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Biomedical subjects

A Iwasawa

Publications and source records attributed to A Iwasawa.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) of gonadotropins.

Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA), which has recently been developed as a non-isotopic immunoassay, was intended for assay of gonadotropins (LH and FSH). Ovine LH or FSH was labeled with N1-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-diethylenetriamine-N1, N2, N3, N3-tetraacetic acid Eu-chelate (DTTA), and competitive binding assay was performed using a 96-weel titer plate previously coated with a second antibody, followed by measurement using time-resolved fluorometry. TR-FIA for standard ovine LH (NIDDK, LH-I-3) or FSH (NIDDK, FSH-I-1) had a sensitivity of about 25 pg/50 microliters sample. The assay system was applied to heterologous assay of porcine gonadotropins. Linearity was obtained by the dilution test using medium from primary culture of porcine anterior pituitary cells. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of LH and FSH determination in 31 different porcine samples were satisfactorily low, between 3.5 and 8.1% (intra-assay) and between 1.7 and 13.1% (inter-assay). Correlation coefficients between radioimmunoassay and TR-FIA were calculated to be 0.945 for LH and 0.978 for FSH. Stimulation of LH and FSH release with GnRH was observed by TR-FIA. This non-isotopic TR-FIA thus provides as good sensitivity, reproducibility and accuracy as conventional RIAs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Detection of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid in penile carcinoma by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization.

We investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus types 16, 18 and 33 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by polymerase chain reaction and the localization of human papillomavirus DNA by in situ hybridization using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of penile carcinoma in Japan. Of 111 untreated penile carcinomas 70 (63.1%) were positive for human papillomavirus DNA by the polymerase chain reaction method. Human papillomavirus type 16 was identified in 68 penile carcinoma cases and type 18 in 2, whereas type 33 could not be detected. Of 12 treated penile carcinomas 2 (16.7%) were positive for human papillomavirus type 16. These data indicate that human papillomavirus type 16 DNA is the type most commonly associated with penile carcinoma. Human papillomavirus type 16 was also detected in lymph node metastasis of penile carcinoma, and that was the same as the human papillomavirus DNA type in the primary carcinoma. The in situ hybridization analysis found the human papillomavirus DNA to be localized in the nuclei of carcinoma cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Study on high-strength plastic teeth. Tooth discoloration.

Conventional plastic teeth (CV teeth) are inferior to porcelain teeth in maintaining an adequate esthetic appearance with wear and discoloration, and thus have a shorter period of durability. Recently, high-strength plastic teeth (HS teeth) have been developed and applied to overcome the wear problems of CV teeth. Since HS teeth made of hard resin are still susceptible to staining with pigments, it has been observed that the esthetics of removable partial dentures made from such plastic teeth are gradually impaired in many patients. To investigate the susceptibility of HS teeth to pigments, we conducted an in vitro study by immersing three types of artificial teeth in three coloring liquids. It was found that the HS teeth tended to be less susceptible to the test pigments than the CV teeth to various degrees. In contrast, they showed markedly stronger susceptibility to the pigments than porcelain teeth. For all three artificial tooth types, daily tooth cleaning with an ultrasonic vibrator had a tendency to reduce the coloration in comparison with their counterparts without ultrasonic cleaning.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STD)].

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected on the genitalia without any macroscopic abnormality and the possibility of latent infection of HPV has been suggested. Using Vira Type (Toure Co.), we have detected 7 genotypes of HPV DNA under a high stringent condition on the genitalia of patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD), who were suspected of having had many sexual partners. In male cases of STDs other than condyloma acuminatum, the HPV-positive rate of the glans and sulcus coronarius was 4.7% (5/106). In healthy men, the HPV-positive rate was 6.1% (2/33), while in chronic prostatitis cases it was 3.4% (7/205) and in benign prostatic hypertrophy cases HPV was not detected. In female cases of STDs other than condyloma acuminatum, the HPV-positive rate of uterine cervix was 5.1% (3/58). In pregnant women, the HPV-positive rate was 4.6% (9/197). With regard to the HPV-positive rate within different age groups of STD and non STD cases, the rate tended to be higher in young people. After several weeks, follow-up studies were conducted on HPV-positive cases. HPV DNA was detected in one case of 10 males STD cases and two of 10 pregnant women, and the HPV DNA was the same type as at the first examination. However, after 3-4 months, all three of these cases had become negative for HPV DNA.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1991

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or renal pelvis in children.

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder or renal pelvis is rare in children. We report 2 children with TCC of the bladder and 1 with TCC of the renal pelvis. One of the two children with bladder carcinoma experienced frequent intravesical recurrences, which is in contrast to the usual clinical course of bladder carcinoma in children. In the 3rd child, renal pelvic carcinoma was found incidentally in a renal pelvis specimen removed during pyeloplasty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Radioimmunoassay with heterologous antibody (hetero-antibody RIA): utilization of highly cross-reactive antibody present in polyclonal antiserum.

