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A J D'Ardenne

Publications and source records attributed to A J D'Ardenne.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and the beta 1-integrins in asthma.

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) appears to be important to the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in Ascaris sensitized monkeys. Beta 1-integrins are expressed on epithelial cells, and may contribute to adherence of epithelial cells to the basement membrane. The aim of this study was to determine whether adhesion receptor expression was altered in human asthmatic bronchial epithelium. Using monoclonal antibody staining, we have examined the expression of ICAM-1 and the alpha 1-alpha 6-subunits of the beta 1-integrin family in bronchial mucosal biopsies from 33 asthmatic and 13 nonasthmatic subjects. The epithelium was positive for ICAM-1 in 26 out of 33 asthmatics, although negative in all 13 nonasthmatics. ICAM-1 expression was not associated with bronchial responsiveness or with medication requirements. Beta 1-integrin staining showed that alpha 2-, alpha 3- and alpha 6-subunits stained the epithelium in all cases. Alpha 4 staining was weakly positive in the epithelium in five asthmatics. Alpha 5 staining was weak in asthmatics and normals. Alpha 4 and alpha 6-subunits also stained inflammatory cells. Epithelial upregulation of ICAM-1 is present in asthma. Beta 1-integrins with alpha 2-, alpha 3- and alpha 6-subunits appear to be constitutively expressed in bronchial epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Persistence of Epstein-Barr virus in Reed-Sternberg cells throughout the course of Hodgkin's disease.

Non-isotopic in situ hybridization employing digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes has been used to localize Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 55 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD). The virus was found in Reed-Sternberg (RS) and mononuclear Hodgkin's cells in nine patients (16 per cent). Further samples taken at different times from three patients also showed the presence of EBV in the malignant cell population. Estimations of the number of EBV genomes present per cell suggested wide variations between different patients, but relatively constant amounts in different samples from the same patient. These findings are compatible with a stable infection of the neoplastic cells and support the notion that EBV may play a role in the development of HD in these patients. We also found evidence for the presence of EBV in a small percentage of non-neoplastic cells in 8 of the 55 samples. This suggests that isolation of EBV from HD tissue does not always signify a pathogenetic role for the virus. Furthermore, it is apparent that a high percentage of HD tissues do not contain demonstrable EBV, and the virus is therefore unlikely to be a causative agent for all cases of HD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Co-ordinate expression of the alpha-6 integrin laminin receptor sub-unit and laminin in breast cancer.

Interactions between cells and extracellular matrices are mediated in part by a family of heterodimeric molecules known as integrins. We have investigated, using immunohistology, the distribution of six integrin alpha sub-units in normal breast tissue and 26 breast carcinomas. Alpha-1 integrin (collagen/laminin receptor sub-unit) was detected in myoepithelium, but not in luminal epithelium nor in most (20/26) carcinomas. Its expression on fibroblasts was enhanced in desmoplastic stroma. Both benign and malignant epithelium showed uniform positive staining for alpha-2 (collagen receptor sub-unit) and for alpha-3 (collagen/fibronectin/laminin receptor sub-unit). All epithelium was negative for alpha-4 (sub-unit of a fibronectin receptor). Epithelial staining for alpha-5 (fibronectin receptor sub-unit) was weak in all samples. Alpha-6 (sub-unit of two integrin laminin receptors) showed conspicuous changes in all invasive carcinomas. In normal tissues, there was weak staining of epithelial cytoplasm with alpha-6 antibody and moderate cell membrane staining. Strongest staining was present in a basement membrane distribution. In carcinomas, loss of cytoplasmic and cell membrane staining was variable, but basal membrane staining was diminished or absent in all tumours. Loss of basal membrane staining for alpha-6 integrin corresponded closely to loss of immunoreactivity for its ligand laminin in invasive breast cancer.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1989

Paucity of fibronectin in invasive lobular carcinoma of breast.

Fifty-four cases of invasive carcinoma of breast were immunostained for fibronectin and laminin. They included 36 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma and 18 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma. Although there was some heterogeneity within tumours, it was found that whilst the majority of ductal carcinomas (31/36) had abundant fibronectin at cell/stroma boundaries or diffusely throughout stroma, a substantial proportion of lobular carcinomas (12/18) had very little (P less than 0.001). This difference could not be related to differences in laminin immunoreactivity, which was most commonly scanty or absent in both tumour types. It is postulated that the characteristic infiltration pattern of lobular carcinoma may be attributed in part to paucity of stromal fibronectin.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

P component in the synovium in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.

