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Biomedical subjects

A J Cooper

Publications and source records attributed to A J Cooper.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Genital Paget's disease and urinary tract malignancy.

Eight cases of Paget's disease of genital mucosa with malignancy of the lower urinary tract are described. In five it was apparent that there was concurrence of two separate malignancies. In one patient with long-standing Paget's disease of the genital mucosa, carcinoma of the urethra and bladder developed subsequently in continuity with the genital lesion; the two lesions were indistinguishable histologically, suggesting extension of the Paget's disease into urothelium. In two patients with bladder malignancy, there was histologic evidence of outward pagetoid extension of this process along urothelium and onto the genital mucosa. The significance of genital Paget's disease is discussed in the light of these findings, and the possible origins of Paget cells within the epidermis are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral ammonia metabolism in hyperammonemic rats.

The short-term metabolic fate of blood-borne [13N]ammonia was determined in the brains of chronically (8- or 14-week portacaval-shunted rats) or acutely (urease-treated) hyperammonemic rats. Using a "freeze-blowing" technique it was shown that the overwhelming route for metabolism of blood-borne [13N]ammonia in normal, chronically hyperammonemic and acutely hyperammonemic rat brain was incorporation into glutamine (amide). However, the rate of turnover of [13N]ammonia to L-[amide-13N]glutamine was slower in the hyperammonemic rat brain than in the normal rat brain. The activities of several enzymes involved in cerebral ammonia and glutamate metabolism were also measured in the brains of 14-week portacaval-shunted rats. The rat brain appears to have little capacity to adapt to chronic hyperammonemia because there were no differences in activity compared with those of weight-matched controls for the following brain enzymes involved in glutamate/ammonia metabolism: glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamine transaminase, glutaminase, and glutamate decarboxylase. The present findings are discussed in the context of the known deleterious effects on the CNS of high ammonia levels in a variety of diseases.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

Cell kinetics and in vitro clonogenicity of primary colorectal cancer: clinicopathological relationships and the implications for chemotherapy.

Cells with the capacity for clonogenic growth in vitro can be isolated from primary human colorectal carcinomas. In this study colonies were grown, composed of cells which expressed epithelial membrane antigen and CEA, confirming their neoplastic character. Adequate growth for assessing the cytotoxicity of drugs for use in clinical chemotherapy regimes was obtained from 64% of the specimens. Colony forming efficiency of the tumour cells was not related to clinical stage or pathological grade of the parent tumour. The S-Phase fraction of the tumour was established in vitro using pulse thymidine labelling. The thymidine labelling index for Dukes' stage A and B tumours was significantly higher (median 15.7%, range 10.1-23.6%) than for Dukes' stages C and D (median 11.7%, range 0.1-13.6%). Colony forming efficiency in vitro was independent of the thymidine labelling index of the tumour. These findings are discussed with reference to the known heterogeneity of colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