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Biomedical subjects

A Ivan

Publications and source records attributed to A Ivan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence of the owner of serologic markers for the hepatitis C virus, in a north-eastern territory of Romania.

The paper describes aspects in the natural evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with severe outcomes induced by the typical or atypical clinical manifestations or chronic carrier state. In the interval 1995-1999 in the Iasi district morbidity from all types of viral hepatitis ranged from 153.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 1995 to 66.6 in 1999. The features of A viral hepatitis epidemiological process was the multiannual cyclic pattern. From estimating the circulation of HCV in the population of Iasi district, several population categories have been screened for the presence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV). Testing 87,894 blood samples assessed the prevalence of anti-HCV in blood donors. Different annual values resulted: 1.5% in 1997 and as a result of routine screening, only 0.3% in 1999. The cases of posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH) admitted to the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Iasi, the diagnosis of which was supported by epidemiological history and confirmed serologically by the presence of anti-HCV were of 12 in 1995 (36.4% of all PTH), 20 in the interval 1996-1999, with an average for the 4 study years of 7.5%. Anti-HCV was found in 24.4% of series of 4,594 patients with viral hepatitis, in 32.1% of 582 individuals with various disorders or at risk, of which those with liver cirrhosis accounted for 37%, and in 9.6% of 94 patients with neurological disorders. Of the 1083 tested physicians and nurses working in health care settings at risk 6.6% were anti-HCV-positive.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Two decades of epidemiologic surveillance of the evolution of viral hepatitis in Iaşi County (1971-1990)].

The results of epidemiological observations on the evolution of viral hepatitis in the Iaşi district in the interval 1971-1990 are presented. A mean morbidity of 251.2 cases/100,000 inhabitants, this being in most years under the national mean, was found. In 75.9% of all cases the infections caused by hepatitis viruses affected the age-groups 1-14 years, indicating a high incidence of hepatitis A... Hepatitis B had a more increased incidence in the children aged 0-1 year, then it decreased but was present in all age groups. Although recorded all year round, increases in the incidence of viral hepatitis A were noticed during fall and winter seasons, prevailing in the children and teenagers collectivities.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preliminary data on possibilities for the early detection of risk for primary liver carcinoma in chronic HBsAg carriers].

The investigations on the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis in the HBsAg chronic carriers have suggested that the early detection of primary liver carcinoma requires epidemiological and laboratory follow up of their state of health. The preliminary results of the comparative investigations of 103 HBsAg carriers detected among blood donors and 93 controls without HBsAg are presented. Epidemiological inquiries, clinical examinations and laboratory tests (HBsAg, serum alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, proteinogram, siderophilin, immunoglobulins M, A, G) were carried out. Elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase and gamma- glutamyltranspeptidase were recorded in carriers as compared to controls (38.8% and 86%, respectively). The elevation of the levels of liver damage markers was significantly correlated, in the HBsAg carriers, with the carrier state over 3 years and less with the age-group. In the case of two carriers with elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein (> 600-> 1,000 ng/ml) ultrasonography confirmed the suspicion of primary liver carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). Emergent transmissible disease].

Of the reemergent transmissible diseases of the past decades, SARS is probably not the last to express the alterations occurring in the relationships of the human being with its global ecosystem. The life of contemporary man is characterized, among others, by a huge thirst for traveling, for varied reasons, consequence of the globalization process. SARS virus, mutant belonging to Coronaviridae, occurred in one of the most densely populated areas of the world. There are two main moments marking the reemergence and evolution of SARS: firstly, the onset of the epidemic in China in November 2002 followed by the worldwide spread of the epidemiological process, and secondly the discovery of SARS virus as a mutant of coronaviruses in March-April 2003 in USA, Canada, and Hong Kong. The possibilities of general and special prevention, and particularly vaccine prevention are likely to bring this disease under control.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk of increase in nosocomial infections incidence in a surgical clinic. A case-control study].

The complex activities of epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial infections (NI) have, among the main objectives, the identification of the causes and the assessment of risk factors. In 2002, the Clinic Hospital of Pneumology Iasi had 220 beds and was divided into the following units: Pneumophtisiology Unit (PPU), Thoracic Surgery Unit (TSU) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The global incidence of NI was of 0.85%. The incidence of cases with NI in the TSU and ICU increased to 5.39% in the interval April-June 2002 so that urgent epidemiological measures were applied to limit the phenomenon. After that, a case-control study was proposed in order to identify and assess the risk levels. The retrospective study met the methodological conditions such as case definitions for NI and post-surgical NI, for extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors, the selection of cases according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the formation of the representative sample. The study included 16 patients with pleural NI and 55 controls with the pleurotomy performed between April-June in the TCU, as a common feature. The factors that increased the probability of a post-surgical NI development were: the external pleural drainage maintained more than 30 days (OR = 185.5; p < 0.0001 for CI = 95%), tuberculosis as the most important associated disease among the patients' pathological history records (OR = 28.0; p < 0.0001; CI = 95%); the antibiotherapy with multiple associations (OR = 3.30; p < 0.04; CI = 95%). The conclusions underlined that the patients suffered from tuberculosis since the very admission, which need pleurotomy have an increased risk to develop a NI. This fact should require an appropriate epidemiological, clinical and microbiological surveillance and the empirical antibiotic strategy or that conducted by the antibiogram results has to be performed adequately, according to the operative recommendations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Statistical epidemiological screening methods assessing certain biochemical markers.

