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Biomedical subjects

A J Gerlock

Publications and source records attributed to A J Gerlock.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The opisthion on the lateral radiograph of the cervical spine.

Ten adult dry skulls were radiographed in the lateral projection to evaluate the appearance of the opisthion, the posterior margin of the foramen magnum. The opisthion was seen on all 10 skulls and its position was confirmed by outlining it with barium paste. In cross section, it is a teardrop-shaped structure continuous with the internal occipital crest. A beak-shaped shadow anterior to the opisthion was also examined with the barium technique. It is an overlap shdow formed by the interior margin of the foramen magnum and the inferior border of the occipital bone on the same side. In a review of 50 random radiographs of the cervical spine, the opisthion was identified on 42 (84%) and the beak-shaped overlap shadow was seen on 28 (56%). The spinolaminal line, which delineates the posterior margin of the cervical spinal canal, was an unreliable indicator of the position of the opisthion in 17 (40%) of the 42 cases in which the opisthion could be identified.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radiographic manifestations of gastrointestinal tuberculosis.

Barium studies of a gastrointestinal tract and chest radiographs of 109 patients with gastrointestinal tuberculosis were investigated. The type and site of the tuberculous lesions in the bowel, as well as its association with pulmonary tuberculosis and surgical complications, were reviewed. The ileocecal region is the portion of the gastrointestinal tract most frequently involved. The ulcerohypertrophic type of tuberculous lesion was the most common. Thirty-two percent of the patients had a normal chest radiograph. Nineteen patients had a significant surgical complication. Fistulous tracts and intestinal perforation are rare. The radiographic differential diagnosis with regional enteritis and other forms of inflammatory bowel disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hazards of straight catheter aortography in the tortuous abdominal aorta.

Twenty abdominal aortograms utilizing a straight-tipped catheter were evaluated for catheter tip motion during the injection of contrast media. The catheter tips were stable in 15 patients but showed downward recoil in the remaining 5 patients. These 5 patients had marked tortuosity of their abdominal aortae which was felt to be the etiology of the catheter tip instability. Based on this finding, the use of a straight-tipped catheter is to be discouraged in patients with extreme tortuosity of the abdominal aorta.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1978

The validity of normal arteriography in penetrating trauma.

The detection of underlying arterial injury is a major problem in the management of penetrating trauma. Arteriovenous fistula and false aneurysm are late sequelae of unrepaired injuries. The diagnostic accuracy of arteriography in clinically occult injury has not been defined. One hundred and seventy-seven patients with 183 penetrating extremity wounds underwent arteriography followed by operative vessel exploration. Arteriogram/operation correlation demonstrated 36 true-positive, 132 true-negative, 14 false-positive, and one false-negative arteriogram. Arteriography is sufficiency sensitive to exclude the presence of arterial injury in patients with equivocal clinical signs of injury. The radiographic changes are often sublte and diagnostic accuracy demands attention to the details of technique and interpretation. Unequivocal clinical signs of arterial injury and any arteriographic abnormality are indications for operative exploration.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

Right posterior oblique: the projection of choice in aortography of hypertensive patients.

The right posterior oblique (RPO) is the most helpful aortographic projection for demonstrating the origins of the renal arteries. In 59% of the 692 hypertensive patients studied, the origins of both renal arteries were seen in this projection. The second most helpful aortographic projection was the anteroposterior (AP) view, which showed the origins of the renal arteries in 22.6% of these patients. The remaining 18.4% of the patients required both the AP and RPO projections in order to show the origins of both renal arteries.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1978

Angiography of intimal and intramural arterial injuries.

Fifteen patients with injuries disrupting the tunica intima and media are reviewed and 5 cases demonstrating the typical angiographic appearance of these injuries described. In all 15, the tunica adventitia remained intact and pulses were present on the initial physical examination. Injuries described include subintimal hemorrhages with and without an associated tear of the intima and a complete tear of both the tunica intima and media with the tunica adventitia intact. The authors conclude that angiography is the best preoperative diagnostic procedure for these injuries; it should be used whenever the trauma involves a site near a major vessel.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The Andy Gump fracture of the mandible: a cause of respiratory obstruction or distress.

Bilateral body fractures of the elderly edentulous atrophic mandible can cause a characteristic facial deformity and prolapse of the tongue into the pharynx, obstructing the airway (3). Early clinical and radiographic diagnosis of this injury is important. Stabilization of the fracture fragments restores the bony support for the tongue and helps establish patency of the airway.

Aged↗