To develop a homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for a hormone of a small or rare animal often meets difficulty in collecting a large amount of purified antigen required for antibody production. On the other hand, to employ a heterologous RIA to estimate the hormone often gives poor sensitivity. To overcome this difficulty, a "hetero-antibody" RIA was studied. In a hetero-antibody RIA system, a purified preparation of a hormone is used for radioiodination and standardization and a heterologous antibody to the hormone is used for the first antibody. Canine motilin and rat LH were selected as examples, and anti-porcine motilin and anti-hCG, anti-hCG beta or anti-ovine LH beta was used as the heterologous antibody. The sensitivities of the hetero-antibody RIAs were much higher than those of heterologous RIAs in any case, showing that these hetero-antibody RIA systems were suitable for practical use. To clarify the principle of hetero-antibody RIA, antiserum to porcine motilin was fractionated on an affinity column where canine motilin was immobilized. The fraction bound had greater constants of affinity with both porcine and canine motilins than the rest of the antibody fractions. This fraction also reacted with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal sequence common to porcine and canine motilins in a competitive binding test with labeled canine motilin. These results suggest that an antibody population having high affinity and cross-reactivity is present in polyclonal antiserum and indicate that the population can be used in hetero-antibody RIA at an appropriate concentration.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and immunosuppressive substance (ISS) in patients with renal cell carcinoma].

To clarify their usefulness as markers for renal cell carcinoma, serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and serum immunosuppressive substance (ISS) were evaluated by TIA (turbidometric immunoassay) for IAP and by SRID (single radial immunodiffusion) for ISS. The mean level of IAP and ISS was beyond each upper normal limit (500, 700 micrograms/ml) in every stage, and especially high in the M1 group. The levels of IAP and ISS were significantly correlated with each other. The determination of IAP and ISS levels after treatment showed a good correlation to the clinical course of the disease. The positive rates of IAP and ISS increased as the stages progressed, respectively. When the influences of pretreatment IAP and ISS level on survival period were investigated, the low IAP or ISS level group (less than two times of the upper normal limit) tended to have a better prognosis than the high level group (more than two times of the upper normal limit) in the M1 patients. These findings suggested that IAP and ISS could be used as markers for monitoring a disease and predicting the prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma. As for the positive rate in the combination assay for IAP, TPA and ferritin, or ISS, TPA and ferritin, more than 80% of the patients with low stage renal cell carcinoma had at least one positive marker. This suggested that the combination assay of these three markers was clinically valuable as a disease monitor in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in the normal genitalia of men].

The study of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the genitalia of all normal males is difficult, therefore cases of chronic prostatitis, a common disease treated in urological clinics, were chosen to identify HPV DNA by using Vira Type (Life Technologies Inc.). Smears of glans and sulcus coronalius of 177 subjects, showed a HPV positive rate of 3.4%, while 86 cases of those cases were negative for HPV in urethral smears. The lack of clinical findings suggests that HPV is an asymptomatic infection. In a follow up examination of 5 HPV positive cases some weeks later, smears of glans, sulcus coronalius and urethra were all negative for HPV. Examination by Vira Type showed that HPV disappeared spontaneously in these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) in urological tumors].

Urological tumors were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by using Southern blot hybridization. In 20 male patients with condyloma acuminatum, HPV type 6 was found at 85% (17/20), HPV type 11 at 95% (19/20), HPV type 16 at 5% (1/20) and HPV type 18 at 0% (0/20). In 2 female patients with condyloma acuminatum, HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 were found at 100% (2/2), 100% (2/2), 50% (1/2) and 0% (0/2), respectively. All 6 of the patients who were positive for HPV type 6, were also positive for HPV type 11. Two patients were positive for HPV types 6, 11 and 16, the last of which was frequently found in penile cancer and uterine cervical cancer. In 6 patients with penile cancer, two patients were positive for HPV type 16 and negative for HPV types 6, 11 and 18. The remaining 4 patients were negative for all these HPV types. One patient who was positive for HPV type 16 had penile cancer after three previous episodes of penile condyloma acuminatum. From this information, a malignant change in the condyloma acuminatum was assumed to indicate the possible association of HPV type 16 with the process of malignant degeneration. HPV types, 6, 11, 16 and 18 were not detected in a female patient with vulvar cancer. Although HPV was thought to participate in the development of urological tumors except for external genital tumors, all patients examined, consisting of 2 with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 5 with prostatic cancer and 24 with bladder cancer, were negative for HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. Eight patients with bladder cancer were negative for HPV type 33.

Adult↗