The epidemiological studies have shown that it is difficult to define a "normal" value for the serum concentration of some biochemical markers with predictive significance for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as follows: total cholesterol (TC), total lipids (TL), triglycerides (TG), glycemia (G), and urea (U). Our study establishes the mean and limit values of the normality for the above mentioned markers, in an adult population from the Iaşi City, using the epidemiological screening method. The employed methodology includes the records of the results of 2788 biochemical determinations during a period of 5 years, in order to assess the state of health of the population, as well the data working up and interpretation by means of the EpiInfo computer program. By testing a series of "normal" limits, the values found with apparent healthy persons (n = 2691) and persons previously diagnosed with diabetes mellitus or CVDs (n = 97) were analyzed in a differentiated way. In the sample of apparent healthy individuals, with the age between 20 and up to 60, the mean values were: 210 mg% for TC; 6.74 g@1000--TL; 125.74 mg%--TG; 0.91 g%--G and 0.34 g%--U. Satisfactory correlations (correlation coefficient-"r") of age with the values of TC (r = 0.38); TG (r = 0.26) and G (r = 0.23) comparatively with U (r = 0.15) or TL (r = 0.14) were noticed. The comparison of the mean values between males and females did not reveal a significant difference (p > 0.05) for any of the assessed constants. The clinical and community studies of the CVD risk assessed in the Iaşi City area will have to be referred to the registered and analyzed values of this epidemiological screening in the interpretation of some biochemical markers data.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological aspects and methodological difficulties in establishing the causal relationship of Chernobyl nuclear accident with cancer].

The epidemiological, etiologic and clinical polymorphism of the morbid states, those accounted by radioactivity included, create major obstacles in the standardization of the methods for assessing the incidence of some diseases and their lethality. The many risk factors that can associate to radiations from various sources make the epidemiological data difficult to evaluate. The Chernobyl nuclear accident has revived the concerns and research in the field of prevention, early diagnosis and intervention of the effects of nuclear radiations by development of comparative, spatial and temporal, researches based on standardized methods, thus comparable results being provided. In Romania, the multidisciplinary epidemiological researches on the effects of Chernobyl accident upon health are still limited, and consequently insignificant for global conclusions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic aspects of group A betahemolytic streptococcus infections in Galaţi County between 1990 and 2000].

The infections caused by group A betahemolytic streptococcus represent a major problem of community health, worldwide and in Romania, too. Between 1990-2000, in the Galati County, scarlet fever registered values of morbidity with a yearly variability between 8.2 and 54.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants. Angina, although underrated, reached values of 30-80%ooo, followed by erysipelas with an incidence of 80-100%ooo. The socio-economical impact was partially highlighted by assessing the dynamics of hospitalizations which registered values from 363.86 to 527.14%ooo inhabitants. To the previous, the costs of bacteriological investigations were added. For example, 60-80% of cases of angina were positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prospective epidemiologic and clinical observations on the prevalence of risk factors for stroke, performed on 374 inpatients, during the period of June 2001-June 2004].

UNLABELLED: Within the framework of cardiovascular pathology, with an epidemopandemic aspect, the stroke, through its mortality and sequels, represents, worldwide, a major problem of community health. In this context, we present the results of an epidemiological and clinical study, both prospective and interdisciplinary, performed on a sample of 374 inpatients suffering from stroke, hospitalized in the Neurology Ist Clinic of Iaşi, during the period June 2001-June 2004. The characteristics of the studied sample: age--78.8% over 51 years old, sex--53.7% male; residence--51.4% urban; provenance: rural--70.0% (p<0.001); studies: higher education--7.7% ; pensioners--76.2%; passive finding--96.8%; previous hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases and/or diabetes mellitus: 48.2%; blood groups: OI and AII--86.61%. RESULTS: Risk factors for stroke: 56.6%--BMI > 25; "A" behavior type (Bortner's test)--63.8%; stress: familial--74.1% and occupational--25.9%; excess consumption: alcohol--11.4%; salt--32.8%; tobacco--24.9%; passive smoking--10.8%. Releasing and aggravating risk factors: arterial hypertension (AHT)--55.4% (p<0.001); obesity--12.9%; diabetes mellitus--12.5%. Hereditary antecedents: AHT--46.8%; ischemic cardiopathy and myocardial infarction--15.6%; obesity and dyslipidemia--15.0%; stroke--10.8%. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the multifactorial and associative etiology of stroke is confirmed once more, and the estimate costs of 1.21 milliard lei, only for the 10-day average hospitalization, for each of the 374 inpatients.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of poststreptococcal, non-suppurative, late complications, in a Moldavian area (Romania) during the last decade].

The ubiquity of the acute infections caused by the group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (ABHS) requires the continuation of the screening strategies of the risk to develop nonsuppurative late complications. The aim of this study was to assess the poststreptococcal pathologic evolution in an area where, during the last 10 years, there were recorded high values of the morbidity due to acute infections determined by ABHS. Using methods of retrospective data collecting, in Galaţi district, during 1990-2003, they monitored the dynamics of the case incidence and general and hospitalized morbidity, according to various age and home environment categories, for acute rheumatic fever (RF), carditis (CR), and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSG). The results emphasized the need to re-launch some targeted prevention programs, in order to lower the still high morbidity, due to these complications and, implicitly, to limit the deriving invalidity or social economical loss.

Adolescent↗