P component is present in amyloid deposits, normal serum, and normal tissues in relation to elastic fibres. Its pathological role in inflammatory synovitis was investigated. Its distribution was determined immunohistologically in 33 synovia: 15 rheumatoid; seven osteoarthritic; seven traumatic controls; and four infected biopsy specimens. P component was present in two circumscribed distributions: extracellular fibrils in dense fibroelastic tissue of the more fibrotic synovia; and in the arterial wall, where it was confined to a single elastic lamina in some cases and in others showed reduplication and fragmentation. These were not related to amyloid material. It shows no disease specificity, but P component categorises the nature of the pathological reaction and is typically in biopsy specimens showing the development of chronic fibrosis. There was close codistribution of P component with elastic tissue, though this was not absolute. P component had a different distribution from C reactive protein (in synovial lining cell layer), and fibronectin, which was absent from fibrotic areas. Understanding the pathological interactions of P component may help elucidate why some synovial reactions remain inflammatory and other progress to chronic fibrosis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1987

Lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma: an immunohistological study.

Eighteen cases of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma (LPL) have been immunophenotypically characterized with a panel of 26 monoclonal antibodies. All cases expressed leucocyte common antigen, class II MHC and stained with B cell markers (CD19, CD20, CD22) although a variable proportion of tumour cells were noticed to have lost some B cell marker expression. There was some phenotypic heterogeneity with variable immunostaining with KB61, CD21, and CD5. A variable proportion of cells in all cases contained cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. Surface immunoglobulin light chain restriction was demonstrated in 11 cases and heavy chain predominance in 16 cases. Few tumour cells were proliferating as indicated by Ki67 immunostaining. A wide variation in number of macrophages and T lymphocytes were present in association with the tumours. A significant association between the expression of CD5 and the presence of peripheral blood lymphocytosis was noticed (p less than 0.003) but there was no association between CD5 and co-expression of IgM and IgD. This data supports an origin from non-germinal centre cells for LPL and suggests that CD5 expression by B cells may be related to lymphocyte migration. LPL shows some immunological heterogeneity and can present diagnostic difficulties, but its poor prognosis makes it an important category of lymphoma to recognise.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1987

Value of CD15 immunostaining in diagnosing Hodgkin's disease: a review of published literature.

The role of antibodies of CD15 as diagnostic markers of Hodgkin's disease was assessed from a review of the literature. A total of 571 cases of Hodgkin's disease and 386 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were included. The sensitivity of CD15 in detecting cases of Hodgkin's disease was 80% or 91% if cases of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease were excluded. The specificity of CD15 was only 80.6%, or in other words, 19.4% of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were CD15 positive. In an ideal test both the sensitivity and specificity would be 100% and if the test performance were no better than chance then they would both be 50%. It is concluded that CD15 immunostaining cannot be regarded as a sensitive or specific marker of Hodgkin's disease. Application of this formal method of analysis to other immunohistological reagents and panels of antibodies is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

New marker of B lymphocytes, MB2: comparison with other lymphocyte subset markers active in conventionally processed tissue sections.

The use of the murine monoclonal antibody MB2 for identifying B lymphocytes in routinely processed tissue was evaluated and contrasted with the use of the monoclonal antibody UCHL1 for identifying T cells. One hundred and sixty eight surgical biopsy specimens were immunostained with these antibodies, including a wide range of normal and neoplastic non-lymphoid tissues, as well as normal lymphoreticular tissues and lymphomas. Sixty four non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were also examined, of which 51 had been previously phenotypically defined. In selected cases the results were compared with those obtained using two other monoclonal antibodies MB1 and MT1, used for identifying B and T cells, respectively, in paraffin sections. MB1 stained a smaller proportion of B cell tumours than MB2 and staining was, in general, weaker, except in one case of centroblastic lymphoma. MT1 immunoreactivity was comparable with that of UCHL1, except in one case of T lymphoblastic lymphoma (MT1 positive, UCHL1 negative). None of the antibodies is ideal, but, if used as a panel, they permit the separation of B cells and T cells in paraffin sections.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Rapid technique of DNA-DNA in situ hybridisation on formalin fixed tissue sections using microwave irradiation.

The relative sensitivities of different protocols for detecting cytomegalovirus nucleic acid sequences in histological specimens, using a biotinylated cDNA probe, were assessed. Several commonly used pre-treatment steps were not essential, nor was the use of a highly sensitive detection system. The choice of enzyme used for proteolytic digestion of tissue seems to be important, and increasing the temperature of denaturation of tissue and probe DNA to above 100 degrees C greatly increased the sensitivity of the method. Difficulties in achieving such high temperatures in a controlled manner were overcome by the use of a rapid microwave heating method that can be used routinely in laboratories. This technique detected cytomegalovirus infections in formalin fixed, paraffin processed tissue sections within a single working day.

Cytomegalovirus↗
PubMed1987

Demonstration of lymphoid antigens in decalcified bone marrow trephines.

