of glycerol carbon was converted to glucose carbon, especially in the youngest pups. Thus in neonates fasting decreases gluconeogenesis from glycerol.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

A method for checking the registration of contact B-scanners.

The use of an ultrasonic delay line and mechanical arm as a means of checking the registration of contact B-scanners is described. The principle of operation is applicable to any make of equipment. The amount of misregistration can be assessed, and discontinuities or departures from the normal can be demonstrated in the transducer position sensing system. As an added benefit it is a rapid means of checking both picture size and the accuracy of electronic markers.

Ultrasonics↗