A panel of antibodies recognising lymphoid and epithelial antigens in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections was applied to a series of 54 bone marrow trephines decalcified by formic or edetic acids. Normal trephines and cases infiltrated by myeloid, lymphoid, and epithelial tumours were included. Patterns of reactivity were distinct and allowed the different diseases to be distinguished. All lymphoid tumours expressed leucocyte common antigen, with B cell tumours staining with MB1 and MB2, and T cell tumours staining with MT1 and UCHL1. T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)/lymphoblastic lymphoma all stained with MT1, but some were negative with UCHL1. B cell ALL/lymphoblastic lymphoma also stained with MT1, but could be distinguished by its reactivity with MB1 and MB2. Reed-Sternberg cells did not stain with any reagent. Normal and neoplastic myeloid cells stained with MT1. Carcinomas stained with CAM 5.2 but were negative for lymphoid markers except MB2 staining in some cases. A case of neuroblastoma could be distinguished from ALL/lymphoblastic lymphoma by its lack of reactivity with all antileucocyte antibodies and its staining with antineurone specific enolase. Although not ideal, if used together, this panel of reagents may usefully be applied to routinely fixed and processed, decalcified bone marrow trephines.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Acetone/periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation and improved morphology of cryostat sections for immunohistochemistry.

Cryostat sections are extensively used in the study of lymphoid tissues because the majority of antigens do not survive routine fixation and processing. A major disadvantage of cryostat section immunohistochemistry is their poor morphology. The use of periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation regimes for cryostat sections was evaluated and compared with conventional acetone immersion. This fixation gives excellent morphology but poor immunostaining. The quality of immunostaining with a panel of 31 antibodies was good with brief acetone fixation followed by PLP fixation. Morphological preservation was very good. We suggest that acetone-PLP fixation is an improvement over acetone alone for cryostat section immunohistochemistry.

Acetone↗
PubMed1983

Comparative distribution of fibronectin and type III collagen in normal human tissues.

The distribution of fibronectin (FN) and type III collagen (IIIC) in normal adult human tissues have been directly compared using immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques on fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded material. Although in many tissues localisation of these two proteins appeared similar, two major differences were identified: (1) Where the ratio of extracellular matrix to cells is high (e.g. in breast, intestinal submucosa), FN was scanty and present predominantly in association with cells, whether of epithelial, endothelial or mesenchymal origin. IIIC was present diffusely throughout interstitial connective tissue. (2) In the highly specialised vascular beds of spleen and renal glomeruli, FN was abundant and accompanied by little or no IIIC. It is postulated that these differences reflect a generalised more intimate association of FN with cell surfaces and basal laminae which is not always discernible by light microscopy. Proximity of FN and IIIC may nevertheless be important for cell-matrix interactions. It was also noted that "reticulin" fibres as defined by silver impregnation do not all have an identical composition.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immune complex nephritis in alcoholic cirrhosis: detection of Mallory body antigen in complexes by means of monoclonal antibodies to Mallory bodies.

A Mallory body (alcoholic hyaline) antigen (JMB2) which is also present in intermediate filaments of epithelial origin was demonstrated immunohistochemically in renal glomeruli of three out of eleven patients with alcoholic liver damage. In two of these patients, both of whom had alcoholic cirrhosis with Mallory bodies, it was associated with mesangial deposits of IgA and C3. JMB2 was not found in glomeruli of normal controls, nor in a series of cases of glomerulonephritis in non-alcoholic patients. It is concluded that JMB2 is present in immune complexes in renal glomeruli of patients with renal disease consequent on alcoholic liver disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Fibronectin and type III collagen in epithelial neoplasms of gastrointestinal tract and salivary gland.

The distribution of fibronectin (FN) and collagen type III (IIIC) have been compared in a series of epithelial neoplasms from the gastrointestinal tract and salivary gland. The difficulty of distinguishing between FN of epithelial and fibroblastic origin is emphasised and evidence is presented for the validity of this distinction. In carcinomas FN was sometimes, but not invariably, lost from epithelial cell surfaces. Both FN and IIIC were increased in reactive connective tissue stroma. It is concluded that loss of cell surface FN is unlikely to be a useful diagnostic marker for malignancy, but that the occurrence of this phenomenon in vivo as in vitro indicates that it is biologically significant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hairy cell leukemia--mediastinal involvement. A report of two cases and review of the literature.

The clinical features of two patients with hairy cell leukemia involving the mediastinum are described. Both patients presented with acute chest pain 2-3 months prior to diagnosis being made. In one patient mediastinal disease was recorded only by computerized tomography of the thorax. There was good response of mediastinal disease to alpha-interferon in both patients, in spite of persisting bone marrow involvement with hairy cell leukemia.

Adult↗